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In God we Trust
This motto was made in 1776 and replaced the unofficial motto "E Pluribus Unum" in 1956, due to the Red Scare. -
Declaration of Independence
After years of intolerable acts by the British, the colonist in the 13 colonies finally declare independence from the British. The 13 Colonies fought a seven war of independence against the British. -
“E Pluribus Unum” was adopted
In 1782, the Senate adopted the phrase. It is Latin for Out of Many, One. It was proposed by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson. -
The US Constitution is ratified
After winning their independence from the British and the Articles of Confederation, the US ratifies the constitution, which would become the legal base for the US. -
The Bill of Rights were ratified by Congress
After the ratification of the Constitution, all of the amendments in the Bill of Rights were ratified. -
Alexis De Tocqueville 5 Values was written
- Liberty, 2. Egalitarianism, 3.Individualism, 4. Populism, and 5.Laissez-Faire.
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Homestead Act Passed
The Homestead act was passed and become a federal law. This law increased the number of settlements in western territories, granting 160 acres of land to people, it cost people a minimal filing fee and five years of continuous residence. -
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The Gilded Age
The Gilded age was when the US saw rapid industrialization and economic growth in the Northern and Western US. This time period saw a massive influx of immigrants, mostly from Europe. -
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Nativism
Nativisms is protecting the interest of native-born citizens of a country, against immigrants. This idea affected most immigrants, including Chinese Immigrants in the 1880s, and German immigrants from the 1910s to the 1920s. -
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Political Machines
Political Machines were organizations that could decide who would win an election in a local area. A most famous example of one is Tammany Hall. -
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Tenements
During this time, tenements were being built in major cities in the US. This type of building is a shared dwelling and usually has a lot of people in them. Tenements during the gilded age were notorious for their bad condition. -
Eugenics
The idea of Eugenics was created, and eugenics is the idea of survival of the fittest. It was created by Sir Francis Galton. -
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Muckrakers
A muckraker was someone who exposed wrongdoing in established institutions. Some famous muckrakers were Ida B. Wells, who pushed anti-lynching campaigns, and Upton Sinclair who exposed the poor conditions of the meat-packing industry in Chicago. -
The Homestead Strike began
The Homestead Strike began, it was caused by tensions between the steel workers and managers. More than 3800 workers participated in the strike. -
The Homestead Strike ends.
The Homestead Strike ended with a bloody confrontation between the steelworkers and the Pinkerton security guards and the Pennsylvania National Guard. 16 People died. -
The Klondike Gold Rush began
The Klondike Gold Rush began with gold being found in the area. Over 30,000 prospectors arrived at Klondike. -
The Spanish American War begins
The war begins after the sinking of the USS Maine in the port of Havana, which is a part of Spanish Cuba. -
The Spanish American War ends
After months of fighting, Spain would sign a peace treaty giving the US, Puerto Rico, The Philippine Islands, Guam, and independence for Cuba. -
The Klondike Gold Rush ends
The Klondike Gold Rush ended, it ended with 4000 people finding gold. -
Big Stick Diplomacy
Big Stick diplomacy is founded by Teddy Roosevelt, which means that the US should negotiate, but should be strong if it needs to act. -
The Panama Canal construction begins
After securing the Panama canal area from Columbia, the US would begin constructing the canal in order to make shipping and moving naval forces easier. -
The 16th Amendment
On this date, the 16th Amendment was ratified by Congress, establishing a federal income tax. -
The 17th Amendment
On this date, the 17th Amendment was ratified by Congress, this amendment made it so the people could directly vote for their senators. -
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WW1
WW1 was started after the assassination of the Austrian Archduke, this war would see the Central powers defeated, the fall of the Russian Empire, and the weakening of European empires, and would influence the 1920s. -
The Panama Canal construction is complete
After 10 years, the canal is finished, and it made moving ships easier, making it cheaper and less time-consuming. The canal would be under US control until 12/31/1999. -
The National Park Service is established
The National Park Service is established by President Woodrow Wilson and is a part of the Department of the Interior. The National Park Service manages all national parks, monuments, and other natural parks. -
The US enters WW1
The US would enter WW1 after the Germans sunk several US ships, including the Lusitania, and the Zimmerman telegram. -
The 18th Amendment is passed
The 18th Amendment is passed, which is also known as prohibition, it made the sale, manufacturing, and transportation of alcoholic beverages illegal. -
Treaty of Versailles is signed
After months of negotiating on how to punish the Central Powers, a treaty would finally be signed. but this would affect several countries for a couple of decades. -
19th Amendment is passed
The 19th Amendment is passed, which allowed women the right to vote. -
Social Darwinism is founded
This is the idea that poverty and other social ills were the faults of bad genes. -
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Tin Pan alley
Tin Pan alley music would become popular, which was New York City musicians would become popular and dominate US music culture. -
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Harlem Reniassance
A revival of African American culture, music, dance, art, and other forms of culture. Popular musician of this time was Louis Armstrong and Langston Hughes. Jazz would become really popular during this time. -
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Teapot Dome Scandal
In a bribery scandal involving the Harding Administration, the Secretary of the Interior had leased petroleum reserves in Wyoming. It was exposed after Harding had died of a heart attack, and since he was dead, a lot of the blame fell on him. -
Immigration Act of 1924 becomes law
Signed into law by President Coolidge, this law would limit immigrants coming into the US by using quotas for national origins. -
American Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 becomes law
Signed into law by President Coolidge, this law granted Indians born within US borders citizenship to the US. -
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The Great Depression
A time period of severe economic depression worldwide, originally starting in the US. This saw a global GDP decline of -26.7%, and a peak global unemployment of 24.9% in 1933. This would help dictators in Europe rise to power, which would lead to the election of FDR in 1932, and WW2. Lasted 43 months. -
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Deportation of Mexican Americans
During the Great Depression, anywhere from 355,000-1.8 million Mexican immigrants were deported. They were deported in an effort to reserve jobs for white Americans. -
1929 Stock Market Crash
After a decade of growth, the stock market crashed, a primary reason why it crashed was due to fears of speculation by the FED. This would be the catalyst for the Great Depression. -
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Recession of 1937-1938
After countries were beginning to recover from the Depression, many countries by the spring of 1937 saw early 1929 levels of growth again, unemployment was still high. During this Recession, the global GDP declined by 18.2%, and a peak global unemployment of 19%, lasted 13 months. This recession is considered to be a part of the Depression. -
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World War Two
Lasting six years, starting with the invasion of Poland, and ending with the atomic bombs being dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This war saw most countries taking sides, between the Allies and Axis. The main Allied countries were the US, UK, France, USSR, China, and many other smaller countries. The main Axis countries were Germany, Italy, and Japan. The conflict would affect all continents but Antarctica. 70-85 million (3%) of the world population died by the end. -
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The Flying Tigers
The Flying Tigers were American aviators who volunteered to fight in the air for China during the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. The group had 3 squadrons and 60 aircraft, and they trained in British Burma -
The Attack on Pearl Harbor
This attack would bring the US into WW2, it was a surprise attack on the US Navy stationed at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. 350 Japanese naval fighters sank or badly damaged 18 US naval vessels, including 8 battleships. 300 aircraft were destroyed and 2403 US Servicemen died. -
Executive Order 9066
This Executive Order allowed the US government to intern anyone of Japanese descent in the Western States. This was a response to Pearl Harbor. -
Bataan Death March
After the remaining 60-80,000 US and Filpino soldiers surrendered to the Japanese forces, they were forced to march between 60-69.6 miles. 5000-18000 Filipino soldiers died and 500-650 Americans died during the march. The Japanese would kill anyone who tried to escape or stop to rest. 5500 to 18650 POW died during the march. -
Bracero Program
This executive order permitted millions of Mexican men to work in the US on short-term labor contracts. -
Manhattan Project
This was the US project to develop the atomic bomb, the project was very successful with the first test on July 16th, 1945, the bomb was the size of 25 kilotons of TNT. -
Korematsu v. U.S
This Supreme Court Case argued that the internment of Japanese Americans was unconstitutional. 6-3 in the Supreme Court ruled that it was a military necessity and not based on race. -
Trinity Atomic Bomb testing
The first nuclear bomb made was tested at the Trinity Site, New Mexico. It was a total of 25 kilotons of TNT. -
The Bombing of Hiroshima
The atomic bomb, Little Boy was detonated in the Japanese city of Hiroshima, at 8:15 AM. It was 15 Kilotons of TNT, the smaller of the two atomic bombs. It was ordered by President Truman because the Japanese weren't surrendering and he wanted to avoid a bloody invasion of the mainland, which was estimated to have Allied casualties between 1.7 million to 4 million and 400,000-800,000 Allied dead. It killed 20,000 Japanese military personnel and killed 70,000 to 126,000 Japanese civilians. -
The Bombing of Nagasaki
The atomic bomb "Fat Man" was dropped on Nagasaki, it was the size of 21 kilotons of TNT, it was the 2nd atomic bomb that was dropped on Japan, it would help lead to the Japanese's unconditional surrender. It was ordered by President Truman because the Japanese wouldn't surrender after the first one. It killed 39,000-80,000 civilians. -
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Nuremberg Trial
The Nuremberg Trials was a military tribunal that was prosecuting 24 Nazis War Criminals. There was 1 judge each from the US, UK, France, and the USSR. Most were found guilty of crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and conspiracy. 11 were sentenced to death, 3 were acquitted, 3 were sentenced to life in prison, and the rest were given anywhere from 10-20 years in prison.