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Feb 25, 1435
Leone Alberti writes Della Pictura,
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Feb 25, 1450
Johann Gutenberg invents movable type,
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Feb 25, 1455
Printing Press Gutenberg and Caxton, movable type printing
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The first English daily newspaper, The Daily Courant, begins publication.
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England's Parliament formally concedes the right of journalists to cover its proceedings
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The World Turn'd Upside Down.” The American Colonies declare their independence fromGreat Britain
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Franklin discovers electricity
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The First Amendment to the U.S.
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Charles Babbage designs the Difference Engine
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LADY BYRON (first computer program)
Babbage designs Analytical Machine, often considered to be the first general-purpose computer. -
Charles Babbage conceives the first automatic digital computer, the Analytical Engine
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Samuel Morse debuts the telegraph
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Louis Daguerre invents the daguerreotype, the first practical form of photographicreproduction.
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Daguerreotype: photographs produced using a paper negative
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Magazines begin publishing woodcuts and lithographs produced from daguerreotypes.
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William Henry Fox Talbot patents the Calotype,
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Ada Byron, a mathematician and daughter of the famed poet, translates an article on Babbage'sAnalytical Engine, and at Babbage's request
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Six U.S. newspapers pool their resources to establish The Associated Press. The partnership isdesigned to help defray the huge expense of sending news stories via telegraph
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Sir David Brewster exhibits the Stereoscope at the Crystal Palace in London. Queen Victoria isamused. Over the next 70 years, the three-dimensional picture viewer (think View-Master) will becomeas ubiquitous in households as television is today.
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Roger Fenton photographs the Crimean War, but the pictures remain unseen by the generalpublic because newspapers cannot yet publish photos.
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Europe and North America are briefly linked by a transatlantic telegraph cable; by 1866, thesystem is up to stay. News that once took months to travel now takes seconds
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Transatlantic cable laid
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CRAY: Builds the CDC 1604 for Control Data Corporation. The first fully transistorized supercomputer.
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Second generation computer introduced by IBM. Used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.
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Remington Manual Typewriter
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The Associated Press leases its own telegraph line
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Alexander Graham Bell makes the first phone call
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Inventors in the U.S. and Germany debut the dynamic microphone.
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about a light? Edison invents the incandescent light bulb.
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While tabulating the 1880 U.S. census, statistician Herman Hollerith invents anelectromechanical machine that reads holes in perforated cards
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Development of the halftone process makes it possible to reproduce photographs in booksand newspapers
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Burroughs: First commercially successful adding machine.
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Film: Sequential photographs with sprockets manually pulled through a projector
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Edison and William Kennedy-Laurie Dickson debut the Kinetograph
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Eastman introduces the Brownie, a one-dollar camera designed for children.
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Guglielmo Marconi perfects a wireless radio system that transmits Morse code over theAtlantic Ocean.
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Georges Méliès releases Le Voyage dans la Lune
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Edwin Porter releases The Great Train Robbery, which will popularize the Nickelodeon.
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Victor Talking Machine Company introduces the Victrola. RCA will buy the company
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David Sarnoff, a Marconi wireless operator in New York, receives the SOS from the sinkingTitanic.
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The teletype is introduced. Journalism is no longer predicated on the knowledge of MorseCode.
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Griffith releases The Birth of a Nation, the first modern film. Moving camera shots andclose-ups are just two of the film's many innovations.
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Robert Wiene releases The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. The sets are designed by GermanExpressionist artists.
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Commercial radio: KDKA Pittsburgh
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Electronically recorded sound discsAT&T’s Bell labs allow recording of whole symphonies
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Electronically recorded sound discsAT&T’s Bell labs allow recording of whole symphonies
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Conrad ZuseFirst calculator. First computer
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Germany begins airing regular public TV broadcasts.
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"Turing’s Machine" defined as capable of computing any calculable function
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Orson Welles scares the daylights out of America. His radio adaptation of H.G. Wells' TheWar of the Worlds realistically simulates news coverage of an invasion by hostile Martians
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First colour T.V.broadcast.
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The first U.S. coast-to-coast television broadcast takes place as President Harry S. Trumanaddresses the opening of the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference in San Francisco.
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Zuse – Z3: First machine to work on a binary system rather than decimal system.
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Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain develop the transistor. More reliable and cheaper to run than vacuum tubes.
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IBM 701: First electronic stored computer that used vacuum tubes, RAM, punch cards and was the size of a piano.
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Removable disksPaul Baran sees a communications network different than the traditional point to point links. He envisioned a "fishnet network".
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Phillips first compact audio cassette.
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"Understanding Media" postulates the global village.
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HE inventend the Xanadu hypertext project
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Built and Developed of the first hypertext editing system
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Fourth generation computer by IBM uses chips to reduce size and cost.
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Intel 4004 chip developed by Hoff. Computers can now be owned by individuals.
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Phillips laserdisc playback only deckPONG, first commercial video game
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Kahn &Cerf present ideas for structure of Internet
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Intel 8080 microprocessor which was to be used in many PC’s.
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Email provided to 100 researchers
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First commercially available cell phone
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VisiCalc: the first spreadsheetWordstar: word processing package is released.
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Word Processing MachineSingle purpose machine with limited storage on magnetic material.
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Apollo Computer unveiled the first work station
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First PC clone
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Apple Computers introduces the Macintosh with the first mouse driven GUI (Graphical User Interface).
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Desktop publishingAldus PageMaker for the Macintosh
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SONY Betamax removed from consumer shelves
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First digital audio tape players
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3D Graphics: 3D graphical supercomputersPixar's "Tin Toy": the first computer-animated film to win an Academy Award,
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Handwriting recognition is introduced by grid with a touch sensitive pad on a lap top computers.
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National Science Foundation lifts ban on commerce on the Internet.
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National Science Foundation lifts ban on commerce on the Internet.
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World Wide Web
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Internet
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Saehan-Eiger Labs releases the MPMan F10/F20, the first portable MP3 player.
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Internet goes interactive; shopping, banking, live concerts, radio broadcasting, spamming
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Internet goes interactive; shopping, banking, live concerts, radio broadcasting, spamming
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Private ISP becomes big businessNetscape goes public
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Private ISP becomes big businessNetscape goes public
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RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is officially introduced. The format allows instantsyndication o
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Napster debuts, allowing users to download (and share) their favorite MP3s.
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Postmodern humans project images on the walls of their pyramids.
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The revolution will be downloaded: Apple introduces iTunes (January) and the iPod
