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Lee - Enfield Infantry Rifle
The Lee - Enfield was the primary rifle that was used in the war by the British military services. Canada used this gun but then started to see that the gun would easily jam and that it also suffered from having a small magazine. This gun was used all throughout the war,(Iarocci 2015). Image Citation,(Canadian War Museum 2008). -
Canadian Army Uniform
The Canadian soldiers were equipped with a jacket that had 4 pockets and straps that held grenades, ammo and other essentials that the soldiers needed in the field. This jacket was not too protective for the soldiers wearing them. This style was introduced in 1903 and used in the 1914 war,(Canadian Soldiers.com). Image Citation,(Canadian Soldiers.com). -
Mills Bomb
In 1915 both Canadian and British soldiers were using “egg-shaped” grenades that also packed more of a punch than the German’s sticks did. These grenades were shaped in a way that made it easy for soldiers to throw and helped in trench war. They were smaller and soldiers could carry multiples and they were good to lob over and into trenches,(Canadian War Museum 2008). Image Citation,(Canadian War Museum 2008). -
Ross Rifle
The Ross rifle was a Canadian made gun that could be used as an alternative to the Lee-Enfield. First models were delivered in 1905 and got recalled the next year. 4 years later came 'Mark 2'. The gun was put to use and in the first 2 years of the war many soldiers didn't like the gun and preferred the Lee-Enfield. This gun jammed often and couldn’t handle the trench life well. In 1916 the army removed it from the soldier's hands,(Foulds 2006). Image Citation, (Canadian War Museum 2008). -
Poisonous Gas
On April 22, 1915 the German army came out with “lethal chlorine gas” and “mustard gas” which shocked all of the other countries in war. By using gas combat in the war this gave Germany a great advantage that put them over the edge on France and the British Empire in the battle of Ypres. This is because no one was expecting a gas warfare,(History.com). Image Citation, (The Canadian Press) -
Gas Masks
The British Empire and France were both shocked when Germany started using gas weaponry, and in response the British military had to come up with some sort of protection to put on their soldiers. The mask is attached by a little tube to a little box that filters the chemicals and allows soldiers to breathe without inhaling the toxic gas chemicals,(Trueman 2015). Image Citation, (Trueman 2015) -
Thompson Sub Machine Gun
With first use in 1919 this gun was designed by General John T. Thompson to be reliable with reloads, shooting at a faster pace and having a much larger magazine than the guns we used in ww1. These qualities made it better for the soldiers on the field. Weighing around 10 lbs made it good in the trenches as it was light and soldiers could be very mobile. Invented in America but used by Britain and Canada,(Military Factory.com). Image Citation, (Wikipedia). -
Ontario Hydros Queenston-Chippawa Hydroelectricity Power Generator
This hydroelectric power generator was a massive project that took 4 years to build(1917 - 1921) and went to work in 1922. This generator was created to meet and supply the “increasing urban and industrial needs for Toronto and Southwestern Ontario”,(Government of Canada). This generator helped with mining, paper and pulp processing and with aluminum as well,(Government of Canada). Image Citation, (Niagara Falls Public Library). -
Discovery of Insulin
In ancient times diabetes was an incurable disease and for many people they died within a few days. In 1921, three Canadian doctors at the University of Toronto started to work on a cure. On January 11th, 1922 Dr. Fredrick Banting and the others successfully used insulin for the first time on a patient,(Diabetes 2010). Image Citation, (The Star). -
First Practical Snowblower
Living in Canada, we are impacted by snow half of the year and in 1894 an 18 year old Canadian inventor, Arthur Sicard came up with the idea of a real working snowblower. This machine has many parts that did not originally go together and finally in 1927 this idea came to life on the streets just outside the Montreal,Quebec. This machine could throw snow up to 100 feet away from itself,(Ingenious 2017). Image Citation, (Canadian Science). -
Cause and Consequence Pt.1
The use of gas warfare by the Germans and the creation of the small box respirators show ‘Cause and Consequence’ immensely. The cause of the Germans starting to use “chlorine and mustard gas” in World War 1 had a great impact on Britain and France’s army,(History.com). -
Cause and Consequence Pt.2
A year after the first gas attack in the battle of Ypres, the British army came out with the ‘Small Box Respirator’ which allowed their troops to breathe without harm from the toxic gases that the Germans were using,(Trueman 2015). The gas masks allowed France and Britain to actually fight back and they used science to test and create a device that could help them against the toxic gases. -
Continuity and Change Pt.1
Two of my events that show Continuity and Change are the Ross Rifle and the Thompson Sub machine Gun. These two guns show continuity and change because throughout the 1910’s there were many changes made to Canadian and British weaponry. The Ross rifle being used in 1915, was a long barreled gun that often jammed and was seemingly unreliable in the war field and in trenches,(Foulds 2006). -
Continuity and Change Pt.2
By 1919 the Thompson sub machine gun came out and fixed all of those problems, it was smaller, lighter, very reliable and didn’t jam after firing multiple shots,(Military Factory.com). Although there were new guns being produced and used the Canadian military continued to use both weapons in the coming years and the load outs the soldiers used did not really change too much.
