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Automobiles&Airplanes
Ford was the first car company in Canada( originally from USA), used the assembly line to make cars, Ford Model T purchased $395. Ford, General Motors(GM) and Chrysler were called "The Big Three"
BENNETT BUGGY--car with horse attached. people did this because they didn't have money to keep a car running(gas and repairs). "Bennett" was meant to refer to R.B.Bennett.
By 1928,one out every 2 canadian homes had an automobile. -
prohibition
During the war, every provincial government except Quebec banned the sale of liquor.
In 1918, the federal government introduced Prohibition, banning the production, import, and transportation of liquor across the country.
Prohibition had some positive social effects...the crime rate dropped, and arrests for drunkenness decreased dramatically.
More worker took their pay
BOOTLEG/BOOTLEGGNG---to sell something illegally (alcohol sold illegally in the 1920s) -
Spanish Flu
Canada was struck with a terrible epidemic called the Spanish flu.
As soldiers returned home from war, was struck with a terrible epidemic. Soldiers carried the virus with them from overseas.
To stop spead of the flu, schools, threatres, and churches closed their doors.
About 50,000 Canadians died during the epidemic. this was 10,000 fewer than the number of people killed during the war. Death had come to the home front. -
Xenophobia
--- Intense dislike of foreigners
--- 1919 Immigrantion Act-- made all immigrants pass an English literacy test (emphasis on assimilation)
--- Chinese Exclusion Act 1923
---Indian Act 1867
XENOPHOBIA---fear of people(e.g afraid of people from different countries, different cultures)
--- League of indians -
Winnipeg General Strike
Within 3 days over 30,000 workers were strike.
Worker unrest came to a head in Winnipeg.
A large number of immigrant worker had settled in the city. -
Bloody Saturday
the day of violence of the Winnipeg General Strike
the genral strike dragged on for 37 days
Parades had been banned.
The mayor, fearing trouble, read the Rior Act and called in the Royal North-West Mounted Police.
The crowd overturned a streetcar and set it on dire, The Mounted Police charged the crowd. Shots were fired.
One man was killed and 30 were injured, hundreds were arrested.
The crowds disperswd in panic,
Five days later, the Central Strike Committee ordered the worke. -
Movie(Talkies)
Movies now had shound in the 1920s there was called "talkies"
Talkies films were another amazing invenrion of the 1920s. But "talkies" did not arrice in Canada until 1927.
Mary Pickford was a famous Canadian actress.
By 1929 there were 900 movie threatres across Canadan -
Group of Seven
A group of Canadian artists that came together around 1913
were a group of Canadian landscape painters from 1920 to 1933, originally consisting of Franklin Carmichael, Lawren Harris, A. Y. Jackson, Frank Johnston, Arthur Lismer, J. E. H. MacDonald, and Frederick Varley.
Two artists commonly associated with the group are Tom Thomson and Emily Carr.
Influenced by the Impressionists.
Were also determined to create art that dealt with the Canadian wxperience. -
Radio 1920s
Greatest communication technology in the 1920s
Originally invented in the 1880s
People could communicate all through Canada
Needed earphones in the beginning
People listened to hockey updates
Battery-less radio( radio without batteries)
Inventes by Ted Rogers (canadian) in 1925.
Sold for $120 in beginning (radio called "Type 120")
Was invented byTed Rogers(Canadian) in 1925 -
Jazz Age
Jazz music started in New Orleans (U.S.A.) among African Americans
Some famous jazz musicians are Duke Ellington, and Louis Armstrong,both black Americans.
The dance of this time was called the Charleston, also emerged out of Black American culture.
Its fast and wild pace quickly caught on with the high-spirited younger generation. members of the dance banned , but the Charleston was here to stay.
POPULAR DANCE OF 20s...shimmy, butterffy,bunny hop. -
Slang
all wet-out oflurch
banana oil-nonsense
keen-attracitve
spiffy-fashionable
daogs-shoes -
Prime Minister
William Lyon Mackenzie King
Mackenzie King was a dominant Canadian political liberal leader from the 1920's to the 1940's.
He was Canada's 10th Prime Minister, with 21 years in office.
Mackenzie King was the longest serving Prime minister of Canada off and on for a total of 22 years.
in 1930, King insisted that social welfare was the responsibility of the provinces, declaring he would not give a "five cent piece" to any province that did not have a liberal government. -
Joseph Armand Bombardier
Canadian who invented first snowmobile called "B-7" for medical transport in winter. -
Insulin
Over a million people in North America had diabetes. No one know what caused the disease or how to treat it. Thousands who suffered from the illness died every year.
In 1922, Canadian medical researchers at the University of Toronto had discovered a treatment called insulin.
Ontario doctor, Frederick Banting, determined that people with diabetes could not absorb sugar & starch from the blood stream because they were missing an important hormone-insulin.
Astounding & saved the lives of million. -
Chinese Exclusion Axt
In efforts to stop immigration from China, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in Canada on July 1st 1923.
This Act banned all Chinese from entering Canada, except for students, merchants, and diplomats.
Only 8 chinese people were admitted to Canada.
Canadians feared that the Chinese would take over their jobs. Due to the Great War (1914-1918), discrimination still existed in Canada. -
Foster Hewitt
In 1923, one of the most famous sportscasters in canadian history called his first hockey game.
He described the game over a telephone connected to the radio station.
He broadcast his first "Hockey night in canada" game. -
Model T and assembly line
Ford was the first car company in Canada (originally from USA)
Ford used the assembly line to make cars
In 1924 a car, called the Ford Model T, could be purchased for $395
Ford, General Motors (GM) and Chrysler were called “The Big Three” -
Airplane
The Canadian air force started in 1924, Charles Lindbergh made the first flight from one country to another...New york to Paris -
The Person Caes(Famous Five)
In 1916, Emily Murphy was made the first woman judge in the British and she was appointed to an Alberta court.
The famous 5 were a group of suffragists that helped to give women the rights that thay have today.
They continued to fight for the right to vote, and brought their case to special council in England.
In 1929 the famous 5 succeed. The British council declared that women had the same right as men.
Mackenzie King supported women's right.
SUFFRAGISTS---women who fight the right. -
Golden Age of Sports
Many of sports heros of the decade were amayeurs. sudh as Lionel Conacher, Bobbie Rosenfeld played multiple sports.
Wonmen in Sports--- Edmonton Grads dominated basketball for over 20 years but by 1930s competovote sports were considered "unfeminine". -
Fashion(Flapper)
flapper was a young woman who dressed outrageously.
fashion----rising hemlines, bob hair cut, knickers, bow ties
fads----mahjong, crosswords, contests, dancing marathons -
Black Tuesday - Stocl Market Crash
The beginning of the Great Depression
Many people lost their jobs and Canadians became poor.
WHY? Stocks were highly inflated or overpriced AND company products were not the same worth. Investors became nervous as stock prices were becoming "too high" for what it actually worth. As inbestots sold, prices of stock prices went down.
EFFECTS!!! People stopped investing. Bank wanted payment for loans but borrowers could not pay. Many companies ahd borrowed maney grow the production, had to shut down -
The Great Depression ( cause)
- Too Much Production... many companies were making more products. Many products were stored in warehouses because Canadians could not to buy all . 2.Canada Depended On primary products...canada's economy depended on wheat, fish minerals and pulp and paper. 3.Canada needed USA too much...65% of our imports were from the US,40% of our exports went to the US. 4.High Tariffs... put a tax on products from other countries to protect own countries product. 5. too much credit buying. (stocks)
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Residential Schools
This began in the 1800’s and was run by churches.
They were most common in 1920s-30s (80 of them in Canada)
The last one did not close until 1996 Aboriginal children were taken from their homes, and forced to live at a school.
Ithey were forced to become Christians,to forget their old languages and traditions. childen had to live in bad conditions, and many of them were abused by the people who work at the school (nuns, teachers).
ASSIMILATION---make people the same as each other. -
Five Cent Speech
The election of 1930
The 5 cent speech was delivered to the Canadian public in the late 1920's. This is when Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie said he wouldn't give even a nickel of funding to Conservative provinces (King was a Liberal). -
Soup Kitchen
These were places where churches and charities handed out free soup to people. They had no money for their own food. -
New Political Parties
emerged to solve the problems of the 1930s
social credit-leader William Aberhart
Union Nationale- leader Maurice Duplessis
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation(CCF)--leader James S. Woodworth -
Relief
Relief Camp -- government made special work camps throughout the country to keep people working. workers made 20 cents per day.
worked 8 hours per day, 6days a week.
built roads, dug ditches, planted trees
were paid 20 cents a day
worker's protest----April,1925...1500 men from BC work camps went on strike--went to Vancouver to demonstrate...srtike late 2 months. On-to-Ottawa Trek was born. -
On-To-Ottawa Trek
sigle men
They"rode the rails" looking fir work in other Canadian cities. were called drifters.
Arrived in new cities needing food, shelter and work...these was no food, shelter or work for these newcomers once they arrived.
TREK---to travel or migrate,usually along and difficult travel experience. -
Bennett's new deal
R.B.Bennett knew that Canadians were angry with the governmenr over the economic downture.
Plan to establish unemployment and social insurance....ste wages, limit the hours of work, guarentee the fair trearment of empolyees. And contral prices so that business could not make unfair profits. -
CBC & CRBC & NFB
government created the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Comission (CRBC)
which became the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
CBC took on a powerful force in establishing a sense of national unity across Canada, and is still popular nowadays.
National Film Board(NFB)
