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Election Controversy
The United States presidential election of 1876 was one of the most disputed presidential elections in American history. Samuel J. Tilden of New York outpolled Ohio's Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote, and had 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165, with 20 votes uncounted. The Presidential election of 1876 pitted Republican Rutherford B. Hayes against Democrat Samuel Tilden. Thus, when the Electoral Commission cast its votes, the decision on each disputed state went on an 8 to 7 vote in Hayes' -
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971) led the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War, serving as premier from 1958 to 1964. Though he largely pursued a policy of peaceful coexistence with the West, he instigated the Cuban Missile Crisis by placing nuclear weapons 90 miles from Florida. "My vas pokhoronim!") is a phrase that was used by Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev while addressing.Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev succeeds him with his election as first secretary of the communist -
Eisenhower Interstate System
Eisenhower Interstate system a network of controlled-access highways that form part of the National Highway System in the United States. The bill created a 41,000-mile “National System of Interstate and Defense Highways” that would, according to Eisenhower, eliminate unsafe roads. The system would include two percent of all roads and would pass through every state at a cost of $25,000 per mile ($16,000/km), providing commercial as well as military transport benefits. As the landmark 1916 law -
Warren Burger Supreme Court
Warren Burger Supreme court was the 15th chief Justice of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1986. Born in Saint Paul Minnesota, Burger graduated from the St.Paul college of law in 1931. He helped secure the Minnesota delegation's support for Dwight D. After Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election, he appointed burger to the position of assistant attorney general in charge of the Civil Division. In 1974, Burger wrote for a unanimous court in the United States v. Nixon invocation. -
Joseph McCarthy
Joseph McCarthy was an American politician who served as U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. Beginning in 1950, McCarthy became the most visible public face of a period in the United States. He is known for alleging that numerous Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers had infiltrated the United States federal government, universities. the smear tactics that he used led him to be censured by the U.S. Senate. The term "McCarthyism", coined. -
Dr. Jonas Salk
Jonas Salk was an American physician and medical researcher who developed the first safe and effective vaccine for polio.In 1947 he became head of the Virus Research Lab at the University of Pittsburgh. At Pittsburgh, he began research on polio. On April 12, 1955, the vaccine was released for use in the United States. He established the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in 1963. Salk died in 1995. he became part of a group that was working to develop a vaccine against the flu.Jonas Leading -
Hector P. Garcia
Dr. Hector Perez Garcia was an advocate for Hispanic-American rights during the Chicano movement. He was the first Mexican-American member of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission and was awarded the Medal of Freedom. In 1984, President Reagan awarded García the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian award. García was the first Mexican American ever to receive the honor.Garcia was named as an alternate representative to the United Nations, was appointed to the United States Comm -
Alger & Ethel Rosenberg
Alger Hiss was a man who was
accused by Whittaker Chambers of the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1948, of being a secret communist spy, after he Hiss had left his government duties in 1946. THE ROSENBERGS & ALGER HISS are stories about lies, betrayal & espionage during the 1950's. Julius & Ethel Rosenbergs were a married couple who were members of the American Communist Party. Julius Rosenberg was fired from his job because of his involvement with the Communist party. -
John Glenn
Colonel John Herschel Glenn Jr. was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio. In 1962, he became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times. Before joining NASA, Glenn was a distinguished fighter pilot in World War II, China, and Korea. He shot down three MiG-15 aircraft and was awarded six Distinguished Flying Crosses and eighteen Air Medals. In 1957 he made the first supersonic transcontinental flight across the United S -
Jimmy Carter
Born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, Jimmy Carter was the 39th president of the United States and served as the nations chief executive during a time of serious problems at home and abroad. Carter's perceived mishandling of these issues led to defeat in his bid for reelection. He later turned to diplomacy and advocacy, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 2002. When Jimmy Carter was four years old the family relocated to Archery a town approximately two miles from plains -
Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra Day O'Connor was elected to two terms in the Arizona state senate. In 1981,Ronald Reagan nominated her to the U.S. Supreme Court. She received unanimous Senate approval and made history as the first woman justice to serve on the nation's highest court. Senate approval, and made history as the first woman justice to serve on the nation's highest court.O'Connor was a key swing vote in many important cases, including the upholding of Roe v. Wade.She retired in 2006 after serving for 24 years -
Ike Turner
Ike Turner made a string of R&B hits with singer and wife Tina Turner. He struggled with drug addiction and died of an accidental cocaine overdose. R&B legend Ike Turner was born on November 5, 1931, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and grew up playing the blues. In 1956, he met a teenager and singer named Anna Mae Bullock.As a child, Turner initially played a style of blues known as boogie-woogie on the piano, which he learned from Pinetop Perkins. (While his full, legal name was Ike Wister Turner -
Little Richard
Little Richard is an American musician, songwriter, singer, and actor. He is known as the architect of Rock & Roll. An influential figure in popular music and culture for seven decades, Little Richard's most celebrated work dates from the mid-1950s when his dynamic music and charismatic showmanship laid the foundation for rock and roll. His music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres including soul and funk. Little Richard influenced numerous singers. -
Albert Sabin
The Sabin Vaccine Institute is founded on the legacy and global vision of one of the pre-eminent scientific figures in the history of medicine, Dr. Albert B. Sabin. Best known as the developer of the oral live virus polio vaccine, Dr. Sabin not only dedicated his entire professional career to the elimination of human suffering through his groundbreaking medical advances, he also waged a tireless campaign against poverty and ignorance throughout his lifetime.It was in this spirit of commitment -
Ralph Nader
Born in Connecticut in 1934, Ralph Nader went on to study law and became a crusader of car-safety reform in the 1960s. In 1971 he founded the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen and has continued to be an opponent of unchecked corporate power. Ralph Nader is an American politician and consumer activist who has a net worth of $6 million. His independent politics, true "maverick" status, and penchant for unsuccessful presidential runs are all more noteworthy than his net worth. -
Robert Johnson
Robert Leroy Johnson was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician. His landmark recordings in 1936 and 1937 display a combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting talent that has influenced later generations of musicians. A singer and guitarist, Johnson is considered to be one of the greatest blues performers of all time.Despite his comparatively small number of recordings, Johnson has a paramount place in blues history and, though he played acoustically, was a strong influence -
John McCain
John Sidney McCain III is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Arizona since 1987.He was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2008 election, which he lost to Barack Obama.McCain graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958 and followed his father and grandfather.He became a naval aviator and flew groundattack aircraft from aircraft carriers. He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona where he entered politics -
Robert Johnson
American blues singer-songwriter and musician.His landmark recordings in 1936.As an itinerant performer who played mostly on street corners, in juke joints, and at Saturday night dances, Johnson had little commercial success or public recognition in his lifetime.The power of Johnson’s music has been amplified over the years by the fact that so little about him is known and what little biographical information we now have only revealed itself at an almost glacial pace. Even the tragedy was mythic -
G.I. Bill
Signed into law with President Franklin D Roosevelt on June 22, 1944, this act also known to provide veterans of the second world war funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing. The GI Bill benefits to spouses the benefits available prior to discharge. It established hospitals, made low- interest mortgages available and granted stipends covering tuition and expenses for veterans attending college or trade schools. GI Bill tuition payment at private and foreign schools -
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a treaty entered into by the United States, Canada, and Mexico; it went into effect on January 1, 1994. Free trade had existed between the U.S. and Canada since 1989; NAFTA broadened that arrangement. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NATFA) was the door through which American workers were shoved into the neoliberal global labor market. NAFTA affected U.S. workers in four principal ways. First, it caused the loss of some 700,000 jobs. -
Atomic Bomb
The number of atomic bombs dropped on Japan during World War II. 80,000 - People who died instantly in Hiroshima, Japan, on August 6, 1945. the first ever atomic bomb was used in war. The code name of the uranium-based bomb was "Little Boy."Aug 6, 2013. President Harry S. Truman, warned by some of his advisers that any attempt to invade Japan would result in horrific American casualties, ordered that the new weapon is used to bring the war to a speedy end. five-ton bomb over the Japanese city -
Period: to
Contemporary (25)
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Hillary Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician who was the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001 and served as the junior U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009 and 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician who was the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, and served as the junior U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009 and 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013. -
Period: to
Cold War
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Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan officially the European Recovery Program, ERP was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $13 billion nearly $110 billion in 2016 US dollars in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.The plan was in operation for four years beginning on April 3, 1948. The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-torn regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, improve European prosperi -
Al Gore
Al Gore is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.Gore was Bill Clinton's running mate in their successful campaign in 1992, and the pair was re-elected in 1996. Near the end of Clinton's second term,Gore was selected as the Democratic nominee for the 2000 presidential election but lost the election in a very close race after a Florida recount. After his term as vice-president ended in 2001, Gore remained prominent -
Berlin Airlift
After World War II, the Allies partitioned defeated Germany into a Soviet-occupied zone, an American-occupied zone, a British-occupied zone and a French-occupied zone.Berlin, the German capital city, was located deep in the Soviet zone, but it was also divided into four sections. In June 1948, the Russians–who wanted Berlin all for themselves–closed all highways, railroads.This, they believed, would make it impossible for the people who lived there to get food or other supplies. -
Stalemate ensues for 2 years
The first twelve months of the Korean War had been characterized by dramatic changes in the battlefront as the opposing armies swept up and down the length of the Korean peninsula. This war of movement virtually ended on 10 July 1951, when representatives from the warring parties met in a restaurant in Kaesong. The advent of truce talks in July 1951 came on the heels of a successful United Nations offensive that had not only cleared most of South Korea of Communist force captured limit -
Beat Generation
The Beat Generation was a literary movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture and politics in the post-World War II era. The bulk of their work was published and popularized throughout the 1950s. The term beat generation was coined by Jack Kerouac in a conversation with writer John Clellon in 1948. Holmes wrote in his journal on December 10, 1948. Beat poets sought to liberate poetry from academic preciosity and bring it “back to the streets.” -
Period: to
1950s
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38th Parallel established as border
The 38th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 38 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.After the outbreak of the Korean War between North and South Korea in June 1950, United Nations (UN) forces, which under U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur had come to the aid of the South, moved north of the 38th parallel in an attempt to occupy North Korea.When Japan surrendered in August 1945, the 38th parallel was established as the boundary between Soviet and American occupation zones -
Bill Haley and the Comets
Bill Haley & His Comets were an American rock and roll band, founded in 1952 and continued until Haley's death in 1981. The band was also known as Bill Haley and the Comets and Bill Haley's Comets. From late 1954 to late 1956, the group placed nine singles in the Top 20, one of those a number one and three more in the Top Ten. Bandleader Bill Haley had previously been a country music performer; after recording a country and western-styled version of "Rocket 88". Bill Haley remained the star. -
Elvis
Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King". Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.Brown v. Board of Education was one of the cornerstones of the civil rights movement and helped establish the precedent that “separate-but-equal” education and other services were not, in fact, equal at all.This case was the consolidation of four cases arising in separate states relating to the segregation of public. -
Period: to
Civil Rights
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Polio Vaccine
Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis. There are two types of that uses inactivated poliovirus and is given by injection and that uses weakened poliovirus and is given by mouth. The world health organization recommends all children be fully vaccinated against polio.The first polio vaccine was the inactivated polio vaccine. It was developed by Albert Sabin came into commercial use in 1961. Polio is causedof three types of poliovirus These viruses are contracted between poeple. -
Emmett Till Tragedy
Emmett Till Tragedy was a 14-year-old African-American who was lynched in Mississippi in 1955 after a white woman said she was offended by him in her family's grocery store. Till grew up in a working-class neighborhood on the south side of Chicago, and though he had attended a segregated elementary school, he was not prepared for the level of segregation he encountered in Mississippi. He spoke to 21-year-old Carolyn Bryant, the white married proprietor of a small grocery store there. His assaila -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
The result was the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the first civil rights legislation since reconstruction. The new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote. Which ended segregation n public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil right -
Orvaul Faubus
Faubus' name became internationally known during the Little Rock Crisis of 1957 when he used the Arkansas National Guard to stop African Americans from attending Little Rock Central High School as part of federally ordered racial desegregation. Governor Orval Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling at Central High School. Central High was an all-white school.Faubus's first political race was in 1936 when he contested a seat in the Arkansas -
Politics(Nixon, Kennedy)
The United States presidential election of 1960 was the 44th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1960. In a closely contested election, Democrat John F. Kennedy defeated incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon, the Republican Party nominee.The Presidential election of 1960 was one of the closest in American history. John F. Kennedy won the popular vote by a slim margin of approximately 100,000 votes. Richard Nixon won more individual states than Kennedy -
Peace Crops
In 1960, John F. Kennedy, proposed to the University of Michigan, to help the developing countries, by promoting peace. He encouraged them to go to needy countries and give them aid, financially, educationally, and physically. This spurred an evolution in the form of volunteering around the world.Since 1960, 190,000 volunteers have been sent to 139 host countries that are in need of help; currently, they are serving in 74 countries. These brave volunteers venture to rural third world countries. -
New Frontier
The term New Frontier was used by liberal Democratic presidential candidate John F. Kennedy in his acceptance speech in the 1960 United States. We stand today on the edge of a New Frontier the frontier of the 1960s, the frontier of unknown opportunities and perils, the frontier of unfilled hopes and unfilled threats. Beyond that frontier are uncharted areas of science and space, unsolved problems of peace and war, unconquered problems of ignorance and prejudice, unanswered questions of poverty. -
Counter Culture
A counterculture is a subculture whose values and norms of behavior differ substantially from those of mainstream society, often in opposition to mainstream cultural mores. A countercultural movement expresses the ethos and aspirations of a specific population during a well-defined era.The aggregate movement gained momentum as the Civil Rights Movement continued to grow, and would later become revolutionary with the expansion of the U.S. government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam. -
Anti-War Movement
An anti-war movement (also antiwar) is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.The term can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts. Many activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements.Substantial anti-war sentiment developed in the United States during the period roughly falling between end of the War. -
Feminism
The resurgence of feminism across the United States in the 1960s ushered in a series of changes to the status quo that still have an impact today. In the media, and in women’s personal situations, 1960s feminists inspired unprecedented changes in the fabric of our society, changes with far-reaching economic, political. The 1960s were an age of fashion innovation for women. The early 1960s gave birth to drainpipe jeans and capri pants. The casual dress became more unisex consisted of plaid button -
Period: to
1960s
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Period: to
1970s
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Warren Commission
The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, known unofficially as the Warren Commission, was established by President Lyndon B. Johnson through Executive Order 11130 in November. The Warren Court was the period in the history of the Supreme Court of the United States during which Earl Warren served as Chief Justice. The Supreme Court during chief justice Earl Warren's 16 year tenure made decisions that impacted and continue to impact the lives of Americans to date. -
Assassination of JFK
Was assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963, at 12:30 p.m. in Dallas, Texas while riding in a presidential motorcade in Dealey Plaza. Kennedy was riding with his wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally, and Connally's wife, Nellie when he was fatally shot. Governor Connally was seriously wounded in the attack. The motorcade rushed to Parkland Memorial Hospital where President Kennedy was pronounced dead about thirty minutes after the shooting. recovered from his injuries Former. -
Birmingham March
The Birmingham campaign, or Birmingham movement, was a movement organized in early 1963 by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama.The campaign was originally scheduled to begin in early March 1963, but was postponed until 2 April when the relatively moderate Albert Boutwell defeated Birmingham's segregationist commissioner of public safety, Eugene ''Bull'' Connor, in a run-off mayoral election -
Great Society
The Great Society was a set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964–65. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice. In May 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson laid out his agenda for a “Great Society” during a speech at the University of Michigan. With his eye on re-election that year, Johnson set in motion his Great Society, the largest social reform plan in modern history.Despite his conservative voting record -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Despite the progress made by minorities under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the evidence before Congress reveals that 40 years has not been a sufficient amount Voting Rights Act is considered one of the most farreaching -
Rodney King Incident
Born on April 2, 1965, in Sacramento, California, Rodney Glen King was an African American who became a symbol of racial tension in America, after his beating by Los Angeles police officers in 1991 was videotaped and broadcast to the nation. The officers — Laurence Powell, Timothy Wind, Theodore Briseno and Stacey Koon — were charged with criminal offenses, including assault with a deadly weapon. Their trial was originally set to be held in Los Angeles, but defense attorneys successfully argued -
Black Panther Party
The Black Panthers, also known as the Black Panther Party, was a political organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to challenge police brutality against the African American community. Dressed in black berets and black leather jackets, the Black Panthers organized armed citizen patrols of Oakland and other U.S. cities. At its peak in 1968, the Black Panther Party had roughly 2,000 members. The organization later declined as a result of internal tensions,deadly shootouts &FBI -
Stonewall Riot
The Stonewall Riots were followed by several days of demonstrations in New York and was the impetus for the formation of the Gay Liberation Front as well as other gay,lesbian and bisexual civil rights organizations.It’s also regarded by many as history’s first major protest on behalf of equal rights for homosexuals.The raid sparked a riot among bar patrons and neighborhood residents as police roughly hauled employees and patrons out of the bar, leading to six days of protests and violent clashes -
Video Head System (VHS)
is a standard for consumer-level analog video recording on tape cassettes. Developed by Victor Company of Japan. it was released in Japan in late 1976 and in the United States in early 1977. From the 1950s,magnetic tape video recording became a major contributor to the television industry,via the first commercialized video tape recorders.At that time,the devices were used only in expensive professional environments such as television studios and medical imaging.In the 1970svideotape entered home -
Nixon Tapes
The Nixon White House tapes are audio recordings of conversations between the U.S.President Richard Nixon and Noxon administration officials,Nixon family members, and white house staff, produced between 1971 and 1973. NixonHaldeman conversation in which the two cooked up a plan to tell FBI Director Patrick Gray to stop investigating the Watergate burglary because of national security implications.On this day in 1974,President Richard Nixon announces to the public that he will release transcripts -
Lester Maddox
Maddox was born in Atlanta,Georgia,the second of seven children born to Dean Garfield Maddox,a steelworker, and his wife, the former Flonnie Castleberry.Maddox left school shortly before graduation to help support the family by taking odd jobs.A Democrat, Maddox came to prominence as a staunch segregationist when he refused to serve black customers in his Atlanta restaurant in defiance of the Civil Rights Act.He later served as Lieutenant Governor during the time that Jimmy Carter was Governor. -
Watergate
The Watergate began early in the morning of June 17, 1972, when several burglars were arrested in the office of the Democratic National Committee, located in the Watergate complex of buildings in Washington, D.C. This was no ordinary robbery: The prowlers were connected to President Richard Nixon reelection campaign, and they had been caught wiretapping phones and stealing documents. Nixon took aggressive steps to cover up the crime afterward, and in August 1974, the conspiracy was revealed. -
Equal Rights Amendment
It's a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex it seeks to end the legal distinctions between men and women in terms of the divorce, property, employment and other matters. The ERA was originally written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman. The amendment was introduced in Congress for the first time in October.In the early history of the Equal Rights Amendment middleclass women were largely supportive -
Roe v. Wade
Roe v. Wade is a landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States supreme court on the issue of the constitution of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions. The Supreme Court case that held that the constitution protected a women's rights to an abortion prior to the viability of the fetus. Sarah Weddington, an attorney from Texas was the lawyer who argued for legalization abortion before the high court. She was 26 years old at the time. it a case that legalized abortion. -
Heritage Foundation
The mission of The Heritage Foundation is to formulate and promote conservative public policies based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense. The Heritage Foundation is a right-wing think tank. Its stated mission is to formulate and promote public policies based on the principles of "free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense." -
Earl Warren Supreme Court
Earl Warren was an American jurist and politician who served as the 30th Governor of California and later the 14th chief justice of the United States in (1953-1969). Important decisions during the Warren Court years included decisions holding segregation policies in public schools and anti-miscegenation laws unconstitutional. The Supreme Court during chief justice Earl Warren's 16-year tenure made decisions that impacted and continue to impact the lives of Americans to date. -
Gerald Ford’s Presidency
America's 38th president, Gerald Ford (1913-2006) took office on August 9, 1974, following the resignation of President Richard Nixon who left the White House in disgrace over the Watergate scandal. Ford became the first unelected president in the nation's history. A longtime Republican congressman from Michigan, Ford had been appointed vice president less than a year earlier by President Nixon. He is credited with helping to restore public confidence in government after the disillusionment -
Federal Election Commission
The Federal Election Commision is an independent agency created in 1975 by the U.S. Congress to regulate election campaign France in the United States. The mission if the FEC i to administer and enforce teh Fderal Election Campaign act that governs the financing of federal elections. The duties of the FEC, which is an independent regukatory agency are to disclose campaign finance information to enforce the provisions of the law such as the limits and prohibitions on contributions, and to oversea -
Jimmy Carter’s Presidency
The Carter Center is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 1982 by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. He and his wife Rosalynn Carter partnered with Emory University just after his defeat in the 1980 U.S. Presidential elections. As the 39th president of the United States, Jimmy Carter struggled to respond to formidable challenges, including a major energy crisis as well as high inflation and unemployment.Carter’s diagnosis of the nation’s “crisis of confidence. for the boos -
Iran Hostage Crisis
On November 4, 1979, a group of Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking more than 60 American hostages.The immediate cause of this action was President Jimmy Carter’s decision to allow Iran’s deposed Shah, a pro-Western autocrat who had been expelled from his country some months. The source of tension between Iran and the U.S. stemmed from an increasingly intense conflict over oil. British and American corporations had controlled the bulk of Iran’s petroleum. -
Lionel Sosa
Sosa entered political advertising by supporting John Tower. With Sosa's support,Tower won 37% of the Hispanic vote. The previous Hispanic best vote percent for a statewide Republican candidate had been below 8%.The success of Sosa's agency in the Tower campaign led several national companies, including Bacardi,Coors, and Dr. Pepper to seek his advice for reaching the Hispanic audience In 1980 Sosa created a new Agency, Sosa and Associates which eventually became the largest Hispanic advertising -
Period: to
1980s
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A.I.D.S Crisis
The AIDS epidemic, caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), found its way to the United States as early as 1960 but was first noticed after doctors discovered clusters of Kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis pneumonia in young gay men in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco in 1981.Initially, infected foreign nationals were turned back at the U.S. border to help prevent additional infections. The number of U.S. deaths from AIDS have declined sharply since the early years of the disea -
Reagonomics
Reaganomics is a popular term used to refer to the economic policies of Ronald Reagan, the 40th U.S. president, which called for widespread tax cuts, decreased social spending, increased military spending and the deregulation of domestic markets. The four pillars of Reagan's economic policy were to reduce the growth of government spending, reduce the federal income tax and capital gains tax, reduce government regulation, and tighten the money supply in order to reduce inflation. Congress approve -
Music Television
By the late 1980s,MTV started airing nonvideo programming,geared toward teenagers and young adults.Its popular reality series The Real World launched in 1992 and was followed by such highly rated shows. MTV also debuted animated series including Beavis and Butthead and Celebrity Deathmatch, as well as documentaries, news, game shows and public service campaigns on topics ranging from voting rights to safe sex.Today,MTV’s music video programming is largely confined to one show,Total Request Live. -
Iran Contra Affair
The Iran-Contra Affair was a secret U.S. government arms deal that freed some American hostages held in Lebanon but also funded armed conflict in Central America. In addition, the controversial dealmaking and the ensuing political scandal threatened to bring down the presidency of Ronald Reagan.The scandal began as an operation to free seven American hostages being held iLebanon by Hezbollah a paramilitary group with Iranian ties connected to the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution. -
Reagan Doctrine
The Reagan Doctrine was a strategy orchestrated and implemented by the United States under the Reagan Administration to overwhelm the global influence of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Cold War. President Reagan pledged his support for anti-Communist revolutions in what would become known as the "Reagan Doctrine. Reagan began his foreign policy comments with the dramatic pronouncement that, “Freedom is not the sole prerogative of a chosen few. America’s “mission” was to “nourish. -
Challenger Explosion
The NASA space shuttle Challenger exploded on January 28, 1986, just 73 seconds after liftoff, bringing a devastating end to the spacecraft’s 10th mission. The disaster claimed the lives of all seven astronauts aboard, including Christa McAuliffe, a teacher from New Hampshire who would have been the first civilian in space. It was later determined that two rubber O-rings, which had been designed to separate the sections of the rocket booster.The tragedy and its aftermath received extensive media -
George H.W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993. Prior to assuming the presidency, Bush served as the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. on December 7, 1941, Bush postponed his university studies, enlisted in the U.S. Navy on his 18th birthday, and became the youngest aviator in the U.S. Navy at the time. He served until September 1945, then attended Yale University. Graduating he moved west tx. -
Period: to
1990s
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Election of 1992
The United States presidential election of 1992 had three major candidates: Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush Democrat Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton,and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot. The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 3,1992. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas. President George H. W. Bush independent businessman Ross Perot of Texas, and a number of minor candidates. -
World Trade Center Attack - 1993
On Feb. 26, 1993, an ugly new phase of terrorism was ushered in when Jordanian Eyad Ismoil drove Kuwaiti Ramzi Yousef and a 1,300-pound nitrate-hydrogen gas enhanced bomb also stuffed with cyanide into the parking garage below the World Trade Center in Manhattan. Abdel-Bari Atwan, the editor of the London-based al-Quds al-Arabi newspaper, said Islamic fundamentalists led by Bin Laden were "almost certainly" behind the attack of the World Trade Centre. Islamist extremists hijacked four planes. -
Welfare Reform
Welfare Reform is a movement to change the federal government's social welfare policy by shifting some of the responsibility to the states and cutting benefitskeeping the welfare systems affordable, and assisting recipients to become self-sufficient. Classical liberals, libertarians,and conservatives generally argue that welfare and other tax-funded.Socialists, on the other hand, generally criticize welfare reform because it usually minimizes the public safety net, and strengthens the capitalist -
Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
DOMA passed both houses of Congress by large veto-proof majorities and was signed into law by President Bill Clinton in September 1996. The Defense Marriage Act was a law that among other things prohibited married same-sex couples from collecting federal benefits Two years prior in 2013 the supreme court founded key provisions of the Defense Marriage Act. On Wednesday they declared that same-sex couples who are legally married deserved equal rights to the benfits under federal law. -
Barry Goldwater
Barry Morris Goldwater was an American politician, businessman, and author who was a five-term United States Senator from Arizona and the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in 1964.Despite his loss of the 1964 presidential election in a landslide, Goldwater is the politician most often credited with sparking the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960s. While he had supported other federal civil rights measures, Goldwater was vocal -
9/11 Attacks
On September 11, 2001, 19 militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda hijacked four airplanes and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the United States. Two of the planes were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, a third plane hit the Pentagon just outside Washington, D.C. and the fourth plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. Almost 3,000 people were killed during the 9/11 terrorist attacks, which triggered major U.S. initiatives -
2nd Iraq War
The United States, along with coalition forces primarily from the United Kingdom, initiates war on Iraq. Just after explosions began to rock Baghdad, Iraq’s capital, U.S. President George W. Bush announced in a televised address. President Bush and his advisors built much of their case for war on the idea that Iraq, under dictator Saddam Hussein, possessed or was in the process of building weapons of mass destruction. Hostilities began about 90 minutes after the U.S.-imposed deadline for Saddam -
Hurricane Katrina Disaster
Early in the morning on August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast of the United States. When the storm made landfall, it had a Category 3 rating on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale–it brought sustained winds of 100–140 miles per hour–and stretched some 400 miles across.The storm itself did a great deal of damage, but its aftermath was catastrophic. Levee breaches led to massive flooding, and many people charged that the federal government was slow to meet the needs of the people -
The Great Recession
The Great Recession which officially lasted from December2007 to June 2009 began with the bursting of an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble.The resulting loss of wealth led to sharp cutbacks in consumer spending Major causes of the initial subprime mortgage crisis and following recession include International trade imbalances and lax lending standards contributing to high levels of developed country household debt.The financial crisis was primarily caused by deregulation in the financial industry. -
Barack Obama
Barack Obama is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017. The first African American to assume the presidency, he was previously the junior United States Senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008. Raised largely in Hawaii, Obama also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. -
Affordable Care Act (ACA) “Obamacare”
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. The law has 3 primary goals Make affordable health insurance available to more people. The purpose of the Affordable Care Act, or ACA, is to make health insurance more affordable for those with little or no coverage.
