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Period: to
Progressive Era
The main objectives of the Progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption -
De Lôme Letter
The Spanish Ambassador to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lôme, criticized American President William McKinley by calling him weak and concerned only with gaining the favor of the crowd. -
The sinking of USS Maine
Many Americans assumed the Spanish were responsible for the Maine's destruction. Yellow Journalism. -
Start of the Spanish American War
The United States emerged as a world power as a result of victory over Spain in the Spanish American War. The United States emerged as a world power. The United States gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico. -
Hawaii Annexation
Hawaii was of importance to the military effort because of its location. The U.S. Navy needed the islands for refueling ships that were going to the Philippines. -
Platt Amendment
Part of the 1901 Army Appropriations. Saying America would "leave the government and control of the island of Cuba to its people." -
Roosevelt became president
He was the first progressive president -
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
A novel written to portray the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities. -
Gentlemen's Agreement
an informal agreement between the U.S. and the Empire of Japan that the U.S. would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigration, and Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States. -
Rise of Dollar Diplomacy
a form of American foreign policy to further its aims in Latin America and East Asia through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries.
Highly ineffective -
16th Amendment ratified
An important amendment that allows the federal government to collect an income tax from all Americans -
Period: to
WW1
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Sinking of the RMS Lusitania
German U-boat torpedoed the British-owned luxury steamship Lusitania, killing 1,128 people including 128 Americans
Set off a chain of events that eventually led to the United States entering World War I. -
18th Amendment ratified
Prohibition -
Period: to
First Red Scare
Caused by fear and suspicion of immigrants and foreigners fueled by WW1 propaganda techniques, widespread labor unrest, the rising tide of Communism and a series of terrorist attacks in the homeland. -
Zimmermann Note
a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico claiming in the event that the United States entered World War I against Germany, Mexico would recover Texas, Arizona and New Mexico -
Selective Service Act
authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through a draft -
Espionage and Sedition Acts
Allowed the Espionage Act to cover a broader range of offenses, like speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds -
Schenck v. United States Case
ruled that the freedom of speech in the U.S. Constitution could be restricted if the words spoken or printed represented to society a “clear and present danger.” -
Period: to
Harlem Renaissance
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Period: to
Roaring 20s
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Treaty of Versailles
The most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end
Required the surrender of all German colonies as League of Nations mandates, the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France, and cession of Eupen-Malmedy to Belgium, Memel to Lithuania, the Hultschin district to Czechoslovakia. -
19th amendment
Gave women the right to vote -
Dawes Plan
A plan to resolve the World War I reparations that Germany had to pay, that had strained diplomacy following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles. -
Wall Street Crash
a major stock market crash. It continued until October 29, 1929, when share prices on the New York Stock Exchange collapsed. -
Hawley Smoot Tariff
Increased 900 import tariffs by an average of 40 to 48 percent
The purpose was to support U.S. farmers who had been ravaged by the Depression.
Most economists blame it for worsening the Great Depression. -
Bonus Army marches on DC
Although the march of the Bonus army was not very successful, the veterans were paid out earlier than what was initially agreed upon. Congress passed the Adjusted Compensation Payment Act in 1936, paying over $2 billion to veterans of WW1. -
F.D. Roosevelt enacts first phase of New Deal
1933–34 Attempted to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression through programs of agricultural and business regulation, inflation, price stabilization, and public works. -
Indian Reorganization Act
aimed at decreasing federal control of American Indian affairs and increasing Indian self-government and responsibility -
Pearl Harbor
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Japanese internment camps began (Executive Order 9066)
the policy of the U.S. government that people of Japanese descent would be interred in isolated camps -
Battle of Midway
The United States Navy defeated a Japanese attack against Midway Atoll, marking a turning point in the war -
D-Day
the Allied landings on the Normandy beaches marked the start of a long and costly campaign to liberate north-west Europe from German occupation. -
Social Security Act
established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped.