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The Treaty Of Versailles Is Signed
This treaty ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to the war five years ago. The treaty involved both parties and their allies to accept the responsibilities of the loss and damage they both caused to each other, this later became known as the War Guilt clause. -
The First Meeting Of The League Of Nations
The first worldwide intergovernmental organization that had a mission of maintaining world peace. Issues and related treaties involved were labour conditions, treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, worldwide health and protection of minorities. However, they were proved incapable of preventing aggression later on. -
The Washington Conference Is Held
The Washington Conference was an international conference was held by the US to limit the naval arms race and sort out security agreements. A Four-Power Pact was signed by the US, Great Britain, Japan and France. -
Benito Mussolini Is Made Italian Premier
He was against the Italian government for being weak against the Treaty of Versailles, so he organized a paramilitary unit called the “Black Shirts” that terrorized political people and influenced Fascism. He claimed that only he could restore the order of the government, and so he was given the authority of prime minister. -
The Beer Hall Putsch
Hitler, Ludendorff and numerous armed paramilitary BrownShirts marched in on a meeting at the beer cellar where they took Kahr, Lossow and Minch police chief Hans, forced them to support his order of a national revolution and told them to follow him and Ludendorff to Berlin for Benito Mussolini’s March on Rome. -
Vladimir Lenin Dies
He was the leader of the October Revolution and first leader and founder of the Soviet Union that died at age 53 after falling into a coma. However, his cause of death was from an incurable disease involving the blood vessels. -
The Cartel Des Gauches Wins The French Election
The Socialist Party, which usually disdained association with the bourgeois parties of the right, joined an electoral alliance with the Radicals, who had dominated pre-war ministries. Together they formed the Cartel in opposition to the Bloc National, the right-wing nationalist group elected at the end of World War I and defeated it in the elections of May 11, 1924. -
The German Chamber Of Deputies Accepts The Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan of 1924 was formulated to take Weimar Germany out of hyperinflation and to return Weimar’s economy to some form of stability. It restructured the schedule of German reparations payments to reduce the amount of annual payments, and grants Germany a large loan. The Dawes Plan got its name as the man who headed the committee was an American called Charles Dawes. The Treaty of Versailles imposed huge reparation payments on Weimar Germany to pay the damage caused by World War One. -
The Locarno Pacts Are Signed
The Locarno Pact of 1925 was an agreement signed on 1st December 1925 between Britain, France, Belgium, Italy and Germany. Stresemann believed that through signing the Pact, it would increase confidence in Germany amongst her own people but also other European powers. The three main aims to secure borders of the nations of Europe after the First World War, ensure the permanent demilitarisation of the Rhineland and allow Germany into the League of Nations. -
Joseph Pilsudski Becomes Virtual Dictator In Poland
Józef Piłsudski, in full Józef Klemens Piłsudski. After leading a coup d’état in 1926, he rejected an offer of the presidency but remained politically influential while serving as minister of defence. He was a Polish revolutionary and statesman, Field Marshal, first Chief of State and virtual dictator of the Second Polish Republic, as well as the leader of its armed forces -
(Cont.) The Samuel Commission In England Releases Its Report On Coal Mining
It was Britain’s first general strike and sparked fear in the country that revolution was waiting in the wings. After less than a fortnight, the strike was broken with little violence having taken place. The damage to the Trade Union movement was more far-reaching and trust between Trade Unions, workers and politicians was never the same. -
The Samuel Commission In England Releases Its Report On Coal Mining
The Samuel Commission, under the Conservative government, releases a report which advises wage cuts for miners. The Triple Alliance responds by striking, which is emulated by many other industries in England to protest he Conservative government's policies. The miners, backed by workers from other industries, staged a strike to protest against proposals to cut their wages and lengthen their hours. -
The Spanish Monarchy Is Overthrown And The Republic Is Born
On April 14, 1931 the Spanish monarchy was declared overthrown and a provisional government took power and was established. Used to take Spain from monarchy to republicanism. In the ensuing years, the government became increasingly divided between the socialists of the extreme left and the monarchists of the extreme right. -
General Gyula Gombos Comes To Power In Hungary
General Gyula Gombos was born in december 26 1886 in hungary and died in october 6 1939. He was known for his anti-semitic veiw as well as his role in spreading the facisim. He became the minister of defense in 1929 where he organised an army against king charles 4. He became premier in oct 1, 1939 where he started a dictatorship. -
The Final League Of Nations Disarmament Conference Is Held
During the disarmament conference which as held in geneva in February 1932 to discuss the reduction in armaments. Germany already was limited by the treaty of Versailles and demanded the other states also lower their to match Germany's and in the event that they refused Germany also claimed to have the right to its army. France which feared Germany’s possible advances and suggested that security should come before disarmament. -
(Cont.) The Final League Of Nations Disarmament Conference Is Held
A few days after Hitler got into power and determined to re-arm refused any offer that would not result in german having equal arms with the other countries. -
1,140,000 Communist Party Members Are Expelled By Stalin
Stalin ordered a systematic purging of the party. During this period new members were not allowed to join and a revision committee was created. The revision committee had specific criteria to judge party members against, every communist had to report to the committee. The committee had been designed in order to see who would be a defect and every deemed defect would be killed or sent to the labour camps. -
Hitler Is Appointed Chancellor Of Germany
Hitler’s journey to power began in 1919 where Hitler joined the NAZI party. The NAZI party were known for anti-marxism, anti postwar-weimar republic and the treaty of versailles. Despite this Hilter was appointed chancellor by Paul von Hindenburg after a series of elections. -
The German Reichstag Passes The Enabling Act
The enabling act gave the German cabinet the power to make laws without the reichstag (the lower house). This gave hitler absolute power. Using this power Hitler introduced the reichstag fire decree which transferred state powers to the reich and removed most civil liberties. -
Leon Blum's Popular Front Government Comes To Power In France
The popular front is a collection of left wing parties (communist, socialist and radical socialist) coming together. The popular front won the french election and became the government lead by Leon Blum. Leon Blum was a disciple of Jean Jaures and became his successor. He was Jewish. -
he Spanish Nationalists Begin The Spanish Civil War
During the 1930s, Labor unrest was widespread due to economic hardships and in February 16, 1936, the election brought the leftist popular front government to power. In response to the election, the fascist and extreme-right forces attempted to overthrow the government in July 1936 which then caused Spanish civil war. -
Spanish Nationalists Bomb Guernica
The bombing of Guernica happened in 1937, lasted for 3.5 hours, burned down the city for three days, killed and wounded for one third of the population. It was an aerial bombing carried out by Francisco Franco’s rebel Nationalist Faction, the Nazi German Luftwaffe’s Condor Legion and the Fascist Italian Aviazione Legionaria under the code name ‘Operation Rugen’. This event inspired Picasso into painting the Guernica painting which will become one of his best known work. -
(Cont.) The Munich Pact Is Signed
However, Prime Minister Chamberlain did not want to go to war therefore from the 30th of September 1938, Czechoslovakia ceased to exist. -
The Munich Pact Is Signed
eptember 1938, British and French Prime ministers Neville Chamberlain and Edouard Daladier signed the Munch Pact giving away Czechoslovakia to Nazi leader Adolf Hitler. Before this event, Germany recently had possession over Australia and the next step for his ‘Greater Germany’ plan was to conquest Czechoslovakia. Knowing this, the Czechoslovak government hoped that Britain and France would assist them in the event of German invasion. -
The Spanish Civil War Ends
On March 28 1939, the victorious Nationalist entered Madrid in triumph and ended the Spanish Civil War. The republican lost and it’s leader attempted to negotiate peace but was never accepted. This war caused the loss of millions of lives and it was recorded as the most devastating event in the Spanish History -
Britain And France Declare War On Germany
September 3rd 1939, Britain and France declare war on Germany for the invasion of Poland. At 1115 BST Britain Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain announced the expired deadline for the withdrawal of German troop from Poland. This war happened due to the promise that Britain and France gave to Poland, this promise was made on March 1939, pledging to support Poland in the events of German Invasion.