-
Period: 200 to
Maya Civilization
Advances such as writing, epigraphy, and the calendar did not originate with the Maya; however, their civilization fully developed them. -
Period: 224 to Apr 8, 651
Sasanid Empire
Was the last pre-Islamic Persian Empire, Is considered to have been one of Persia's/Iran's most important and influential historical periods, and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. Played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asiatic medieval art. -
Period: 330 to Apr 8, 1453
Byzantine Empire
During its existence, the Empire remained one of the most powerful economic, cultural, and military forces in Europe, despite setbacks and territorial losses. -
Period: 330 to Apr 8, 1453
Constantinople
Istanbul was Constantinople
Now it's Istanbul, not Constantinople
Been a long time gone, Constantinople
Now it's Turkish delight on a moonlit night Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.The Turks have called the city Istanbul since they conquered it in 1453. -
Apr 8, 622
Foundation of Islam
Muhammad was a trader later becoming a religious, political, and military leader. However, Muslims do not view Muhammad as the creator of Islam, but instead regard him as the last messenger of God, through which the Qur'an was revealed. Muslims view Muhammad as the restorer of the original, uncorrupted monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. In Muslim tradition, Muhammad is viewed as the last in a series of prophets. -
Apr 8, 661
Split of Sunni and Shi'ite
The religious schism in the Muslim faith over the succession of the right to lead. Shi'ites do not acknowledge the right of the Umayyad caliphs to rule, whereas Sunnis do. -
Period: Apr 8, 661 to Apr 8, 750
Umayyad Caliphate
At its greatest extent, it covered more than five million square miles, making it one of the largest empires the world had yet seen -
Period: Apr 8, 711 to
Muslims Conquer Spain
We do not know where the Muslim force landed, what resistance they met, and what parts of Spain did they actually conquer. Anyhow it is clear that the Muslims did conquer some parts of Spain during the caliphate of Uthman. Presumably the Muslims established some colonies on the coastland of Spain. There are reasons to presume that these Muslims entered into trade relations with the rest of Spain and other parts of Europe. -
Period: Apr 8, 742 to
Charlemagne
Was the king of the Franks who started the Holy Roman Empire. -
Period: Apr 8, 750 to Apr 8, 1513
Abbasid Caliphate
It flourished for two centuries, but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish army it had created, the Mamluks. Within 150 years of gaining control of Persia, the caliphs were forced to cede power to local dynastic emirs who only nominally acknowledged their authority. The Abbasids' rule was briefly ended for three years in 1258, when Hulagu Khan, the Mongol khan, sacked Baghdad, resuming in Mamluk Egypt in 1261, from where they continued to claim authority in religious mat -
Period: Apr 8, 1017 to Apr 8, 1325
Seljuk Turks
They ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to 14th centuries. Their empire was known as Great Seljuk Empire that stretched from Anatolia to Pakistan. The Seljuks also fought the Christians in the First Crusade.The Seljuks were one of the cultural ancestors of the Western Turks, -
Period: Mar 8, 1095 to Apr 8, 1293
Crusades
Holy wars declared by Pope Urban II against the Muslims in an effort to reclaim Palestine and Jerusalem. Resulted in increased cultural diffusion and the development of the High Middle Ages (demand for new goods increased)
First Crusade 1095–1099
Second Crusade 1147–1149
Third Crusade 1187–1192
Fourth Crusade 1202–1204
Fifth Crusade 1217–1221
Sixth Crusade 1228–1229
Seventh Crusade 1248–1254
Eighth Crusade 1270
Ninth Crusade 1271–1272
Northern Crusades -
Period: Apr 8, 1138 to Mar 4, 1193
صلاح الدين يوسف بن أيوب
Saladin led Islamic opposition to the Franks and other European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, and Yemen. He led the Muslims against the Crusaders and eventually recaptured Palestine from the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. -
Period: Apr 8, 1162 to Apr 8, 1227
Чингис Хаан
Genghis Khanwas one of the world most powerful military leaders ever, who joined with the Mongol tribes and started the Mongol Empire. His children and his grandchildren etc. passed down his throne and started the largest empire in the world. Genghis Khan's grandson, Kublai Khan, was the first ever emperor of the Yuan Dynasty in China. No one knows where the burial site of Genghis Khan is. He was a Mongol Emperor who was very successful in battle, killing many enemies, such as the J -
Period: Apr 11, 1200 to Apr 11, 1573
Inca Civilization
Under the leadership of the descendants of Manco Capac, the Inca state grew to absorb other Andean communities. In 1442, the Incas began a far-reaching expansion under the command of Pachacutec. He founded the Inca Empire or Tahuantinsuyo, which became the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The empire was split by a civil war. In 1533, Spanish Conquistadores led by Francisco Pizarro, took advantage of this situation and conquered much of the existing Inca territory. -
Period: Apr 8, 1206 to Apr 8, 1324
Mongol Invasions
Progressed throughout the 13th century, resulting in the vast Mongol Empire which covered much of Asia and Eastern Europe by 1300. -
Period: Apr 8, 1206 to Apr 8, 1527
Delhi Sultanate
Is a term used to cover five short-lived Islamic kingdoms or sultanates of Turkic origin in medieval India, which ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty. The five dynasties were the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khilji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). -
Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
Is one of the most celebrated documents in English history. It solved, at the time, a conflict between King John and his main men: the barons and bishops. It had great influence on later English law. In the longer term, it is recognised as a cornerstone of the idea of the liberty of citizens. -
Period: Apr 8, 1235 to Apr 8, 1493
Mali Empire
The Mali Empire had many profound cultural influences on West Africa, allowing the spread of its language, laws and customs along the Niger River. The Mali empire extended over a large area and consisted of numerous vassal kingdoms and provinces. -
Period: Apr 8, 1250 to Apr 8, 1517
Mamluks
Soldiers of slave origin. Took hold of the Egyptian sultinate and beat back the mongols and fought the Crusaders. -
Period: Apr 11, 1300 to
Renaissance
"Rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture in the arts and intellectual pursuits. -
Period: Apr 11, 1300 to
Aztec Civilization
Civiliation in central Mexico. Polytheists. The last great Mesoamerican culture before the Europeans arrived. -
Period: Apr 8, 1312 to Apr 8, 1337
Mansa Musa
King of Mali who made an extravagant journey to Mecca and built mosques everywhere. -
Period: Apr 8, 1336 to Feb 18, 1405
Timur
Founder of the Timurid Dynasty, he sought to restore the Mongol Empire. -
Period: Apr 8, 1337 to Apr 8, 1453
Hundred Years War
Huge war over who should rule France between people who held claimto the french throne and people who held claim to the french and english throne. -
Period: Apr 8, 1368 to
Ming Empire
Came immediately after the Mongols and wanted to get rid of all signs of Mongol rule. Strict government, reestablishment of civil service exams, and the demand of tribute from surrounding states. -
Period: Apr 8, 1371 to Apr 8, 1435
Zheng He
Eunuch admiral who led seven exploratory voyages for the Ming Empire. Established tributaries in Southeast Asia, Ceylon, India, the Persian Gulf, Arabia, and the East African coast. Ming emperors abruptly pulled funding and destroyed his nautical charts and such. -
Apr 8, 1436
Gutenberg Press
Gutenberg made skillful use of the knowledge of metals he had learned as a craftsman. He was the first to make type from an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony, which was critical for producing durable type that produced high-quality printed books and proved to be much better suited for printing than all other known materials. Gutenberg is also credited with the introduction of an oil-based ink which was more durable than the previously used water-based inks. As printing material he used both paper -
Period: Jan 22, 1440 to Oct 27, 1505
Ivan III of Russia
Ruler who greatly extended Russian territory, ended tribute payments to the Mongols, and married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, thus making possible claim to the Byzantine succession. -
Period: Apr 8, 1493 to
Songhai Empire
Another African power involved in Trans-Saharan trade. -
Establishment of the Holy Roman Empire
The collection of city-states come under an alligence and work as an empire, rather than seperate countries. -
Period: to
Sui Empire
Imperial Chinese Dynasty which unified Chine in the 6th century. Ended four centries of division, went through reforms to try and close the gap between rich and poor, coinage was standardized, defensive improved, the Great Wall was expanded and Buddhism spread in the empire. -
Period: to Apr 8, 1279
Song Empire
It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a permanent standing navy. This dynasty also saw the first known use of gunpowder, as well as first discernment of true north using a compass. -
Period: to Apr 8, 1235
Ghana Kingdom
Trans-Saharan trade made it prosperous: traded gold, ivory, slaves. Islam spread to Ghana through trade routes. -
Period: to Apr 8, 1349
Kievan Russia
-
Period: to Apr 12, 1349
Kievan Russia
The state existed from approximately 880 to sometime in the middle of the 13th century when it disintegrated. It is considered that the Mongol invasion of 1237–1240 greatly contributed to that effect. -
Period: to
Tang Empire
Regarded as a high point in Chinese civilization. Greater territory than the Han, a period of progress and stability (mostly), and greatest age of poetry. Great time of innovations, including woodblock printing. Art and culture flourish, while the cnetral government declines.