-
Berlin Conference convenes to discuss terms for African colonization
In 1884 at the request of Portugal, German chancellor Otto von Bismark called together the major western powers of the world to negotiate questions and end confusion over the control of Africa. Bismark appreciated the opportunity to expand Germany's sphere of influence over Africa and desired to force Germany's rivals to struggle with one another for territory. -
European trade with Africa becomes well established
In 1850, the Europeans had established a solid system of trade with the Africans. The untapped supply of raw materials in Africa would be invaluable to advancing any European country's own industrial revolution. This also was in their favor because it allowed them to begin the process of extending their empires and would convert many Africans to Christianity -
East India Company collapses due to Sepoy Rebellion; British Raj begins
There was much unrest among the Indian Sepoy in the 1850s. The final straw came in '57, when a rumor began that the cartridges of their new Enfield rifles were greased with beef - which was sacred to the Hindus - and pork - which was not to be eaten by Muslims.The two groups were outraged, and almost 90 of them refused to use them in battle. British officers jailed those who disobeyed, causing a rebellion the next day. Known as the Sepoy Mutiny, a group of sepoy marched to Delhi, where met by a -
Suez Canal links the Mediterranean and Red Seas
Isma'il helped rebuild the Suez Canal. This canal connected the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. It helped trade but allowed the British to control Egypt. -
Queen Liliuokalani takes the throne of Hawaii
On January 16, 1893, United States Marines from the U.S.S Boston surrounded the palace of Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii. The Queen was informed that a “provisional government” composed of American citizens had been established until such time as the island nation could be annexed by the United States. Queen Liliuokalani peacefully yielded power to avoid bloodshed and put her faith in the government of the United States to restore sovereignty to its peaceful Pacific trading partner. The story -
Ethiopians defeat the invading Italians at the Battle of Adwa
Led by the clever leader Menelik II, who pinned the British and French against each other by having competing treaties with both of them, the Ethiopians face the Italians who attempted to trick Menelik, as Italy was going to have a treaty with Menelik, who actually hired a translator before signing the treaty, as the translator told him that the treaty in Italian differed from the treaty in Menelik's language and the Italian treaty made Menelik give up some of Ethiopia. -
Spanish-American War breaks out; Puerto Rico, Spain, and thePhilippines taken from Spain
Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the Filipino nationalists claimed that the United States promised them independence after the Spanish-American war. America and the Philipines plunged into a struggle in 1899 but the Americans defeated them in 1902, tthen promising to "prepare" them for self rule by ruling over them. -
Boer War in South Africa
South Africa had many natural resources such as gold and diamonds. This caused many different countries to try and take over South africa. The Boers tried to keep the foreigners out. The mostly blamed the British for intruding so they started a war. This was the first war to be fought with gorilla warfare. Britain put many South Africans into concentration camps. 14000 people died.Then England won and South Africa became the union of South Africa -
Most of Africa is under European control
After the Berlin conference, European nations scrambled to colonize Africa. By 1914, the entire continent of Africa was under European control except for Ethopia and Liberia.