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American Civil War (1861-1865)
Battle between The Union and The Confederacy -
Homestead Act
In 1862 160 acres was promised to people who settled land in the west with means to help westward expansion -
13th amendment
Slaves gain the right to freedom -
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Reconstruction
Period of reconstructing the damage caused by the American Civil War -
14th amendment
Anyone born(freed) in the U.S. gain citizenship -
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
Transcontinental Railroad aided in product production and shipment,created new jobs, and helped the west catch up to its norther competitors -
Industrialization Begins to Boom
The U.S. sees a boom in manufacturing and industry work -
15th amendment
All African American men gain the right to vote -
Boss Tweed rise at Tammany Hall
William Tweed known as "Boss" Tweed, was an American politician known for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall but his reign ended when he was caught embezzling money from his clients at his law office for legal activities and was found guild of larceny and forgery -
Telephone Invented
Invention of the telephone made production and trade less of a hassle and communication easier -
Reconstruction Ends
Post-American Civil War slavery was abolished and Blacks gained some rights but it caused animosity within the Southern states causing the creation of Jim Crow -
Jim Crow Laws Start in South (1877)
After the Civil war and 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were passed the south enacted Jim Crow Laws -
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The Gilded Age
Economy starts to boom in the Northern and Western states -
Light Bulb Invented
The invention of the light bulb aided the industrial revolution creating longer work hours -
3rd Wave of Immigration
Immigrants from western and northern Europe immigrated in large numbers money, political, and religious reasons -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Federal law signed on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers -
Pendleton Act
The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act made it mandatory for some government employees to be chosen by competitive exams instead of relationships to other politicians, and made it illegal to fire or demote some government officials for political and personal reasons -
Dawes Act
Natives are forced into reserved lands called reservations where they're forced to assimilate into white American norms -
Interstate Commerce Act
Federal law that regulated the railroad industry and its monopoly style of business -
Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth
Article written by Andrew Carnegie in 1889 where he discussed his ideology that the rich were morally obligated to take care of the poor. -
Period: to
Progressive Era
During the late 1800s and early 1900s widespread political reform an activism across the U.S. pursuits to reform the corruption of the Gilded Age -
Klondike Gold Rush
Gold found in Alaska brought in many immigrants to the Yukon looking for a new way to make money -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Sherman Antitrust Act is and antitrust law that regulates competition among enterprises -
Homestead Steel Labor Strike
A strike at the Homestead works in 1882 stated in an effort to stop management from giving the workers a "yellow-dog contract" -
Pullman Labor Strike
Pullman Palace Car Company cut more than 2,000 workers and reduced wages by 25 percent during the a depression causing workers to go on strike -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Court case rules in favor of Jim Crow -
Period: to
Theodore Roosevelt
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Pure Food and Drug Act
Set of laws protecting consumers after "The Jungle" by Upton Sinclair exposed the conditions of meat packaging factories to the public -
Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle"
A book written by Upton Sinclair that exposed the terrible working conditions and food storage for immigrant workers in the Chicago meat packaging industry an other industries alike -
Ford Model-T
First Assembly line made automobile. The Model-T brought transportation to new bounds now people other than the rich could drive cars. It lead to over crowding in city streets -
16th Amendment
Congress can levy a taxes on income from any source without dividing and allocating it among the states and without regard to the census -
Federal Reserve Act
Law that created the Federal Reserve and established it as the central banking system of the U.S. -
Trench Warfare
War tactic commonly used in World War 1 where both sides dig trenches this created a stalemate -
Poison gas
Mustard gas was used in chemical warfare when inhaled you would slowly die and those who didn't would end up with deformities such as blindness, loss of limbs, or permanent nerve damage -
Machine Guns
Machine Guns became a stepping stone out of the stalemate of trench warfare -
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World War I (1914- 1918)
Global war that was caused by aggressions from European countries -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand caused countries to create alliances and declare war against each other(The start of WWI) -
Sinking of the Lusitania
A ship that was sunk in WWI by German U-boats. Was the catalyst that pushed the U.S. into WWI -
Zimmerman Telegram
In 1917 a telegram from Germany arrived to the German Secretary in Mexico but before it was caught by the telegram service in Britain and They told the U.S. -
Russian Revolution
A revolution from 1917-1918 that overthrew the Czar and brought the Bolsheviks into power this was the creation of communism -
U.S. entry into WWI
After multiple acts of aggression from Germany the U.S. is forced to assert their power and go into WWI against Germany and the Central powers -
Battle of Argonne Forest
Final acts of war in WWI leading up to armistice these lasted for 47 days -
Woodrow Wilsons 14 points
President Woodrow Wilson created a plan for peace after WWI -
Armistice
The cease fire between the Allied and Central power to stop WWI -
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty between Germany and the allied powers where Germany accepted full responsibility for the war and agreed to pay all expenses of the war. The U.S. opposed the treaty -
19th Amendment
Amendment that states that no state can deny the right to vote to a citizen based on sex -
President Harding's "Return to Normalcy"
After WWI President Warren G. Harding wanted too return back to normal and the only way of doing that was isolationism. The U.S. choose to stay neural and refused to get into international conflicts not matter who asked them to join. This caused the U.S. economy to boom. -
Harlem Renaissance
After The Great Migration to the north Harlem became a beacon for black Americans to express themselves, make new forms of art, and to prosper as a community -
Red scare
during the 1920's there was widespread fear of communism in the U.S. -
Period: to
The Roaring Twenties
Right after WWI the U.S wanted to return to normal but due to the effects of war that just wasnt possible this era was marked by change in fashion, societal norms, and Prohibition -
Teapot Dome Scandal
Warren G. Harding is accused of takin bribes from oil companies -
Joseph Stalin Leads USSR
After Vladimir Lenin's death Joseph Stalin comes in power taking over the USSR -
Scopes "Monkey" Trial
Trial that put the teachings of Darwin's evolution against the Christian Bible -
Charles Lindbergh’s Trans-Atlantic Flight
First man to fly non stop across the Atlantic Ocean -
St. Valentine’s Day Massacre
Multiple members of the Chicago's North Side Gang were massacred by 4 men that dressed up as cops -
Stock Market Crashes “Black Tuesday”
After stocks drove widespread selling of stocks causes the stock market to crash -
Period: to
The Great Depression
After a sudden crash in the what was once booming economy widespread job loss and poverty swept the U.S. -
Hoovervilles
Sporadic settlements made out of trash because of the the extreme poverty in the U.S. -
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
In efforts to reduce foreign imports in the U.S. economy to stimulate the U.S. economy -
100, 000 Banks Have Failed
After the stock market crash people wen ton bank runs but when they got there the banks had already loaned their money out o they had to shut down -
Agriculture Adjustment Administration (AAA)
The AAA provided direct payments to farmers who agreed to reduce their production of certain crops -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Created to give the U.S. citizens trust in the banking system and government -
Public Works Administration (PWA)
The PWA paid construction workers to build dams, ports, and other huge “public works.” -
Period: to
Franklin D. Roosevelt
When elected President in 1933 he brought in new plans for Relief, Recovery, and Reform called New Deal programs -
Period: to
New Deal Programs
During President Roosevelt's first term he created a the New Deal programs to help pull the U.S. out of the depression -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
The SSA provided money for retired workers, people who lost their jobs, dependent children, and those with disabilities. -
Dust bowl
Between poor farming techniques and droughts a huge dust storm went over the Great Plains -
United Nations (UN) Formed
After WWII the UN was formed to correct the mistakes of the League of Nations from WWI to maintain peace between nations -
Germany Devided
After WWII it was decided that to keep Germany from recuperating and starting another war that Germany should be divided into four zones(East Germany(Great Britain), West Germany(USSR), Bavaria(U.S.), and Rhineland(France) ) -
Truman Doctrine
The U.S. decides to give help to at risk of Soviet Russia's spread of communism -
22nd Amendment
Presidents can only run for 2 terms in office -
Period: to
Cold War
A unspoken tension between the Soviet Union and the US -
Marshall Plan
A $15 billion plan to help Western Europe rebuild and recover after WWII -
Berlin Airlift
The Allied powers and USSR had zones inside of Berlin but they needed to get through the USSRs zone to get supplies to their people when the USSR blocked the Allied Powers the U.S. and Great Britain airlifted supplies over the blockade to prevent conflict between the nations -
Arab-Israeli War Begins
Military conflicts between Israeli and various Arab forces -
NATO is formed
NATO is formed to protect countries against the Soviet union -
Kim Il-sung invades South Korea
North Korea invades South Korea to bring together both countries under one communist government -
Period: to
Korean War
War Between North and South Korean because of the spread of Communism -
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg Execution
After being convicted of espionage for cooperating with the Soviet Union Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were executed they plead innocent even during their execution -
Vietnam Independence but Country Split at 17th Parallel
Japans occupation of Korea ends they create North and South Korea at the 17th Parallel -
Ho Chi Minh Established Communist Rule in North Vietnam
Ho Chi Min is the communist ruler of North Korea -
Warsaw Pact Formed
Warsaw pact created a military alliance between the Soviet Union and multiple European countries -
Rosa Parks Arrested
Rosa Parks is arrested in Montgomery, Alabama for not giving up her seat to a white man on the bus -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
After Rosa Parks is arrested in Alabama a city wide boycott is held in Montgomery, Al -
Period: to
Vietnam War
Communist North Vietnam and some South Vietnamese citizens want to reunite the country under Communism -
Sputnik I
During the race to space between the U.S. and the Soviet Union Sputnik I was successfully launched by the Soviet Union -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Federal government makes segregation illegal in all public areas -
Little Rock Nine
After Brown v. Board of Education nice Black students are chosen to integrate into Little Rock Central Highschool -
Kennedy versus Nixon TV Debate
1st election broadcasted on national television the media heavily influenced voting -
Chicano Mural Movement Begins
Chicano artist across the U.S. create murals that depict Chicano culture -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Failed attempt by the Kennedy administration to over throw Fidel Castro -
Peace Corps Formed
JFK started the Peace Corps an organization of young Americans who went to 3rd world countries to provide humanitarian services and provide stability. -
Affirmative Action
An order to ensure that applicants are treated equally from all backgrounds -
Period: to
John F. Kennedy
Democratic President elected in 1961 at the age of 42 with his Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Kennedy was the only Catholic ever elected President -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Russia supplied Cuba with missiles directly facing the U.S. -
Sam Walton Opens First Walmart
Sam Walton opens the first Walmart in Rogers, Arkansas -
Kennedy Assassinated in Dallas, Texas
President John F Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald -
George Wallace Blocks University of Alabama Entrance
Alabama Governor George Wallace blocks University of Alabama Entrance to stop Black students from attending -
The Feminine Mystique
Said to be the drive behind women going into the work force the book The Feminine Mystique discusses women's frustrations with being forced to cater to their families -
March on Washington
Massive protest against discrimination in the U.S. -
Period: to
Lyndon B. Johnson
After President JFK is assassinated Lyndon B. Johnson takes over in 1963 -
The Great Society
Lyndon B Johnsons fight to end poverty. The Great Society was Johnson’s vision for a more perfect and equitable nation. -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
After Johnson notifies Congress of 2 naval vessels being attacked in international water by North Vietnam Congress permits Johnson to send troops without an official declaration of war it was found later that only 1 attack actually happened -
Israeli-Palestine Conflict Begins
Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories is the world’s longest military occupation in modern times -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex -
24th Amendment
poll taxes and voting requirements are illegal -
Malcom X Assassinated
• Malcom X is assassinated in New York by The Nation of Islam -
United Farm Worker’s California Delano Grape Strike
Filipino grape farm workers walk out on strike because of bad working conditions and terrible pay -
Six Day War
Israel crippled the Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian militaries, having killed over 20,000 troops while only losing less than 1,000 of their own -
Thurgood Marshall Appointed to Supreme Court
Thurgood Marshall is appointed as the first black justice on the Supreme Court -
Tet Offensive
North Vietnam attacks South Vietnam on a day designated for peace -
My Lai Massacre
On a "search and destroy mission" the town My Lai that was located in Vietcong jurisdiction was massacred by U.S. soldiers because they were suspected of harboring Vietcong soldiers -
Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated
Martin Luther King Jr. is Assassinated in Memphis, TN -
Vietnamization
Nixon's plan to gradually remove U.S. troops from Vietnam (His administration bombed innocent neighboring countries ex. Laos; Cambodia ) -
Woodstock Music Festival
Music Festival held on a diary farm in New York -
Draft Lottery
Due to there being too many unfilled spots and a wide spread anti-war movement in the military a draft is enacted -
Manson Family Murders
A cult called "The Family" ran by Charles Manson a man masquerading behind the peaceful façade of a hippie murders multiple people one of which is famous actress Sharon Tate -
Apollo 11 (1969)
First successful spaceflight that put humans on the moon -
Period: to
Richard Nixon
Though he lost the presidential race against Kennedy Nixon gets put in office in 1969 -
Invasion of Cambodia
Nixon sends troops to take over a Vietcong military operation in Cambodia -
Kent State Shootings
During an anti-war protest at Kent State the coast guard is comes in and kills 4 Kent State students -
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Agency that monitors air and water pollution and review construction impacts on the environment before approving it -
Pentagon Papers
The New York Times gets ahold of secret government documents that expose the government of lying to the citizens and they publish them The New York Times is taken to court and wins on the basis of freedom of press -
26th Amendment
Congress passes amendment to allow 18 year old's to vote on the basis that if they can join the military they can vote for the future of their country -
Policy of Détente Begins
Nixon's policy to increase trade and cooperation with foreign nations -
Period: to
Jimmy Carter
Jimmy Carter was the 39th U.S. President -
Nixon Visits Communist China
Nixon travels to Communist China to mend relationships -
Watergate Scandal
Nixon’s administration tries to cover up Nixon’s involvement with the break in at DNC headquarters -
Title IX
Discrimination on the basis of sex is prohibited in all schools nation wide -
War Powers Resolution
Created to make Congress able to prohibit the sending of troops to fight without an official declaration of war after Presidents abused the privilege -
Engaged Species Act
Act that protects endangered animals and their habitats -
Roe v. Wade
Abortion is ruled legal nation wide by the federal government -
OPEC Oil Embargo
OPEC imposes an embargo against the US causing a world wide shortage because the US sold oil to the Israeli military -
First Cell-Phones
Creation of the first wireless handheld phone -
Ford Pardons Nixon
After Nixons resignation after the Watergate Scandal President Gerald Ford pardons him -
United States v. Nixon
After news on Nixons Watergate Scandal is exposed he's taken to trial to face punishment -
Period: to
Gerald Ford
Gerald Ford was the 38th U.S. President -
Fall of Saigon
After the Nixon administration left South Vietnam to fight by themselves their Capital is quickly overrun by North Vietnam and they're reunited under communist rule Vietnam is still communist today -
Bill Gates Starts Microsoft
Bill Gates founds Microsoft -
National Rifle Associate (NRA) Lobbying Begins (
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Steve Jobs Starts Apple
Steve Jobs founds Apple -
Community Reinvestment Act of 1977
Act to make the banking system more accessible to all people -
Camp David Accords
Negotiations between Egypt and Israel held by President Jimmy Carter -
Period: to
Iran Hostage Crisis
After Iran captured the U.S. embassy 52 Americans were held hostage for 444 days -
Conservative Resurgence (1981)
The “New Right” endorsed school prayer, war on drugs, lower taxes, cut spending, a smaller government, free-enterprise, and a stronger military -
“Trickle Down Economics” (1981)
Regan’s economic plan to cut spending in social programs to help reduce taxes -
War on Drugs
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AIDS Epidemic
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Sandra Day O’Connor Appointed to U.S. Supreme Court
-
Period: to
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Regan is the 40th U.S, President -
Marines in Lebanon
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Iran-Contra Affair
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The Oprah Winfrey Show First Airs
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“Mr. Gorbachev, Tear Down This Wall!”
Speech made by President Reagan in West Berlin (1987) calling for Soviet Union to open the barrier which divided West and East Berlin since 1961. -
End of Cold War
The war between the U.S. and The USSR end(Berlin wall comes down) -
Berlin Wall Falls
-
Period: to
George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush is the 41st President -
Iraq Invades Kuwait
Iraq Invades Kuwait on Aug 2, 1990 – Aug 4, 1990 because irag accused Kuwait of stealing oil -
Germany Reunification
-
Period: to
Persian Gulf War
War waged coalition forces from 35 nations led by US against Iraq (Saddam Hussein) invasion and annexation of Kuwait. -
Soviet Union Collapses
The fall of the USSR -
Operation Desert Storm
Offensive operations launched against Iraq -
Rodney King
Rodney King was beaten to death after a highspeed chase in Los Angeles -
Period: to
Bill Clinton
Clinton is the 42nd president of the US -
NAFTA Founded
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Contract with America
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O.J. Simpson’s “Trial of the Century”
Famous American football player Orenthal James Simpson is sent to trial for killing his wife and her lover -
Bill Clinton’s Impeachment
Bill Clinton is impeached on counts of perjury for lying about his affair to the federal courts -
War on Terror
After 9/11 America is on high alert looking for suspected terrorists -
USA Patriot Act
-
Period: to
George W. Bush
Bush was the 43rd president US -
Period: to
George W. Bush
-
Period: to
War in Afghanistan
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9/11
4 planes are hijacked by members of an Islamic extremist group Al-Qaeda hitting the Twin Towers in New York, The Pentagon, and a field -
NASA Mars Rover Mission Begins
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Period: to
Iraq War
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Facebook Launched
Facebook is launched by Mark Zuckerberg -
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina makes landfall in Louisiana and destroys the city og New Orleans -
LaiLynn Aiyanna Mingo
LaiLynn is born in Houston Texas -
Saddam Hussein Executed
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Iphone Released
The first Apple iPhone is released by Steve Jobs -
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
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Hilary Clinton Appointed U.S. Secretary of State
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Sonia Sotomayor Appointed to U.S. Supreme Court
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Period: to
Barack Obama
Barack Obama is the 44th President of the US and the 1st Black President of he US -
Arab Spring
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Osama Bin Laden Killed
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Space X Falcon 9
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Donald Trump Elected President
Donald Trump is elected as the 45th President of the US
