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A new colony in North America
King James I of England gave the Virginia Company of London the charter to establish a new colony in North America. -
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Southern Colonies Characteristics
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
-Hot weather
-Wealthy landowners with large plantations of tobacco or cotton
-They owned black slaves
-They lived near the cost (as did the other colonies) -
Jamestown settlement
Four months after leaving England, landed at Cape Henry in Virginia on April 26, 1607. Upon reaching Virginia they founded the settlement of Jamestown, it was the first permanent English settlement in North America. -
Tobacco saved Virginia
The plant that saved Virginia was tobacco. In 1613 it was sent to England for the first time. Soon most of the Virginia settlers were busy growing tobacco, It was even used as currency. -
Virginia’s government changed
In 1619, Virginia’s government changed: The House of Burgesses were elected representatives from the various settlements in Virginia and served as advisors. -
Slavery
A ship with 20 captured black Africans arrived. They were sold as servants to work in the tabacco fields. -
The New England Colonies
the Pilgrims, a group that came to America to find religious freedom. They were Puritans, who disagreed with the teachings of the Catholic church. They wanted the Church of England to be more “pure”. They arrived in Plymouth and found Plymouth Colony. -
The New York Colony
The Province of New York was an English colony in North America and was founded in 1626 by the Duke of York and other colonists on Manhattan Island.
The New York Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. -
Massachusetts Colony
The Massachusetts Colony was founded in 1630 by John Winthrop and other Puritans, at Massachusetts Bay.
The Massachusetts Colony was classified as one of the New England Colonies. -
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Northern Colonies (New England Colonies) Characteristics.
Centered in Massachusetts.
Connecticut
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
-Most were small farmers and craftsmen
-Others were fishers
-Others (Boston) depended on trade -
Maryland Colony
The Maryland Colony was founded in 1633 by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore and other colonists, at Baltimore.
The Maryland Colony was classified as one of the Southern Colonies. -
The South Carolina Colony
The South Carolina Colony was founded in 1633 by eight English nobles with a Royal Charter from King Charles II. North and South Carolina were one colony until 1729.
The South Carolina Colony was classified as one of the Southern Colonies. -
The Rhode Island Colony
The Rhode Island Colony was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams and other colonists, such as Anne Hutchinson at Providence.
The Rhode Island Colony was classified as one of the New England Colonies. -
The Connecticut Colony
The Connecticut Colony was founded in 1636 by Thomas Hooker and other colonists, at Hartford.
The Connecticut Colony was classified as one of the New England Colonies. -
The New Hampshire Colony
The New Hampshire Colony was founded in 1638 by Captain John Mason and John Wheelwright and other colonists.
The New Hampshire Colony was classified as one of the New England Colonies. -
The Delaware Colony
The Delaware Colony was founded in 1638 by Peter Minuit and New Sweden Company.
The Delaware Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. -
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Middle Colonies Characteristics.
Delaware
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
New York
-The biggest were New York and Pennsylvania
-Most people were farmers
-Philadelphia, the capital of Pennsylvania, was home of merchants and traders. By 1770, it was the largest city in America.
-New York also depended on trade
-The people in these colonies were more tolerant
-German, Dutch, Swedish ancestors -
The North Carolina Colony
The North Carolina Colony was founded in 1653 by the Virginia colonists.
The North Carolina Colony was classified as one of the Southern Colonies. -
The New Jersey Colony
The New Jersey Colony was founded in 1664 by Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret.
The New Jersey Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. -
The Pennsylvania Colony
The Pennsylvania Colony was founded in 1682 by William Penn and other colonists.
The Pennsylvania Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. -
The Georgia Colony
The Georgia Colony was founded in 1732 by James Oglethorpe and other colonists.
The Georgia Colony was classified as one of the Southern Colonies. -
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French and Indian War/ Seven years war
Both wanted the land west of the Appalachian mountains (good for farming)
The English won and captured Quebec and Montreal
France had to give the English all the land east of the Mississippi river
1763 the war was ended by the peace of paris. -
The Independence War
The colonists accepted British rule until 1760s -
The Sugar and Stamp Act
Like the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act was imposed to provide increased revenues to meet the costs of defending the enlarged British Empire. -
The Stamp Act
It was Passed by the British Parliament to raise money for the defense of the colonies.
The colonists had to buy special tax stamps and attach them to newspapers, pamphlets, licenses and legal papers. -
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Events That Led to The American Revolution
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The Townshend Acts
The Townshend Acts were a series of measures, passed by the British Parliament, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies. But American colonists, who had no representation in Parliament, saw the Acts as an abuse of power. The British sent troops to America to enforce the unpopular new laws, further heightening tensions between Great Britain and the American colonies. -
The Boston Massacre
Five colonists were killed by British troops during a street fight between a mob of Boston citizens and British soldiers who were occupying the city. This event became known as the Boston Massacre. -
Withdrawing of the Stamp Act
Parliament repealed the Townshend Acts, except the duty on tea. -
The Tea Act
The Tea Act was imposed to collect an import tax on tea. This legislation gave the British East India Company a monopoly, as American merchants were bypassed and undersold. -
The Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a political protest at Griffin’s Wharf in Boston, Massachusetts. American colonists, frustrated and angry at Britain for imposing “taxation without representation,” dumped 342 chests of tea, imported by the British East India Company into the harbor. -
the Intolerable /Coercive Acts
the British made a set of laws to punish Massachusetts. Boston harbor was closed to all trade until the tea was paid for. The British sent more soldiers to keep order. -
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The American Revolution
the battles of Lexington and Concord kicked off the armed conflict. -
The Battles of Lexington and Concord
Tensions had been building for many years between residents of the 13 American colonies and the British authorities, particularly in Massachusetts. On the night of April 18, 1775, hundreds of British troops marched from Boston to nearby Concord in order to seize an arms cache. A confrontation on the Lexington town green started off the fighting, and soon the British were hastily retreating under intense fire. Many more battles followed. -
Declaration of Independence adopted
The Continental Congress cut off all ties to Britain. The Declaration of Independence was issued (4th July, 1776) by Thomas Jefferson. It officially named the colonies “The United States of America”. It sent the basis for a new form of government. -
The British captured New York
Americans were close to losing the war, they were not disciplined soldiers. -
France joined the war
American forces captured the British army at Saratoga. The soldiers were captured and then sent back to England. Benjamin Franklin (ambassador to France) convinced France to join in the war. -
France and the United States form an alliance
France and the United States form an alliance
The French had secretly furnished financial and material aid to the American since before, but with the signing in Paris of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance, the Franco-American alliance was formalized. -
Battle of Camden
The British, led by General Charles Cornwallis, soundly defeated the Americans in the Battle of Camden. This victory served to strengthen the British hold on South Carolina. -
Siege of Yorktown
After winning a costly victory at Guilford Courthouse, Washington’s army and a force under the French Count de Rochambeau placed Yorktown under siege, and Cornwallis surrendered his army of more than 7,000 men. -
the Articles of Peace
Britain and America signed the Articles of Peace. This preliminary treaty ended the American Revolution and granted the United States of America land east of the Mississippi River. -
Treaty of Paris ends the war
After the British defeat at Yorktown. By its terms, Britain recognized the independence of the United States with generous boundaries, including the Mississippi River on the west. Britain retained Canada but ceded East and West Florida to Spain. -
The U.S. Constitution was approved
Congress asked for a Constitutional Convention to be held. It was led by Washington. The original purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation. After some debates, they issued the Constitution of the United States, which proposed a new system of government: a federal government. The power to rule is shared between a central power and local governments. -
First meeting of the United States Congress.
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George Washington
George Washington was inaugurated as the first president of the United States. -
First factory
The first factory opened in the US. -
Bill of Rights
Ten amendments were added to the Constitution, because the original one said nothing about the rights and freedoms of individual citizens. The Bill of Rights granted the right to religious freedom, freedom of speech, the right to carry arms, to stand trial by jury and protection against cruel punishments. -
Looking For New Markets
the Americans were looking overseas for new markets. they expand across the pacific ocean towards east Asia. -
Louisiana Purchase
President Thomas Jefferson buys the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million (because Napoleon needed money to fight against Britain). This doubles the size of the United States and provides a large area to the west of the country for expansion. -
Lewis and Clark reach the Pacific Ocean
The explorers were Lewis and Clark, who arrived to the Pacific Ocean. This became known as the Oregon Trail. -
Congress banned slave ships coming from Africa.
The South needed slaves to work their fields of tobacco, rice and cotton. The North was colder and farms were smaller, so slaves were not needed.
Some northerners also opposed slavery for moral reasons: they were abolitionists. -
The Missouri Compromise.
It was decided that slavery would be permitted in Missouri and Arkansas but banned in lands to the west and north of Missouri. -
Indian Removal Act
Congress passes a law to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing in any of the states or territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi". -
Battle of the Alamo
In 1832, a powerful Mexican general named Santa Anna took control of the government. The Texans (called "Texians" at the time) didn't like the new ruler. They rebelled and declared their independence on March 2, 1836. Santa Anna gathered an army to march on Texas and take it back. -
The Trail of Tears
It was the name the Cherokee used to describe to the 1000 mile route, or trail, that they were forced to travel, from their homelands in the Southeastern United States to reservations in present day Oklahoma, as a result of the 1830 Indian Removal Act. -
Oregon Trail
It was the Important route taken by settlers from the east migrating to build a new life in the western part of the United States. It stretched for around 2,000 miles and through six different states including Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon. -
Manifest Destiny
Many people in the United States believed it was the country's destiny to expand westward all the way to the Pacific Ocean. This belief became known as the Manifest Destiny. -
Texas becomes a U.S. State
the United States Congress passed a "Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States" and Texas was subsequently admitted it to the Union as the 28th state. but this quickly led to the Mexican-American War -
Oregon Treaty
England signs the Oregon Treaty handing over the Oregon Territory to the United States. -
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Mexican-American War.
It ended in 1848 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in which the United States paid Mexico $15 million for land that would later become California, Texas, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and parts of several other states. -
Fugitive slave act
Easier for the southern to capture slaves who escaped from their masters. Bounty hunters chase black people and returned them to their masters.
This act angered northerners. Some refused to accept it. Other started providing help to fugitives. -
Congress ended the Missouri compromise
- Congress ended the Missouri Compromise and let Kansas decide whether to own slaves or not. A race for the control of Kansas began: there was so much killing and violence that the state started to be called “bleeding Kansas”. Neither side won the struggle.
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Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln (Republican, anti-slavery) was elected President of the US. -
Secession
Eleven southern states announced that they were now an independent nation: The Confederate States of America.
Confederacy: Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Mississippi, Virginia, Texas, Tennessee, Oklahoma, along with the provisional governments of Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. -
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American Civil War
American Civil War, also called War Between the States, four-year war (1861–65) between the United States and 11 Southern states that seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. -
Civil War Begins
Apr 12,
Confederate forces under General P.G.T. Beauregard bombard Major Robert Anderson and his Union soldiers at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. The Civil War officially begins. -
Preliminary Emancipation
Lincoln issues a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which declares his intention to free all slaves in any new territory captured by the Union Army -
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation. It frees all slaves in territory captured by the Union Army, and orders the enlistment of Black soldiers. From this point forward, the Civil War is a war over slavery. -
Plans for Reconstruction
At the end of May, President Andrew Johnson announced his plans for Reconstruction, which reflected both his staunch Unionism and his firm belief in states’ rights. -
Slavery was abolished
Slavery was abolished.
President Lincoln was assassinated. -
Black Codes
which were designed to restrict freed blacks’ activity and ensure their availability as a labor force. -
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Reconstruction
Reconstruction (1865-1877), the turbulent era following the Civil War, was the effort to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million newly-freed slaves into the United States. -
the Freedmen’s Bureau and Civil Rights Bills
Congress passed the Freedmen’s Bureau and Civil Rights Bills and sent them to Johnson for his signature.
Both were intented to ensure black people´s rights in the south. -
14th Amendment
which broadened the definition of citizenship, granting “equal protection” of the Constitution to former slaves, before they could rejoin the Union. -
Reconstruction Acts
After the North defeated the South in the Civil War, politicians faced the task of putting the divided country back together.
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 laid out the process for readmitting Southern states into the Union -
The Fourteenth Amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment (1868) provided former slaves with national citizenship, and the Fifteenth Amendment (1870) granted black men the right to vote. These were only the first steps, however, toward reconstructing the fragmented nation. -
the 15th Amendment
Congress approved the 15th Amendment, which guaranteed that a citizen’s right to vote would not be denied “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” -
Reconstruction Governments
All of the former Confederate states had been admitted to the Union, and the state constitutions during the years of Radical Reconstruction were the most progressive in the region’s history -
Only three states had Reconstrution Governments
By 1876, only Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina were still in Republican hands. -
The Compromise of 1876
The Compromise of 1876 marked the end of Reconstruction as a distinct period, but the struggle to deal with the revolution ushered in by slavery’s eradication would continue in the South and elsewhere long after that date. -
A century later
A century later, the legacy of Reconstruction would be revived during the civil rights movement of the 1960s, as African Americans fought for the political, economic and social equality that had long been denied them.
