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1415
Prince Henry's Caper
Prince Henry wanted to," capture the main Muslim trading depot," because he was jealous. (22) -
Period: 1415 to
History of Racism and Antiracism
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1450
Zurara
In his book, Zurara said that he,"enslaved Africans supposedly for the purpose of saving their wretched souls." (24-25) -
1450
The World's First Racist
Zurara was the first man to be known as the World's First Racist. He was the "first one to write about and defend Black Human ownership." (25) He basically supports Black Human ownership/slavery. -
1450
First Known African Racist
Zurara was known as the first African racist, he said "Africans were hypersexual savages," (26-27). -
1577
George best
George Best said "It couldn't have been climate that made darker people inferior, and instead determined that Africans were, in fact, cursed." (30) -
Enslaved Africans
No one cared about the enslaved Africans, "It was harvest over humanity." (37) They made excuses for not baptizing slaves, saying they were savages and they can't be loved. -
Richard Baxter
Richard Baxter believed that "Africans who wanted to be slaves so that they could be baptized."(39) -
John Locke
John Locke believed that "the most unblemished, purest, perfect minds belonged to Whites, which basically meant Africans had dirty brains." (39) -
Lucilio Vanini
Lucilio believed "Africans were born from a 'different Adam,' and had a different creation story." (40) It was like saying Africans weren't human and that they are a different species like Aliens or monsters. -
Zurara-Cotton Mather
Cotton Mather saw himself as" The defender of God's law and the crucifier of any non-Puritan, African, Native American, poor person, or woman who defied God's law by not submitting to it."(51) -
Cotton Mather
After the Salem witch hunt died down, the authorities apologized to the people that were accused. Yet Cotton Mather" Never stopped defending the Salem witch trials, because he never stopped defending the religious, slaveholding, gender, class, and racial hierarchies reinforced by trails." (49-50) -
Jonathan Edwards
The enslavers were becoming more opened to the idea of only saving the souls of the enslaved, till "First great awakening, which swept through the colonies in the 1730s, spearheaded by a Connecticut man,"(53). -
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin made a "Club for smart (White) people." In the "Enlightenment era, light was seen as metaphor for intelligence." (57) -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson" Went to build his own plantation, in Charlottesville, Virginia, putting money over morals," (58). -
Phillis Wheatley
Phillis' adoptive father" Got eighteen of the smartest men in America together in Boston so that they could test her."(60) Wheatley proved that black people weren't stupid and this information helped people that were antislavery. -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson "wrote in the declaration of antiracist sentiment saying that slavery was a 'cruel war against human nature,' but that part, and parts like it, were edited out by the other, more established delegates." (69) -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson agreed with" Slavery only as an economic system." (69) -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson "Was telling his slaves to work harder, and on the other hand he was telling abolitionists that there was nothing he wanted more than an end to slavery." (71-72) -
Gabriel and Nancy Prosser
The Prossers "Were planning a slave rebellion, recruiting hundreds of slaves to revolt in Virginia,"(79-80). Hundreds of enslaved people were suppose to march on Richmond, but two cynical slaves snitched so it never happened. -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson started to "breed" enslaved people and" Forcing their men and women slaves to conceive children so that they, the owners, could keep up with all the farming demands of the Deep South," (82-82). -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson became the president and" He brought about a new slave trade act. The goal was to stop import of people from Africa and the Caribbean into America, and fine illegal slave traders," (81-82). The act did nothing and did not help to stop the domestic slavery. -
Robert Finley
Robert Finley's American Colonization Society was still" Functioning at full throttle, trying to get freed slaves to go back to Africa and set up their own colony,"(94). -
William Lloyd Garrison
Garrison was working as "An editor of a Quaker-run abolition-a freedom in steps,"(95). -
David Walker
David had written a pamphlet,"Arguing against the idea that black people were made to serve White people," (96). -
Samuel Morton
Samuel measured human skulls and,"determined that White people had bigger skulls and therefore greater intellectual capacity,"(106). -
Frederick Douglass
Frederick wrote a book,"It outlined Douglass's life and gave firsthand account of the horrors of slavery,"(103). -
Frederick Douglass
Frederick also wrote about"Many others, including one about enslaved women,"(104). -
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet wrote a book called" Uncle Tom's Cabin," and the moral of the story is," We all must be slaves... to God. And since docile Black people made the best slaves (to men), they made the best Christians ," 111. -
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet's book " Uncle Tom's Cabin" became widely known and Harriet," became the J.K. Rowling of slave books,"(112). -
Abraham Lincoln
After Abraham lost to Stephan Douglass, he"Started to preach that slavery needed to end-but not because of the human horror. Because if labor was free, what exactly were poor White people expected to do to make money,"(111). -
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham,"wanted slavery gone. Black people liked that. On the other hand he didn't think Black people should necessarily have equal rights. Racists loved that. And then on the third hand, he argued that the end of slavery would bolster the poor White economy, which poor White people loved,"(117). -
Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln was" Against Black voting. Lincoln was against racial equality. Lincoln and the party pledged not to challenge southern slavery," (112). -
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham changed opinions and,"started to preach that slavery needed to end-but not because of the human horror. Because if labor was free, what exactly were poor White people expected to do to make money?"(117) -
Abraham Lincoln
After the bill has passed," Lincoln was labeled the Great Emancipator, but really, Black people were emancipating themselves,"(115). -
Abraham Lincoln
When the Civil war ended, Lincoln said that," Blacks (intelligent ones) should have the right to vote,"(117). -
William Lloyd Garrison
William believed that,"Emancipation was imminent, his job as an abolitionist was done,"(118). -
Abraham Lincoln
When Civil war ended, Abraham" delivered his plans for reconstruction. That Blacks(the intelligent ones) should have the right to vote,"(123). -
Andrew Johnson
Andrew" did everything he could to keep Black people as "free" slaves. In response, Black people had to Fight to build their own institutions,"(128). -
Andrew Johnson
Andrew had,"reversed a lot of Lincoln's promises, allowing Confederate states to bar Blacks from voting,"(126). Which is preventing Black people from voting. -
Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus fought" for the redistribution of land to award former slaves forty acres to work for themselves,"(127).Thaddeus like the other antiracists, fought for rights. Thaddeus wanted former enslaved people to have 40 acres of land as a reward. -
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson did everything he could to"Keep Black people as 'Free' slaves,"(121). -
Ida B. Wells-Barnett
Ida was investigative journalist, she published a pamphlet saying," only a third of Black men lynched had actually 'ever been charged with rape, to say nothing of those where innocent of the charge.'"
