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Period: Jan 28, 622 to Jan 28, 630
Prophet Information from 1-8 AH
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Jun 13, 622
Migration from Makkah to Medina
Mohammad (pbuh) was 53 when he decided to travel to Medina. The Quraysh we're planning on coming to Makkah to attack him and try to destroy Islam. So Mohammad, Abu Bakr, and some of his followers escaped from Makkah and started their journey to the city of Yathrib, 320 kilometres (200 mi) north of Mecca. Before they got their, they stopped in a city called Quba. A week after, they reached the city of Yathrib,
later renamed as Medina, which means city. -
Feb 11, 624
Change of Qibla
For the first sixteen months after hijra, the Qibla for the muslims has been in the direction of Jerusalim. But Allah (swt) ordered the Prophet (pbuh) to switch it to the direction of Makkah. Scholars say this is because at first it was in Jersalems direction because the propher thought this would incline the Jews towards him. But he saw no progress with them, so he changed to the direction of Makkah to focus on the Arabs.
Also during this year, the Muslims began to fast in the month of Ramadan -
Mar 13, 624
The Battle of Badr
The Battle of Badr was the first large battle fought between the Muslims and the Quraysh. Mohammad found out that the richest trade caravan commanded by Abu Sufyan was travelling to Mecca. Mohammad gathered an army of 313 men. In that caravan were the muslims belongings taken from them during the migration. The Muslim army marched towards Badr, and found out the Meccan army was on its way. The battle begins on the 13th when they both reach Badr. (Doesnt fit, contiues on next event) -
Mar 13, 624
Continued- The Battle of Badr
The battle begins with the 3 strongest warriors from both army's fighting against each other. So Hamza approached forward and called on Ubayda and Ali to join him. They all killed their opponents and it was very victorious. After that the rest of the 2 army's stated attacking each other with arrows. A few people were killed.Then they started fighting more roughly, The Muslims ran to the Qurayshi line, which frightened them and they retreated. The battle didn't last for that long. The Muslims won -
Mar 23, 625
Battle of Uhud
This battle was between the Muslims leaded by Mohammad, and the Meccans leaded by Abu Sufyan on Mount Uhud. The Meccans wanted to avenge their loss at the battle of Badr and set off to Medina to fight.The Muslims prepared for war and set off to Mount Uhud. The Muslims were outnumbered, they had between 700-1000 men, and the Meccans had 3,000. During the battle, the Muslims forced Meccan lines back which made their camp unprotected, the Muslims seemed as if they were going to win... (continued) -
Mar 23, 625
Continued- Battle of Uhud
But a huge mistake was made by a part of the Muslims Army. Mohammad (pbuh) ordered them to stay in their assigned positions, but after they saw they were close to winning, they left their territory to go and attack the camp. A surprise attack from the Meccans led by Khalid ibn al-Walid. This caused many death to muslims, even Muhammad himself was badly injured. The muslims had to retreat, but the Meccans didn't keep fighting, they went back to Mecca declaring victory. -
Mar 31, 627
Continued- Battle of trench
The Leader of the Jews named Amr jumped over the trench and challenged the muslims to a duel. Ali accepted the challenge and they fought very violently. In the end Ali defeated Amr yelling "Allahu Akbar" The rest of the army tried hard to jump over the trench but failed. They didn't have a plan since the trench was a surprise to them. The Jews persuaded Banu Qurayza to join their side, Mohammad didnt see this coming so he sent back warriors to Medina... (continued -
Mar 31, 627
Continued- Battle of the Trench
Because thats where they were planning to attack. Mohammad got a visit from Nuaym ibn Masud, an Arab leader, who helped him by creating problems between the confiderates. He told 2 different stories to Banu Qurayza and Abu Sufyan which caused distrust between them, and they couldnt work together. The confiderates lost hope in winning and slowly retreated, the muslims beseiged banu qurayza's neighborhoods and they surrendered. The muslims won -
Mar 31, 627
The Battle of the Trench
The Battle of the Trench, also known as The Battle of the Confiderates was a battle that lasted for a forenight located on the surroundings of Medina, fought by the Muslims and the Jews. The army of the Jews had around 10,000 men, while the Muslims only around 3,000. The outnumbered muslims dug a trench around their camp to stop the enemies from attacking them. The Muslims would shoot arrows at the enemies at the other side of the trench which was very effective. (continued...) -
Continued- Treaty of Hudaybiyah
and tell them they have no intention of fighting against them. But Umar refused to go alone, he thought Uthman Bin Affan should go, and he did. The Quraysh weclomed him and let him perform Umrah, but he said he would only do it with the rest of the muslims. . This was not acceptable to the Quraysh, they arrested him. Later they released him and sent Suhayl bin Amr to make a treaty with the muslims. After long decisions, they came to a treaty which was very unfair to the muslims (continued..) -
Continued- Treaty of Hudaybiah
but Mohammad (pbuh) still agreed to it. The main things were that Mohammad would not perform Umrah that year, but next year. There would be peace between Quraysh and Muslims for 10 years. Any makkan wanting to join the muslims can, but a muslim wanting to join quraysh is welcome. Quraysh would not even let Mohammad refer to him as the prophet, and made him write his name instead. They later broke the treaty leading to the Conquest to Mecca -
Continued- Battle of Khaybar
and surrender their wealth. And the muslims would not hurt the jews. One of the captured jewish women was Safiyya bint Huyayy which Mohammad made his wife. Another women named Zeynab bint Al-Harith tried poisening the prophet by posiening a peice of lamb. she put the most poison into the shoulder; Muhammad's favorite part of lamb. He sensed it was poisened and spit it out, but one of his companions died. They then killed her. The victory of khaybar made a lot of people convert to Islam. -
Continued- Conquest of Makkah
and thats what they decided. So as the treaty was cancelled, Mohammad assembled his army. He deicded to do an surprise attack on Quraysh. The army set off to Makkah and stopped at Merr ad-Dharan in the north of Makkah to rest, The prophet ordered everyone to light a fire.Abu Sufyan left Makkah to investigation the Muslims attack, when he saw the fires and realized he was in their camp. He went back to Makkah and warned everyone they were coming. (continued -
Treaty of Hudaybiyah
During late February, Mohammad and 1400 of his followers decided they wanted to visit Makkah to perform Umrah. When they got close to Makkah, Mohammad was informed that the Meccans aren't allowing him to enter. They stopped near a well in a place called Hudaybiyya north of Makkah. The Prophet sent a message to the Quraysh that he only wanted to perform Umrah and leave, The Quraysh did not agree. Eventually, the Prophet ordered Umar bin al-Khattab to go speak to them (continued..) -
Battle of Khaybar
This was a battle between the muslims and the jews fought in khaybar. The jews heard of the treaty of hudaybiyah and decided to get Arab tribes between Khyber and Medina to attack the Muslims. Mohammad decided to put an end to this and set off with his followers to Khaybar. They were able to capture most fortresses, except al-Qamus. They tried to attack but failed, ThenMohammad picked Ali to go and conquor them, and he did. Khaybar then surrendered. They agreed to evacuate the area.. (continued -
Conquest of Makkah
Mecca was conquered by the Muslims on 11 December 629. In 628, Mohammad and the Quraysh made a treaty to be peaceful. They were both allowed parties that would retaliate if they faced agression, so Banu Bakr joined Quraish, and Khuza‘ah joined Muhammed. Banu Bakr without concern of the treaty attacked Khuza'ah, and Quraysh helped them. Kuhza'ah informed the prophet and seeked help from them. The prophet sent a letter to Quraysh giving them 3 options, and 1 was to cancel the treaty(continued) -
Continued- Conquest of Makkah
The muslims attacked from all the sides of Makkah so the Quraysh could not escape. Mohammad didn't want to fight unless the Quraysh attacked. When they entered Makkah they did it peacfully, but some of the Quryash gathered up men and started attacking, after losing a dozen men, they gave ground. Later that night, Abu Sufyan joined Islam, he told Mohammad that his gods were powerless and the only god was Allah. The idols were broken, and Mohammad set a truce between the tribes.
