Process of Incorporation

  • Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad Company v. City of Chicago

    Chicago condemned a spot where the Railroad Co. wanted to build. compensation was awarded to the property owner, but only one dollar was given to the company. This actually complied with the 14th amendment.
  • Gitlow v New York

    The socialist in question was rightfully arrested, due to speaking out about overthrowing the government.
  • Near v. Minnesota

    This case declares Minnesota's law in defaming higher ups in press is in violation of the 1st amendment.
  • DeJonge v. Oregon

    DeJonge v. Oregon
    Someone at a Communist meeting addressed a flaw in how jailing conditions were met. During the meeting, the police raided the location where it was being held, and arrested DeJonge for criminal syndicalism. It was decided in court that Oregon's syndicalism statute violated the due process clause in the 14th amendment.
  • Cantwell v. Connecticut

    Jehovah's Witnesses were encountering a Catholic neighborhood, in which they preached about their religion, which had anti-Catholic messages. They argued that arresting them went against their 1st amendment, in which it did.
  • Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing

    Everson filed a lawsuit against the Board for indirectly supporting religion in schools, which supposedly has violated the first amendment.
  • In re Oliver

    an undercover grand jury member accused someone. which went against the 14th amendment since there was no proper due process or trial.
  • Edwards v. South Carolina

    Protesters were arrested after not obeying orders and ending their peaceful gathering. Thanks to the first amendment, they were innocent.
  • Robinson v. California

    A jury found the defendant addicted to drugs under the California statute and found him guilty. This was classified as cruel and unusual punishment, as this breached the eighth amendment.
  • Ker v. California

    Like Mapp v. Ohio, there was an "illegal" search conducted and used as evidence. However, this did not violate the fourth amendment due to it being within reason, in which would have been likely found at another time.
  • Gideon v. Wainwright

    This case decided that everyone must have a lawyer, even if they aren't able to afford one. This violated the 6th amendment--not having a lawyer and such.
  • Malloy v. Hogan

    This case gave the 14th amendment protection against the fifth amendment and self incrimination.
  • Pointer v. Texas

    Texas wanted to use evidence against Pointer for allegedly robbing a 7-11 in a preliminary hearing without being represented. As it turned out, the use of the transcripts against Pointer violated the sixth amendment.
  • Miranda v. Arizona

    This case, cops interrogated Miranda, which went against the fifth amendment since he wasn't informed of his rights beforehand.
  • Washington v. Texas

    Two people were convicted of the same crime, in which one of them wanted to testify the other one. However, the state statute prevented this from happening. They claimed that this was a violation of their 6th amendment right, in which it was agreed upon by the supreme court.
  • Klopfer v. North Carolina

    A lower court denied someone the right to a speedy trial by indefinitely postponing the case, which violated the 14th and 6th amendment.
  • Benton v. Maryland

    Benton got accused of the same crime twice by two different juries. This went against the fifth amendment and was double jeopardy.
  • Duncan v. Louisiana

    A black teen was seen "assaulting" another teen, and was sentenced to jail time without trial. This broke the right to trial (6th amendment.
  • Rabe v. Washington

    Rabe was showing an explicit movie at a drive-in.tried in court, although obscene, it didn't really fall under the same context as past cases dealing obscenity. The state's statute didn't mention anything under fair notice about location, so he was held innocent.
  • Argersinger v. Hamlin

    Argersinger v. Hamlin
    A man in Florida was arrested for a misdemeanor: committing concealed carry of a firearm. He didn't have an attorney to represent him in trial since it was a misdemeanor--not a crime. This was violating the sixth and fourteenth amendments, so he rightfully required an attorney.
  • McDonald v. Chicago

    After gun bans in Chicago, McDonald brought this to court, as a recent case that was similar deemed that gun bans breached the 2nd and 14th amendment. This was true, as the judges voted 5-4 in favor of reversing the ban.
  • Timbs v. Indiana

    Timbs had his car that he bought a few months before the committed felonies get taken from him by the state. This was argued that this violated the eighth amendment, However, The state's [Indiana] laws undermined this reasoning, and did technically have the right to evict his car, despite it heavily outweighing his fines financially.