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1. INDEPENDENCE OF SOUTH AMERICA
When Fernando VII returned
to the throne in 1814,
patriotic military campaigns
subsisted in Venezuela and
the Río de la Plata. In the
first, Simón Bolívar -Member
of the Caraqueña boards of
1811- was named new military
leader, and in 1813 he liberated Mérida and Caracas in the so-called
Admirable Campaign, cities that gave him the title of "Liberator", -
4. ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, AND URUGUAY
The first Junta of Buenos Aires organized three military campaigns
to subdue the Spanish forces in the interior, but they were not successful.
A revolution spontaneously broke out in Asunción and
the government remained independent. This is how the Republic of Paraguay
was created.
The Oriental Republic of Uruguay, fed up with its disappointments with the centralism of Buenos Aires, and after the War with Brazil (1825-1828),
establish itself as an independent entity in 1828 -
5. INDEPENDENCE OF CHILE
San Martín no se desanimó y
decidió continuar con sus planes,
tuvo que liberar
Chile. El cruce fue épico,
se reunieron menos
de un mes después en el Valle de Aconcagua y aunque sufrió una grave
derrota en Cancha Rayada (19-03-1818), triunfó en la batalla decisiva
de Maipú (5-04-1818), asegurando la independencia de Chile. -
2. NEW GRANADA AND VENEZUELA
Morillo regained control of Venezuela, Nueva Granada, but Bolívar and other Venezuelan leaders reactivated the war. Bolívar faced and defeated morillo dungeon, morillo counterattack and defeated bolívar in V. Aragua. Bolívar crossed the Andes and defeated the royalists in battle P. Vargas sealed the independence of New Granada. Morillo and Bolívar sign the treaty ending the “war of death”, after the royalist army was defeated, the final victory for Venezuela's independence -
6. PERU
San Martin
sailed from Valparaíso (20-08-1820)
with a fleet of eight warships and 16
transport ships, and 4,500 men of
the armies of the Andes and Chile. That
landed in Pisco (8-09-1820), and forced the royalist army to retreat towards
the range.
San Martin declared
independence (07-28-1821) and was appointed Protector of Peru with full civil rights
and military authority. -
3. INDEPENDENCE OF ECUADOR
Let us remember how the independence of
Guayaquil was proclaimed (9-10-1820), the
arrival of the patriot army commanded by
Antonio José de Sucre, and his triumph in
Pichincha (05-24-1822), which ended
the independence of Gran Colombia. also, that Bolívar defeated
the realistic grasses in the battle of
Bomboná, and triumphantly entered Quito (06/16-1822) and waited
the President of Peru, General José de San Martín, to discuss the strategy for
end the war against the royalists -
7. SAN MARTIN AND BOLIVAR
At their meetings in Guayaquil, Bolívar, Libertador and
president of Gran Colombia, and San Martín, protector of Peru, spoke of what
was missing to complete the freedom of America: the defeat of the last royalist
bastion in Peru. Surprisingly, San Martín gave Bolívar the initiative of the war
completely. He returned to Lima, resigned the government of Peru (20-
09-1822), and returned home to Mendoza, Argentina. -
8. END OF THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
In 1823, Bolívar was authorized
by the Congress of the Great
Colombia to take command
an expedition to Peru. In
September of that year, he
arrived in Lima and met with
Sucre and the Peruvian leaders
to plan the attack. Bolívar and Sucre defeated the Spanish army in battle.
of Junín (6-08-1824).
Sucre was forced to fight and destroyed
the last bastion of the Spanish army in the battle of Ayacucho (12-09-1824),
that put an end to Spanish rule in South America.
