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Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown vs.Board of Education was a milestone supreme court case in Topika, Kansas in which it was ruled unanimously that racial-segregation was unconstitutional. Leading to establish the precedent that separate-but-equal was not really equal for African Americans students, and that segregation violated the “equal protection clause” of the 14th Amendment, which holds that no state can “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The Nation's National Education Law that establish equal opportunity for all students. ESEA authorizes state run programs that allow eligible schools who want to raise the academic achievement of struggling learners and address the complex challenges that arise for students who live with disability, mobility problems, learning difficulties, poverty, or transience, or who need to learn English. -
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was the first disability civil rights law to be enacted in the United States. It prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in programs that receive federal financial assistance, and it set the stage for the enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Link to video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00KVLYcmBOw -
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a Federal law that protects the privacy of student education records. The law applies to all schools that receive funds under an applicable program of the U.S. Department of Education. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The American with Disabilities Act is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in all areas of public life that include; jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general population.
Link to website:
https://civilrights.findlaw.com/discrimination/the-americans-with-disabilities-act-overview.html -
Oberti v. Board of Education of the Borough of Clementon School District
This court case established inclusion with supplementary aids and services. It also established that if placement outside the classroom is necessary, the school district must then include the child in as many school programs with children who do not have disabilities “to the maximum extent appropriate.” -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is a special education law that mandates regulation for students with disabilities and protects their rights as students and that of their parents. It provides a set of principles to be followed that help these students such as zero reject, nondiscriminatory evaluation, free appropriate education, least restrictive environment, due process safeguards, and shared decision making. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
The purpose of the No Child Left Behind Act was “to ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging State academic achievement standards and state academic assessments.” The No Child Left Behind Act stipulated class-size caps and required that teachers achieve “highly qualified status,” especially in regard to working with special education students. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
The law reauthorized and made important changes to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The changes are small and more so in the use of the language as captured in the following statement “to ensure that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their unique needs and prepare them for employment and independent living.”
