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600 BCE
Ten Comments' Muses
7th century B.C. Moses used chiseled stone to convey the ten comments in a from af writing. -
510 BCE
Oral Communication
- Oral communication was one of the earliest technique of formal teaching.
- Stories, folklore, histories, and news were transmitted through oral communication in ancient times.
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400 BCE
Written Communication
- In ancient Greece, written documents existed by the fifth century.
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1100
Slate Boards (Written Communication)
Slate Boards were in use in India. -
1200
Scrolled Manuscripts ( Written Communication)
It was handwritten by monks. -
1400
Printing Press (Written Communication)
- The ivention of the printing press in Europe was disruptive technology making knowledge available.
- The worldwide spread of the printing press meant a greater distribution of ideas that threatened the ironclad power structures of Europe.
- Typically used for texts, the invention and global spread of the printing press was one of the most influential events in the second millennium.
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Blackboards/chalkboards (WrittenCommunication)
Blackboards/chalkboards became used in schools around the turn of the 18th century. -
Transport Infrastructure
Development in transport infrastructure led to the first formal correspondence education. -
Broadcasting and Video - The British Broadcasting Corporation
-The BBC began broadcasting educational radio programs for schools.
-The first adult education radio broadcast from the BBC was a talk on Insects in Relation to Man, and in the same year, J.C. Stobart, the new Director of Education at the BBC, mused about ‘a broadcasting university’ in the journal Radio Times.
- BBC is a British public service broadcaster. It is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees. -
Overhead Projectors (Written Communication)
- Overhead Projectors were used for training by US army at the and of the World War Two.Overhead projectors began to be widely used in schools and businesses in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
- They used until replaced by electronic projectors, prresentational software (PowePoint).
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COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES - (1) Computer-based learning , Programmed Learning
- Skinner (programmed learning) aims to computerize teaching, by structuring information, testing learners' knowledge, and proving immediate feedback to learners, without human intervention other than in the design of the hardware and software.
- This technique can be applied through texts, so-called teaching machines, and computer-assisted-instruction.
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Television
Television was the first used in education for schools and general adult education.
Educational television or learning television is the use of television programs in the field of distance education. There are also adult education programs for an older audience; many of these are instructional television or "telecourse" services that can be taken for college credit. Examples of these include Open University programs on BBC television in the UK. -
Computer-based learning, PLATO
- PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations) was the first generalized computer-assisted instruction system. Starting in 1960, it ran on the University of Illinois' ILLIAC.
- Many modern concepts in multi-user computing were originally developed on PLATO, including forums, message boards, online testing, e-mail, chat rooms, picture languages, instant messaging, remote screen sharing, and multiplayer video games.
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Open University and BBC
In the 1960, T British government stablished the Open University , which worked in partnership with the BBC to develop university programs open to all. -
Open University
Open University transformed the use of print for teaching ın the 1970s. This first formal distance degree program still exists today in the form of the University of London International Program.
- They were the first to give external students the opportunity to continue to earn a living while studying, and to study privately and take exams without coming to London. -
Video-conferencing
Video-conferencing using dedicated cable systems and dedicated conferencing rooms have been in use since the 1980s. -
Computer- based learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Artificial Intelligence attempts to replicate the teaching process with a focus initially teaching arithmetic.
- Artificial intelligence, defined as intelligence exhibited by machines, has many applications in today's society.
- AI has been used to develop and advance numerous fields and industries, including finance, healthcare, education, transportation, and more.
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2. Computer networking
- CoSy was an early computer conferencing system developed by the University of Guelph in 1983 and 1984.
- An off the self software system called CoSy was developed for online threaded group discussion forums, a predecessor to today's forums contained in learning management system.
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Satellite Broadcasting
Satellite Broadcasting started to become available in the 1980.
In the 1983, INSAT used it initially for delivering locally produced educational television programs throughout the country.
In the 2015, India still using satellites for tele-education into the proorest parts of the country at the time of writing. -
Web-Based Learning
Learner uses mainly computers to interact with the teacher, other students and learning material. Web-based learning consists of technology that supports traditional classroom training and online learning environments.
- Web-based learning refers to the type of learning that uses the Internet as an instructional delivery tool to carry out various learning activities. -
High-Spreed Internet
In the 1990, the cost of creating and distributing video dropped dramatically due to digital compression and high spread Internet access. -
2. Computer Networking ; The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is basically an application running on the Internet that enables 'end-users' to create and link documents, videos or other digital media, without the need fot the end- user to transcribe everything into some form of computer code. -
2. Computer networking; Web Browser
- A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
- The first web browser, Mosaic was made available.
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3. Online Learning Environment; LMSs
In 1995, the web enabled the development of the first learning management systems (LMSs), MOOC, Blackboard.
- A learning management system (LMS) is a software application for the administration, documentation, tracking, reporting, and delivery of educational courses, training programs, or learning and development programs. -
2. Computer Networking ; Google
Google created several Internet search engines have been developed. -
Video Compression Technology and Video Servers
Development of video compression technology and low cost video servers led to the introduction of lecture capture systems for recording and streaming classroom lectures in 2008. -
Social Media
- Social media are really a sub-category of computer technology, but their development deserves a section of its own in the history of educational technology.
- Social media cover a wide range of different technologies, including blogs, wikis, You Tube videos, mobile devices such as phones and tablets, Twitter, Skype and Facebook.
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Open Course Ware
The Massachsetts Instute of Technology (MIT) started making its recorded lectures available to the public, free of cahnge, via its Open Course Ware Project.
in 2001, MIT announced that it planned to put many of its course metarials online as part of its OpenCourseWare project. This was largly accomplished by 2010, with material from over 2.000 courses available to all. -
Youtube and Google
Youtube started and was bought by Google in the 2006. -
The Khan Academy
The Khan Academy started using Youtube for recorded voice-over lectures using a digital blackboard for equations and illustrations. -
Apple
Apple Inc. in 2007 created iTunesU to became a portal or a site where videos and other digital materials on university teaching could be collected and downloaded free of charge by end users. -
3. Online Learning Environment; MOOC (Massive Open Online Course)
- (MOOC) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web.
- In addition to traditional course materials, such as filmed lectures, readings, and problem sets, many MOOCs provide interactive courses with user forums to support community interactions among students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs), as well as immediate feedback to quick quizzes and assignments.
- MOOCs are a recent and widely researched development in distance education.
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References
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/05/10/19/11/overhead-projector-341408_960_720.png
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/08/29/23/32/blackboard-913646_960_720.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead_projector
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/03/04/20/43/webinar-3199164__340.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/01/11/09/19/film-596009_960_720.jpg
https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/printing-press
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press -
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press
https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/11/19/21/11/knowledge-1052013_960_720.jpg
https://london.ac.uk/about-us/history-university-london
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/09/08/22/43/books-1655783__340.jpg
https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/understanding-underlying-constructs-webquests/32418
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_television -
References
http://www.tut.fi/ms/muo/vert/1_orienting%20_phase/pdlri_wbl_whatisweb-basedlearning.html#targetText=In%20other%20words%2C%20learner%20uses,on%20computer%20and%20online%20possibilities. https://stock.adobe.com/images/large-bbc-sign-in-park-with-grass-and-trees/178799477?as_channel=affiliate&as_campaign=pexels&as_source=arvato&tduid=9676a6be42c0297b2ba7108a083ff18b&as_channel=affiliate&as_campclass=redirect&as_source=arvato
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/91950 -
References
https://pixabay.com/tr/photos/uydu-iss-uluslararas%C4%B1-uzay-istasyonu-1030779/
https://pixabay.com/tr/photos/toprak-internet-k%C3%BCreselle%C5%9Fme-2254769/
https://pixabay.com/tr/images/search/youtube/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology
https://www.britannica.com/topic/programmed-learning
https://pixabay.com/tr/photos/diz%C3%BCst%C3%BC-bilgisayar-kad%C4%B1n-e%C4%9Fitim-3087585/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmed_learning -
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLATO_(computer_system)
https://www.britannica.com/topic/PLATO-education-system
https://pixabay.com/tr/illustrations/monit%C3%B6r-ikili-binary-system-1307227/
https://pixabay.com/tr/illustrations/a%C4%9F-programlama-yapay-zeka-beyin-3706562/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Artificial_intelligence_and_education
https://pixabay.com/tr/photos/kodu-html-dijital-kodlama-web-1076536/ -
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoSy_(computer_conferencing_system)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web
https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/
http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/teknoloji/gunumuz-internetinin-dogusu-world-wide-web-41145827
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_web_browser
https://pixabay.com/tr/illustrations/taray%C4%B1c%C4%B1-web-www-bilgisayar-773215/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_web_browser -
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_management_system
https://pixabay.com/tr/illustrations/sunu-gui-e-%C3%B6%C4%9Frenme-kurs-lms-341444/
https://blog.capterra.com/what-is-an-lms-guide/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course
https://stock.adobe.com/images/woman-headset-video-call-tutor/158597036?as_channel=affiliate&as_campaign=pexels&as_source=arvato&tduid=9676a6be42c0297b2ba7108a083ff18b&as_channel=affiliate&as_campclass=redirect&as_source=arvato -
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References
https://opentextbc.ca/teachinginadigitalage/chapter/section-8-1-a-short-history-of-educational-technology/
https://images.pexels.com/photos/362/marketing-man-person-communication.jpg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&dpr=1&w=500
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/04/08/14/36/christian-1316187__340.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/11/26/23/43/manuscript-547042_960_720.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/05/10/19/11/overhead-projector-341408_960_720.png
