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Gregor Mendel
EXPERIMENT
-He Self pollinated pea plants to gain the (P Phase)
-Cross polinated to gain the F1 phase
CONTRIBUTION
-Credited with the Principle of Segregation, Principle of Independent Assortment
-Discovered that Sperm and eggs have one allele (Dom,Rec) -
William Bateson & Reginald Punnet
EXPERIMENT
-They worked with sweet pea characteristics (Color and Pollen Shape) PpLl
-Crossed these traits and recorded their results
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Discovered Linked Genes
-Genes can be located on the same chromosome -
Thomas Hunt Morgan
EXPERIMENT
-He bred fruit flies for wing and body characteristics
-His findings were unusual
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Discovered gene mapping, Sex linked traits, and Recombination Frequency -
Archibald Garrod
EXPERIMENT
-He observed inherited diseases
-Hypothesized that inherited diseases were from the inability to make an enzyme
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Relationship between genes and proteins
-Genes dictate the phenotypes through proteins -
Frederick Griffith
EXPERIMENT
-He tested bacteria on mice to see why a single strand of a disease kills a cell
CONTRIBUTION
-Discovered information that lead to the discovery of transformation -
George Beadle and Edward Tatum
EXPERIMENT
-They studied strains of mold
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Discovered the relationship between genes and enzymes
- "Each mutant is defective in a single gene" -
Erwin Chargaff
EXPERIMENT
-Split genes to get a more accurate view of DNA
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Discovered the base- pairing rules
-Amounts of Adenine and Thymine are identical
-Amounts of Cytosine and Guanine are identical -
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
EXPERIMENT
-Used Bacteriophage with only DNA and proteins
-They tagged DNA with radioactive phosphorous and protein
CONTRIBUTION
-They determined that DNA was the gentic material of life -
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin
EXPERIMENT
-Took an x-ray crystallograph picture of DNA
CONTRIBUTIONS
-Confirmed that DNA was a helix
-Big part if the overall discovery of the structure of DNA -
James Watson and Francis Crick
EXPERIMENT
-Constructed an up-scale model of DNA using Chargaff's rules
- Used an X-ray crystallograph to discover the double helix
CONTRIBUTION
-Discovered the DNA was a double helix
-Discovered the size of DNA -
Marshall Nirenberg
EXPERIMENT
-He set up a "Cell Free System" using sap and E Coli
- He also added RNA composed of only Uracil
CONTRIBUTION
- Deciphered the gentic code
-Discovered the "codon"
-Synthesized phenylalanine using the codon UUU
