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Roanoke
In 1587, Sir Walter Raleigh sent more than 100 settlers to Roanoke Island to create the first permanent colony. When he returned, all of the settlers disappeared. The only evidence left was the word "Croatoan" carved into trees. This led them to believe that the colonists moved to Croatoan Island. https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Lost-Colony/315475#:~:text=The%20Lost%20Colony%20was%20an%20early%20English%20settlement,is%20now%20North%20Carolina%20as%20early%20as%201584. -
Jamestown
On May 14th, 1607, 100 members of the Virginia Company founded Jamestown on the James River. Jamestown almost failed as a colony because of disease and conflict with local Native Americans. Jamestown made tobacco a major cash crop. Jamestown expanded and was the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
Maryland
Lord Baltimore convinced King Charles I to grant him 100 million acres for persecuted Catholics to settle. The owner of the colony was not a British King or Queen. Cecil Calvert took over and began to manage the colony, offering 100 acres to every married couple who settled in the Colony. Protestants started to settle in Maryland and the Toleration Act of 1649 granted religious freedom to all Christians in Maryland.
( Used notes and https://www.britannica.com/place/Maryland-state/The-colony0 ) -
New York
In 1614, Henry Hudson and the Dutch founded the colony of New York. The Dutch government allowed colonization there. When the British went to war with the Netherlands, they seized the colony. King Charles granted the colony to the Duke of York's brother. Then, the first British governor of the colony was Colonel Richard Nicolis.
https://www.historycentral.com/TheColonies/NY1.html -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was an assembly in Virginia in 1619. This assembly includes the governor of Jamestown, George Yeardly, along with the council and two burgesses. The House of Burgesses was responsible for giving resources and making laws. The council also served as a supreme court and the governor could revise or veto laws.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses -
Great Migration
In the 17th century, the Puritans left England for the New World because of religious persecution and economic reasons. England treated the Puritans very harshly. In 1620, the Puritans traveled on the Mayflower to the New World, beginning the Great Puritan migration.
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was a set of self-governing rules for those traveling on the Mayflower. The pilgrims set out for America in 1620 on the Mayflower. They were supposed to land in Virginia but landed in Cape Cod due to storms. When the colonists worked together, they helped settle the Plymouth Colony. Although many of the colonies died after suffering harsh winters and famine, the Plymouth colony managed to survive.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower-compact -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
In 1630, 1,000 Puritans settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Massachusetts Bay colony was given the right to trade between the Charles and Marrimack Rivers from King Charles I. Puritan Leaders of the colony wanted to prevent religious freedom. Although many settlers were banished from the colony, the population grew to more than 20,000 by the mid-1640s.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts-Bay-Colony -
Connecticut
Connecticut was one of the 13 colonies in America. Connecticut was founded by a colonist named Thomas Hooker in 1636. Connecticut was also a Puritan colony and other religions were not allowed. Farming in Connecticut was difficult because bad farming conditions but they were still able to grow some crops. They were also the only colony to export rum. Connecticut finally became a state on January 9th, 1788. -
Rhode Island
Colonial Rhode Island was established in 1636 by groups of founders who were banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The colony was originally named "Roodt Eylandt" which means "red island." The first charter was ratified by Oliver Cromwell in 1644. Rhode Island prospered during the American Revolution because of its fertile soil and harbors.
https://www.thoughtco.com/rhode-island-colony-103880 -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act, passed on April 21, 1649 in St. Mary's City by the assembly of the Maryland colony, created tolerance for Trinitarian Christians. This was the first act to censor religious hate speech in the world. Some historians believe it inspired the freedoms of the United States. The Calvert family used this act to protect those Catholic setters who didn't convert to Anglicanism.
https://www.americanhistoryusa.com/topic/maryland-toleration-act/ -
Carolina
In 1663, King Charles II granted 8 supporters land in the Carolinas. Major cash crops in the Carolina colony were rice, indigo, and tobacco. These cash crops required much labor. In 1720, African slaves outnumbered the European settlers in the Carolinas. In 1729, the colony of Carolina became a royal colony and was split into North and South Carolina.
(Used notes) -
Bacon's Rebellion
In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion, led by Nathaniel Bacon, was the first popular revolt in the colonies. Bacon wanted to remove the Native Americans from the colonies but Burkley wanted to create trade between them. This caused Bacon to take control of Jamestown and burn it down on September 19th.
https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Bacons-Rebellion/627407#:~:text=Bacon’s%20Rebellion%20was%20the%20first%20popular%20revolt%20in,more%20of%20a%20power%20struggle%20between%20two%20men. -
Pennsylvania
In 1681, founded under a charter given to William Penn, the colony of Pennsylvania was founded as a place for quakers to settle. King Charles II owed Penn's family money and gave him the charter instead to pay his debt. Penn believed people were naturally good and believed if people were good, so was the government. Settlers worked hard to found the city of Philadelphia.
https://www.historycentral.com/TheColonies/PA.html -
Salem Witch Trials
In January 1692, three girls, Elizabeth Parris, Abigail Williams, and Ann Putnam, began to have "fits." Three woman were blamed for these "fits." and one of them admitted to signing the Devil's book. All three women were put in jail. Paranoia took over Salem and many people were accused of being a witch, some of them being executed.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-brief-history-of-the-salem-witch-trials-175162489/ -
Great Awakening/Enlightenment
The Great Awakening was a period of Protestant restoration in the eighteenth century. They evangelized by rejecting and correcting certain forms of worship. The Great Awakening divided those who followed their message and those who didn't. Unlike the Great Awakening, the Enlightenment relied on science and reason over religion. Ideas including rationalism, empiricism, progressivism, and cosmopolitanism were important in the Enlightenment.
(can't fit link but used www.oercommons.org) -
French-Indian War
Beginning in 1754, the French-Indian War was a war fought between France and Great Britain. They fought for control of colonial territory in North America. They were fighting over whether the upper Ohio River Valley was part of the British or French empire. Great Britain claimed this land when William Pitt, a British statesman, granted the territory to himself.
https://www.britannica.com/event/French-and-Indian-War -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan of Union, created by representatives from the British North American Colonies, was a plan to put the colonies under a unified government. The importance of the plan was advertised by images saying, "Join or Die." Although the plan was adopted by many representatives at the Albany Congress, it was never carried out.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued at the end of the French-Indian War by the British Empire to keep European settlers off the Native American lands. Issued on October 7, 1763, the proclamation closed expansion of the colonies beyond Appalachia. Only licensed travelers would be able to travel west and make deals with the natives.
(couldn't fit link but used www.history.com) -
Salutary Neglect
Salutary Neglect was a policy of the British Government where trade regulations were loosely enforced. It was supposed to establish self-governing and lead to American Independence. The policy was also supposed to create a balance in trade.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect
