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Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson’s purchase of the Louisiana Territory set a precedent for future land acquisitions. This gained control of the Mississippi River.
Added 13 new states -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri was a slave state and Maine as a free state. Drew the line for the expansion of slavery at 36’30” line -
Monroe doctrine
Great Britain then developed strong trade ties with Latin American countries. Monroe Doctrine to warn European countries not to recolonize Latin Am. -
Nullification Crisis
States’ rights- states have the right to declare a federal law (or tax) null and void if it harms that state.The issue of states’ rights continued to stew -
Texas Annexation
Texas waited 10 years to be admitted to the union due to the balance of power issue of free vs slave states. Also were border disputes -
Oregon Treaty
Jointly occupied & claimed by the Americans, the British, and the Spanish. Conflict between the Americans & the British led to the negotiations of a British-American border. -
Mexican Cession
The Mexican Cession completed Manifest Destiny.Mexican Cession contained territories that made up most of the rest of the southwestern United States which the US acquired by the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War. -
Compromise of 1850
replaced the Missouri Compromise. California admitted as free state, ban slave trade in D.C., popular sovereignty to decide slavery, stronger Fugitive Slave Law which would require northerners to return runaway slaves to south. -
Kansas - Nebraska Act
Stephan Douglass proposes popular sovereignty (letting the people decide) whether Kansas and Nebraska would be slave or free states. This led to Bleeding Kansas when both pro and anti-slavery supporters attempted to sway the votes, leading to violence and deaths. -
Period: to
Bleeding (Bloody) Kansas
Competition of pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces turned conflict violent--became known as Bleeding Kansas -
Battle of Bull Run
Confederate victory, showed war was going to be longer and more deadly than thought -
Battle of Fort Sumter
economic resources of the North and the South, the geographic factors that influenced strategy, and the military and political leadership that influenced public support -
Battle of Antietam
Where: Antietam Creek, Sharpsburg, Maryland
Who: General George McClellan (Union) and General Robert E. Lee(Confederacy)
single bloodiest day -
Gettysburg Address
He describes the Civil War as a struggle to fulfill the Declaration of Independence and preserve a nation “dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal” -
Battle of Vicksburg
The surrender of Vicksburg, and Port Hudson, Louisiana days later, split the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River and gave the Union control of the river. Key turning point in western theatre -
Battle of Gettysburg
Lee retreats to Virginia. Nearly ⅓ of his fighting force was dead or wounded. Second and last attempt of the South to invade the North -
Emancipation Proclamation
Freed slaves in states still in rebellion as of Jan. 1, 1863. Did not actually free any. Military measure to end British support of South by making war about slavery. Authorized AA in Union military (faced much discrimination) -
Period: to
Presidential Reconstruction
10% Plan
Johnson wanted to continue Lincoln’s
Congress impeached Johnson -
Sherman’s March to the Sea
William Tecumseh Sherman also followed the total war strategy. He led his forces on a march to the sea from the Tennessee-Georgia border, utilizing scorched earth methods -
13th amendment passed
Ended Slavery-Southern states had to recognize 13th Amendment before they could form governments. Black codes demonstrated southerners not willing to recognize rights of freedmen -
14th amendment passed
Granted all men birthright citizenship (if you were born here)
-Birthright Citizenship-overturned Dred Scott decision by recognizing citizenship of African Americans -
Period: to
Congressional Reconstruction (1867-1877)
Congressional Reconstruction was much more strict and made it more difficult for southern states to regain full participating in the Union. -
15th amendment passed
Allows all MEN to vote-motivated by desire to ensure right to vote and by desire of Republican party to establish its political power in the South -
Plessy v. Ferguson
“separate but equal”
Supreme Court upheld/legalized segregation
