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Jan 3, 1492
Columbus lands in the "New World"
Europenas came to American in search for gold, glory, and god. Think they have made it to Asia. -
Settlers arrive at Roanoke Island
Settlers arrived, including Sir Walter Raleigh. He leaves for about a year and when he comes back no one is there. Also named the "lost colony" -
Jamestown established
1st settlement. They come across a river and think it leads to Asia. Move 40 miles inland because of pirate attacks, move into Indian territory. -
Mayflower Compact
Formal agreement to live by the laws they have created. -
John Winthrop's "City Upon a Hill Speech"
Says people need to put community first, share burdens, if we stay together we are powerful, we will survive and prosper if we follow God. -
Pequot War
Settelers set fire to village, survivors come back and attack settelers. Colonists ally with other tribes and wipe out all Pequots. -
Anne Hutchinson is kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony
She was a woman who challenged Puritain ways. -
Salem Witch Trials
In Puritain beliefs, someone does something different and they are prosecuted. Girls seen with Tituba dancing or singing, people think the devil is in them. 19 hanged, government intervenes and says they are going too far. -
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Benjamin Franklin
Scientist in American Enlightenment -
Jonathan Edwards delivers "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" sermon
The great awakening sermon -
Treaty of Paris
French are out of America. Germ warfare, erasing Indians from America. -
French and Indian War
"7 years war" we need to come together in order to win the battle. Indians vs. British and Americ.n Colonists -
Proclimation of 1763
In order to stop conflict with colonists and Indians, colonists can't go west of red/ proclimation line -
Sugar Act
lower tax on molasses, increase taxes on foreign googs to raise revenue -
Quartering Act
Required colonists to supply British troops with food and shelter. People are very angry with this act -
Stamp Act
Everyone has to buy a stamp and put it on all paper documents. Important because they didn't have to do it before so why do it now? -
Townshend Acts
raise revenue to pay saleries of govenors and judges so they could be independent of colonial rule. tell New York assembly that they can't meet until they listen, so they do so parliment doesn't get so angry. -
Boston Massacre
in the main square, British guard standing outside customs office. colonists start throwing things, calls in for backup and everyone comes out and starts throwing things. He shoots then everyone starts shooting -
Boston Tea Party
Colonist boycott goods so there is a lot of tea sitting in warehouses. Parliment decreases tax on tea and start sending it to the colonies. colonists go on board and throw tea overboard, British lose a lot of money. Realize they might be losing colonies. -
1st Continental Congress
1st government in America, met in Philadelphia
1. acts parliment has said- we were going to say doesn't matter
2. Massachusetts lets gather arms and gather weapons
3. British think they can sanction us so lets boycott goods
4. declaration of America -
Intolerable/Coercive Acts
- Close harbor until colonists pay money back. 2. anyone who they think did something against te King was sent back and put on trial. 3 new quartering act- put soldiers in revolutionary homes 4. destory massachusetts governments. This brings the colonies together
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Battle of Bunker Hill
American troops headed for Bunker hill to bombard British ships in Boston Harbor. Men misunderstood orders and went to Breed's Hill, which was closer to British. Americans lasted for three Bristish charges up the hill until they ran low on ammunition and the British took control of the hill. *teven though they didn't win, they came together to fight as a nation. -
Olive Branch Petition
Document sent to the king, hoping for a compromise and declare peace. He refuses to read it and declared colonists "open enemies". *the colonists tried one last time to be peaceful, were shut down, so now want to become independent. -
Lexington & Concord
British General plan to leave Boston and attack Lexington. Capture Sam Adams and John Hancock, word got to Colonists by horseback. *Had time to prepare and fight back. -
2nd Continental Congress
Delegates from the 13 Colonies met in Philadelphia. *Agreed that a Continental Army needed to be formed. -
Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin wrote this document establishing independence from Britain, ensuring rights of the people. *FREE FROM BRITAIN! -
Bacon's Rebellion
William Berkely raised taxes on land. Endentured servants looking for land but can't afford it and are moving into Indian territory. Berkerly doesn't help, so Nathaniel Bacon helps get rid of all Indians in his way and declares war agasint Berkely. He is then tried in England because of how he treated rebellers. -
Common Sense
Document written by Thomas Paine, that challenged authority of British gov. *first document to openly ask for independence from Great Britain. -
Battle of Saratoga
TURNING POINT- huge victory for Americans, British surrender to Americans -
Articles of Confederation
Plan for the government, making the status quo legal on paper. *weak central government and NO national currency. -
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Henry Clay
Came up with "American System" (1. high tarraffs 2. higher land prices 3.national bank) ran for pres. several times but didnt ever win -
Surrender at Yorktown
French ally with Americans, bring ships to Yorktown and Cornwallce is forced to surrender. *French are helping Americans. -
Treaty of Paris
British, Americans, French meet in Paris, signed this treaty, formally recognizing the United States as independent -
Land Ordinance of 1785
Thinly populationed territoy, wanted to sell the land to make money. 36 mile townships and sell off each square. -
Shay's Rebellion
Daniel Shay led farmers to court house to rebell. Started getting violent, needed militia from national gov but they didn't have enough money to pay for soldiers. The rich stepped in and paid to put violence down. *shows how bad articles of confederation are -
Constitutional Convention
goal: peacefully replace the government written in the articles of confederation. Topics considered; diplomacy, foreign competition, currency shortage and innerstate commerce. -
3/5 Compromise
Delegates disagree over how states should be counted, tax& representation. Northerners: wanted slaves to count for tax but not for representation. Southerners: wanted slaves to count for tax and not represenation. Compromise- 3/5 of slaves count for both taxation and representation. -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
needed to figure out a way to govern Northwest territory. Divided it into 5 territories, 5,000 men allowed to elect legislature. 60000 allowed to apply for statehood. Slavery is banned in all 5 territories. -
The Great Compromise
Delegates dissagreed over how stated should be represented. 2 plans: Virginia plan- 2 house legislature with each state representation based on population, New Jersey Plan- 1 house legislature and each state represented equally. Compromise- 2 house legislature- 1 Senate equal state representation and 2 house of reps based on population -
The Federalist Papers
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay wrote them, radifying the Constitution. They explain the benefits of belonging to the Union -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Create residency requierments that state you have to be a citizen of the US for 14 years before you can vote. The president also has the power to deport any "aliens". It alson makes it illigal to talk/lead/write anything bad about the government.
Important because its just like a monarchy. -
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George Washingtons Presidency
The first Unident States president. Grew up on farm. He was very relucttant and did not want all the power that was given to him. -
Bill of Rights
the first 10 amendents radified into the Constitution. Written by James Madison. *ensures personal freedom -
Whisky Rebillion
Hamilton created a tax that makes the frontier farmers mad because he is taxing their most profitable crops. Washington sends in troops to shut down the rebellion before anythhing big really hapens. This is important because it makes the idea of a stong central government look good and it's not a repeat of Shays Rebellion. -
Citizen Genet
Genet trys to raly American citizens to fight with french citizens for their freedom against the crown.
Us goverment knows this would be a bad idea so they dn't support him. -
Jays Treaty
Goals: 1. convince British to abondon their forts. 2. Government pay for reparations. 3. Britian pay them back for taking and freeing slaves. 4. US wants trading rights with the Indies.
What gets accomplished: 1. British will evacuate their forts within two years. 2. They will pay their war debt. -
Pickneys Treaty
Pickneys treaty gives America more land from spain so that the US now has acsess to the water which was good for trade routs. Promise that no idians will attack from either side. The significance is we now have better trade, we are difined by boders, and no Indian attacks -
Washingtons Farewell Address
Washington tells the people that domestically they need to unite and they shouldn't hold grudes but don't fall in love with foriegn affairs. -
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John Adams Presidency
Known as the hardest working member in congress. Becoms president with the desire to balence. -
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XYZ affair
France gives the US alot of land for a little amount of money. Napoleon figures he will just take it back later when he concurs the world. -
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Thomas Jeffersons Presidency
Third president. The first to be inogriated in Washington D.C.
He has an expensive personal life with architechture and science but runs his government very frugal. He rides a horse not a carriage, wears plain clothes and sat at a circle table so no one was at the head of the table -
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John Marshal is Cheif Justice
Big case was Marbury vs Maddison.
John Marshall rules that Maddison should give Marburry his commision but says he doesn't have the power to make him do it.
Important because he knows what power he has. -
Lousiana Purchase
Napoleon is on world domination so he sells the US the land for cheap but it nearly doubles the size of the US. -
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Lewis and Clark Expideition
Exploration of the land out west. They relied on the Indians to help them find their way and hunt. They kept Journals and maps and samples. They claimed the Oregon territory. -
Embargo Act
The end of Jeffersons presidency. The act makes international trade illigal. This causes alot of smuggling and is repealed really quickly. -
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James Madisons Presidemcy
Known as a brilliant guy but an average president. Another Virginia gentleman. Doesn't focus on domestic issues. States you can only trade with Britian and France, no on eelse. -
War of 1812
Between France and US, mostly over seas. Pointless because there was a treaty set in place before war, and there was no winner of the war. -
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Monroes presidency
Republican, understand economic nationalism but hates it, "Era of good feelings" serves 2 terms, start to trade with brits more, year of 1819- big year of expansion (Andrew Jackson takes over FL), Moroe Doctrine- US continents can not be used for expansion in Europe, if you come into hemmesphere you are a threat, we will not mess with european colonies that are here now -
McCholloch vs. Maryland
States tried to tax National Bank but SC says no! the supremacy clause was put to use and this represents national power is stonger than state power -
Adams- Onis Treaty
Treaty with spain to give us FL. showed that we were more powerful than spain and gives us more land -
Financial Panic of 1819
Britian stopped buying our cotton and it sent us into a financial panic, shows that we are still relyant on Britian -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri became a slave state because Maine wanted to be free, Us wanted to keep balance -
Monroe Doctrine
1) NO European colonization on US territory
2) Political systems are different in Europe
3) if you come into US hemmesphere you are a threat to US
4) We will not mess with European colonies that are already on US turf -
Gibbons vs Ogden
A dispute over who opperates over a river that covers 2 states. The Supreme court took care of it because it had to do with 2 or more states -
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John Quincey Adams Presidency
He was no willing to compromise, was very smart, didnt connect with people well,reffers to monarchs in his speech and people only talk about that, he was a National Republican -
Nulification Controversy
South Carolina didn't want high tariffs so they nulifyed them and Jackson didn't approve but his VP felt for SC so he fought for them and then Jackson fired him and Clay came up with a lower tariff compromise, important because ststes tried to stand up to government, and Jackson thinks he can do whatever he wants -
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Andrew Jacksons Presidency
He was very hard headed, and didn't listen to people who didnt agree, he was a fighter -
Indian Removal Act
Jackson wanted Indians gone so he passed several bills to get rid of htem but then Cherokee fought back and went to court, court agreed with them but Jackson didn't listen and did it anyways -
Jackson Vetos charter bank of US
BIG MISTAKE the states start spending too much money and go into inflation/ financial panic shows that we need the bank -
Panic of 1837
A cause of the states spending too much money because there was no national bank to regualte money, England is in a depression so they want $ we borrowed, govenrment doesnt give aid -
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Van Buren's Presidency
Gets the aftermath of Andrew Jacksons presidency and lots of people get upset with him -
William Henry Harrison Wins Election
First Wig victory! Won with slogans like "log cabin and hard cyder" because he was not power hungry he also did not express his beliefs too much!
