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Period: Dec 13, 1560 to
Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully
The Duke of Sully pushed ideas that are now widely supported all over the world. He created a court in France to try embezzlement, encouraged agriculture, and authorized free exportation of grain and wine, which helped the French economy. He also converted Henry IV to Catholicism, which united France. -
Period: Jan 22, 1561 to
Francis Bacon
The Father of empiricism. He came up with the method of inductive reasoning. Bacon also invented the experimental method, which is still taught and used in the scientific field today. -
Queen Elizabeth I dies and James VI of Scotland becomes king of England
This united the crowns of England and Scotland for the first time. They would later be officially united to create Great Britain. -
Settlement of Jamestown, Virginia
This was the first permanent English settlement in what is now the US. -
Galileo discovers rings of Saturn
This was an important discovery in the world of astronomy. Using the newly invented telescope, Galileo paved the way for others to search the skies and discover more about the universe around us. -
King James Version of the Bible is published
This was the first published English translation of the Bible. It is still very widely used all over the world. -
Richelieu becomes French Minister of Foreign Affairs
This had a huge impact on France. During his rule Richelieu raised taxes, censored the press, took power from the nobels, and had a network of spies. -
Period: to
Thirty Years' War
Mostly a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics. It gradually involved most European powers, becoming one of the largest wars of the time. -
Period: to
Jean Baptiste Colbert
Colbert was the financial advisor to Louis XIV. He was one of the most important people of the century because he improved the economy of France, established the Chamber of Commerce, and was the Father of Mercantilism. He made many improvements to France during his time in office. -
The Petition of Rights
This is the second pilliar of Constitutionalism, and it stated specific liberties for the subjects that the king could not infringe upon. Part of it is also reflected in the Third Amendment of the US Constitution. -
Period: to
John Locke
Locke was an English philosopher that came up with many of the ideas that were used in the US Constitution, including a representative government and putting a limit on the power of the government. He is also credited with the idea that every man has a right to life, liberty, and property. -
Period: to
English Civil War
Between Parliamentarians and Royalists. Fought over whether the Crown or Parliament should have the most power. Parliamentarians won, causing the execution of Charles I and the exile of his son, Charles II. This also led to Oliver Cromwell coming into power. This helped show that a parliamentary monarchy was really the best for England. -
Period: to
Isaac Newton
Newton was one of the greatest theoretical scientists in history. He discovered the law of gravitation, the three laws of motion, and invented calculus and the reflecting telescope. All of the theories and laws that he came up with are still accepted today. -
The Great Plague of London
Killed almost 20% of London's population. This was the second and last time that the bubonic plague had a major outbreak in Europe. -
The Glorious Revolution
The overthrow of King James II of England. Also the first and only time that England had joint monarchs, William of Orange and Mary II of England.
