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Sep 9, 1517
Martin Luther
denounced the authority of the priests and popes when he nailed his protests against Catholic doctrines to the door of Wittenberg's cathedral, started the Protestant Reformation -
Jamestown
virginia company gets a charter from england and ends up starting their colony in Jamestown -
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Thirty Years War
led by Kind Gustavus, Swedes trespassed on Dutch preserves by planting the anemic colony of New Sweden on the Delaware River -
House of Burgesses
proposed that each colonial legislature appoint a standing committee for intercolonial correspondance -
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Pilgrims First Winter
44 out of 102 colonists survived, "Starving time" -
Roger Williams
popular Salem minister who also challenged the Church; an extreme Separatist; was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, he established religious freedom for all kinds of people on Rhode Island -
Pequot War
fought between natives and the English, nearly 300 pequots were killed -
Bacons Rebellion
led by Nathaniel Bacon, burned the capitol of Virginia and killed indians, shut-down quickly by the gov. -
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King Williams War
fought over control of North America -
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Queen Anne's War
British against French fighting over the new world, guerrilla warfare, Spain allied with France -
George Washington Inaugurates War with France
virginians surrendered in the ohio country when trying to over-run the French -
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Seven Years War
began in the colonies, British ended up winning the war, England had a lot of debt after the was was over. End of salutory neglect -
Sugar Act
England put a tax on sugar and malasses in the colonies, pourpose was to raise money to pay off debt in England -
Boston Massacre
a crowd of 60 townspeople attacked 10 redcoats and the redcoats opened fired on the civilians, killing/wounding 11 of them -
Boston Tea Party
a band of Bostonians, disguised as Indians, boarded British merchant ships and dumped their tea into the sea -
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Bunker Hill and Hessian Hirelings
the colonists were both affirming their loyalty to the king by sincerely voicing their desire to patch up difficulties while at the same time raising armies and killing redcoats -
Patriots Day
the British commander in Boston sent a detachment of troops to Lexington. They were to seize provisions of colonial gunpowder and to capture the "rebel" ringleaders, Samuel Adams and John Hancock. At Lexington, 8 Americans were shot and killed -
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Revolutionary War
Fought between colonists and Britian. It soiltified American Independence. -
Olive Branch Petition
professed American loyalty to the king and begged to the king to stop further hostilities. The petition was rejected by the king. -
The Abortive Conquest of Canada
the British burned Falmouth (Portland), Maine -
Declaring independence
Richard Henry Lee of Virginia's resolution of declaring independence was passed. It was the formal declaration of independence by the American colonies -
Decleration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson. It declared independence from British rule. Discussed ideas of natural law and the social contract. It listed all the greveinces against King George the III. -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was formally approved by Congress, it was an explanation of everything the king had done to the Americans -
Washington and the Germans
Washington surprised and captured 1,000 Hessians who were sleeping -
Battle of Saratoga
victory for colonists, beings about French alliance -
General Burgoyne
General Burgoyne was forced to surrender his entire command at Saratoga to American general Horatio Gates -
Treaty of Paris
reconizes independence of US, sets Mississippi river as boundrary -
Constitutional Convention
balance of power, restriction of sufferage, held in Philadelphia -
Washington as President
Washington took his oath of office -
Whiskey Rebellion
Pennsilvania, 3 rebels killed, people angry over tax on whiskey -
Pinckney's Treaty
granted Americans everything they asked for from Spain with free navigation of the Mississippi -
Election of 1800
Thomas Jefferson beat John Adams to win the election to become president by a 73 to 65 vote -
Judiciary Act of 1801
passed by the expiring Federalist Congress; created 16 new federal judgeships and other judicial offices -
Naturalization Law of 1802
reduced the requirement of 14 years of residence to the previous 5 years, Jefferson got rid of the excise tax too -
Louisiana Purchase
Louisiana bought from France for 15 million dollars, Robert Livingston, along with James Monroe, negotiated in Paris for the Louisiana land area -
Marbury vs. Madison
James Madison, the new secretary of state, had cut judge Marbury's salary; Marbury sued James Madison for his pay; Marbury ended up getting his pay but the decision showed that the Supreme Court had the final authority in determining the meaning of the Constitution -
Jeff Re-elected
Jefferson was re-elected to become president winning with 162 votes against Pickney who only had 14 -
Order in Council
England closed the European ports under French control to foreign shipping -
Embargo Act
It banned the exportation of any goods to any countries, created by Jefferson, it significantly hurt the profits of US merchants and was consequently hated by Americans -
Non Intercourse Act
trade banned with England and France, re-opens the American economy -
James Madison
Madison became president, reenacted the United States's trade embargo against England, was in the presidency when Macon's Bill #2 was introduced and put into action -
Erskine Agreement
agreement to re-open trade between US and England, England promised to revoke the Orders in Council but really didnt -
Macons Bill #2
proposal to Britain and France to trade with them, whoever comes up first, then America would put an embargo on the other country, Embargo favored with France, it hurt them the least. This bill led to the War of 1812 -
New leadership
the representatives in congress were replaced, more than half of the people were new, things got a little more crazy -
Madison's War
Madison asked congress to declare war on the British and they agreed, the War Hawks were also in support of the war, Fed's apposed it though because they supported the British -
Battle of the Thames
General Harrison's army overtook the British at Detroit and Fort Malden -
Thomas Macdonough
naval officer who forced the invading British army near Plattsburgh to retreat, he saved the upper New York from conquest