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Dorothea Dix
She was the superintendent of the nurses of the Civil War. She established the first state hospital in 1881. She improve the health of the mentally ill and people in prisons. -
Mary Ann Bickerdyke
She helped car for soldiers during the Civil War. She formed a group of ladies that administered care to soldiers on the battlefield. She was one of the most resourceful Civil War nurses, who set up over 300 hospitals. -
Linda Richards
She was America's first trained nurse. She also created the first system for keeping individual medical records. -
Mary Eliza Mahoney
She became the first black nurse graduate. She graduated from the New England Hosptial for Women and Children. -
Clara Barton
She founded the American Red Cross. Independently operated large-scale relief operations. She was also a volunteer in the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment. -
Isabel Hampton Robb
Was an advocate for 8 hour workdays. During her work as Johns Hopkins Training School principal she arranged for 12 hour work days with 2 hours free time. -
Lavinia Dock
She wrote Materia Medica for Nurses, one of the first nursing textbooks. Advocate of legislation to control nursing practice. -
Mary Adelaide Nutting
She joined the faculty of Teachers College at Columbia University in New York City and became the world's first professor of nursing. -
Margaret Sanger
She gave up nursing to distribute the information on birthcontrol. She wrote many articles that got her into legal trouble and fled to England. In 1914 she founded the National Birth Control league. -
Lillian Wald
She helped organize the first public school nursing services in New York City. This was very important to establish nursing education to further the career of nurses. -
Annie Goodrich
She was also the Dean of the Army School of Nursing.She became the dean of the first nursing program at Yale University and then developed it into the Yale Graduate School of Nursing. She was also the president of the ANA. -
Mary Breckinridge
Established the Fronteir Nursing Service that provided health care in the Appalachian Mountains. The first to bring nurse-midwifery in the United States. -
Ida V. Moffett
She began her journey as a nurse in 1926. She set standards for healthcare. She became the first woman involved in achieving school accreditation, closing substandard schools and standardizing levels of schooling. -
Hildegard Peplau
She emphasized the nurse-client relationship as the foundation of nursing practice.She was the founder of modern psychiatric nursing, an advocate for the mentally ill, and an advocate for advanced education for nurses. -
Lillian Holland Harvey
Her efforts as dean of the University of Tuskegee nursing program established the first opportunity to obtain a Bachelor of Science degree in nursing in Alabama.The Alabama State Nurses' Association established the annual Lillian Holland Harvey Award in her honor. -
Virginia Henderson
Earned the title of "Foremost nurse of the 20th century". She started her career in research at the Yale University School of Nursing. She was funded to direct the Nursing Studies Index Project. This resulted in the first annotated index of nursing research. -
Dorothea Orem
She proposed her theory “Guides for Developing Curricula for the Education of Practical Nurses”. She also developed the Self-care theory which involves looking at the body's needs and working backward to see how it affects the body. -
Martha Rogers
Best known for developing the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She wrote "An Introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing" whick marked the advent of a new era in nursing science. She was essential to learning about the future evolution of the culture of nursing. -
Madeleine Leininger
She helped to found the Transcultural Nursing movement and program. Very important in cultural transitions in nursing. She understood the importance related to culture and nursing. -
Jean Watson
She developed the Theory of Human Caring.The founder of the Center of Human Caring. She was interested in equal rights and opportunities for women.
