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Jan 1, 1441
Ch: 4 African Slavery
As early as 1441, Europeans had been using African slaves. In America, they were mainly used for sugar and tobbacco growing. They were hardy, inexpensive, and easy to replace, making them an abundant resource for plantation owners. -
Jan 1, 1500
Ch: 4 Indians as Slaves
First used by Columbus, they were eventually replaced by African slaves because of their low population numbers and not having immunity to diseases. -
Jan 1, 1501
Ch: 4 Impact on Africa
The date is merely an estimation, as it is impossible to tell exactly when it began affecting Africa. Most likely, it was right away. Millions of Africans were spirited away from thier home land. African economy went from agriculture to trading. Africans began to conduct raids on thier neighbors, and an arms race began. Each country wanted to protect themselves from the raiders, so making better weapons was a logical step. -
Jan 1, 1510
Ch: 4 Mulattoes
People whose parents were of different races such as indian and European. These mulattoes made up a very large percent of the population, and very clearly showed the mingling of cultures in America. -
Ch:3 New England Colonies
These colonies were not like the southern colonies where massive amounts of crops could be grown. Instead, they were cold and had short summers. Instead of becoming a farming society, it instead became a society of "dissenters" who were very deeply rooted in religeon. -
Ch: 3 Jamestown
Named in honor of the king, this small fort was destined to become the first permanent English settlement in North America. This became the first foothold that Great Britain made in the new world. Also, this is important, as the area of Jamestown was already inhabited by Native Americans. By taking thier land, the Indians soon realized that the English were not here to trade. -
Ch: 4 Tidewater Region
The Tobbacco growing region of America. It included Delaware, North Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, and the Albermarle sound. These lands were exceptional for growing tobbacco, and because of that, the land quickly lost nutrients, and farmers had to expand past the "fall line" to continue thier rampant production. -
Ch: 4 Tobbacco Plantations
Tobbacco quickly became a very important export. It could easily be grown in small plots, and marketably too. However, it dried the soil. Plantations brought in large sums of money by using slave labor. Because of thier massive influx of slaves, and massive influx of money that was gained through tobbacco farming, tobbacco became the most important plant in North America. -
Ch: 3 Pilgrims/separatists
They made up the first English colonly in New England. they wanted to separate themselves from the corrupt English church. By fleeing from England, they created thier own church on the new continent of America. -
Ch: 3 Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact, drafted by William Bradford, was the first document that set up a self governing body in North America. It stated that all men would conbine themselves to a civil body politic. -
Ch:3 The Great Migration
A time in which nearly 20,000 puritans would migrate to New England Colonies, making it a puritan stronghold. lasted from 1629 to 1643. Greatly changed the demographic makeup of America, making large portions of it mainly puritan. -
Ch: 4 Florida Slave Policy
This spanish colonly greatly differed from an English one. Essentially gave escaped slaves land and a life. It was really used as a buffer zone in case of invading English. It clearly shows the difference between the Spanish and English nations. -
Ch: 3 Roger Williams
Arrived in New England in 1631. He had beliefs that religion should be separate from the state. This was the first time this had come up, so it was a dangerous idea. Massive religeous upheaval ensued because they were so contradictary to the common belief. -
Ch: 3 The Calverts
The Lords of Baltimore. They were granted 10 million acres of land by the king. Naming their colony Maryland after the king's wife, they formed a proprietary colony. This colonly was the first mainly Catholic colony. -
Ch: 3 Anne Hutchinson
Arriving in New England, she accused ministers of a lack of purity and piety, and held discussions of religeon in her own groups. she was taken to court, and then excommunicated, but she made her own community in 1638. She began to change the idea of how people viewed church as their sole connection to God. -
Ch:5 Harvard
This was the only higher education in New England colonies until 1693. It obviously had a huge effect upon those who attempted its' rigors. It also had the effect of puritans building grammar schools so that thier children could be accepted into this presigious place. -
Ch: 3 The Bay Psalm Book
Was considered the first American English grammer book. It was designed for women so that they could learn grammer, as they were not allowed to attend grammar school. This was a huge step in the teaching of women, and made the puritans the most literate people in America at the time. -
Ch:5 The Bloody Tennent of Persecution
Written by Roger Williams, this book appealed to the idea of religeous acceptance. It gained much support, and became a supported idea. -
Ch: 4 Navigation Acts.
Created the legal structure of Britain's colonial system. It made colonies give thier raw materials to the motherland, and made them buy the finished goods from the motherland as well. Also, goods could only be sold to the motherland. This forced colonist to buy from the motherland only, often at elevated prices, making a great deal of the colonists destitute, or made them rely on black markets to get thier goods. -
Ch: 5 Halfway Covenant
Accepted by the puritans as a neccessity due to thier decreasing numbers, this covenant allowed children who had not recieved a conversion of religeon to join the puritan church as a "halfway", only barring them from the act of communion. This greatly increased the number of people attending the puritan church, and strengthened the puritan church greatly. -
Ch: 3 Bacon's Rebellion
A revolt led by Nathaniel Bacon. He raided and slew nearby indian towns. When he was told to stop by the governer of Jamestown, he instead turned his anger towards Jamestown itself. However, his revolt ended abruptly when he died. This showed the lack of control Jamestown had of its subjects. -
Ch: 3 King Phillip's War
An Indian uprising that took place after the English colonists continued to expand into their territory. It failed miserably, and left the indian population desecrated. -
Ch: 3 William Penn
A wealthy man who partially recieved the rights to a portion of New Jersey, next to the Delawar River. He was determined to make this place a safe haven for Quakers, as well as for anyone else who was religously tolerant. The year after he recieved it, he began making plans for Philadelphia, or "The City of Brotherly Love". -
Ch: 3 Culpepper's Rebellion
A rebellion that took place in the back country of Albemarle. North Carolinians took over a proprietary government, and set up thier own. They were quickly suppressed by English Authorities. This showed that colonists were ready to move on from the proprietary government. -
Ch:5 Sovereignty and the Goodness of God
Written by Mary Rowlandson, this was the first book of the genre of writing known as captivity writing. This was a strictly American genre. Also, this book was written by a women, which showed that women were beginning to have more options in life. However, this would dissappear when the reemergence of religeon occurs. -
Ch: 3 Representative Assembly
A right given to New York in 1683. It allowed the people of New York to have a representative assembly, which was a huge first step in allowing colonists to govern themselves, or become autonomous. -
Ch:5 Letter on Tolerance
Written by John Locke, it was an written saying that churches are voluntary societies, and that they only exist by the will of the people. This was a very different idea for the time, and becuase of it's originality, it gained appeal. -
Ch: 4 King William's War
Pitting England against Spain and France, this was the very first of the numerous and long battle between the warring nations. This war left the losers simmering, which only made them want to win the next war more. -
Ch: 3 Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials took place in Salem, Massachusetts. The importance of this event is that it reflected the stress and tension that was felt by most colonists. It also showed the economic gap between the west (who were the ones accusing) and the east (the victims) in Salem. Also, it showed the utter harshness of the puritan religeon, as 20 "witches" were tried, condemned and executed before the trials were stopped in 1693. -
Ch: 4 Wool Act
Forced colonists to buy wool from the motherland, which made prices higher, and prevented colonists from using thier own abundance of materials. showed the tyrannical rule of England. -
Ch: 5 Enlightenment
The idea that the universe was governed by natural laws that people could understand and apply to give themselves an advantage in life. This completely opposed the general idea that God was unfathomable, and his mysteries could never be understood. It created a large group of followers, most were people who had seen thier life improve since arriving in North America. -
Ch: 5 John Locke
John Locke was the first one who proposed that individuals were indowed with certain unalienable rights. They included Life, Liberty, and Property. These unalienable rights would be changed slightly, then put into the Constitution. Without John Locke, we may have never recieved the rights. -
Ch: 4 Mercantilism
This was essentially the mother country controlling the economy of the state through political control. This is an example of how the mother country uses the colonies for their own gain, without regard of its' residents. -
Ch: 5 Arminianism
Created by Jacobus Arninius, this theory was the belief that men and women could actively shape thier own destinies. This coexisted perfectly with enlightenment. It also became a force at Harvard, which, in part, prompted the creation of Yale. -
Ch:5 Yale
Created in 1701, Yale was a response by the masses because they felt that Harvard was "too liberal". Those who attended this elite school became ministers. This backlash to the liberal Harvard shows the strength that the puritan and evangelical communities had. -
Ch: 4 Virginia Slave Code
It included that beating a slave to death was not a felony, slaves couldn't be freed by baptism, and children inherited the status of thier slave mothers. This slave code effectively ensured that slaves would be slaves forever, and that their master could do what ever they wanted without fear of repurcussions from the law. It became the standard code for other colonies. -
Ch: 5 Saybrook Platform
This agreement changed the governing system of puritan communities froma system of congregation to a system of elders and ministry. This greatly weakened peoples commitment to the church, as well as taking passion from it when they did attend. This made people not want to go to church any more, as they had no say in thier governing. -
Ch: 4 Peace of Utrecht
The Peace treaty made after Queen Anne's War. It gave the British the exclusive rights to the slave trade in North America. This gave Great Britain a huge income, as slave trading was both lucrative and very profitable. -
Ch: 5 Old Lights
A faction that was started by the Great Awakening. They condemned emotional enthusiasm as heresy, claiming that it was a connection to God outside of church. They showed the reemergence of the strict puritanistic ideas during the rebirth of religion in America. -
Ch: 5 New Lights
This group, which sprung from the Great Awakening, railed against the theory of Arminianism, calling it rationalist heracy. They desired to revert to the strict days of Calvanism. -
Ch:5 The Great Awakening
This was the great re-emergence of religeon in the colonies after belief in the church faded away. This reinvigorated churches, and brought the masses back to religeon, strengthening the churches, in both numbers and funds. However, it also split the churches into many smaller factions, creating chaos between themselves. Was one of the first "national events" as it affected almost everyone in North America at the time. -
Ch: 5 Poor Richard's Almanac
Written by Benjamin Franklin, this was an extremely popular almanac. Written through the guise of "Poor Richard", it was one of the prominent methods that the idea of enlightenment was spread throughout the colonies because of its' popularity. Also, it gave general advice that other almanacs did. -
Ch: 4 Hat Act
The hat act force colonists to buy thier hats, which were apparently very necessary, from the motherland. Making any part of a hat, or a entire hat would result in fines. Another example of the overbearing rule of England. -
Ch: 4 King George's War
A war between Great Britain and France. This was the first European war to take place on American soil. Both sides eventually reached a settlement after countless had been killed, with neither side gaining that much. It clearly shows that these nations were always ready to fight with each other, for good reasons or not. -
Ch:5 Log College
Created by William Tennent, this college would later become Princeton. It was designed to train evangelical-minded men to be ministry posts. It is important due to the fact that it was a side effect of the Great Awakening. -
Ch: 4 Iron Act
The Iron Act prohibited colonists from making iron. Instead they had to sell thier materials for low prices to the motherland, and then buy iron back from the motherland at high prices. This type of racket made sure that Great Britain had a constant supply of money and raw materials. -
Blue-ray
The Dawn of a new age, this type of disc can hold over 4 times the data of a standard cd rom. Because of this, there will undoubtably be an increase in both visualy and audio quality. -
My Birthday!!!
My Birthday. Because of this day, I became a person, an actual human being! -
The Flash Drive
One of my favorite inventions. Since its' creation, it has greatly made transporting large amounts of data, such as a 200 page essay, very simple. -
The Twin Towers
One of the most horrific events in our modern history. Because of these attacks, the security of America was put into jeopardy. Also, the invasion of Iraq was a direct effect. -
Invasion of Iraq
The Invasion of Iraq. By invading Iraq, the United States began its ongoing war of terrorism. Also, the dictator Sadam Hussein was overthrown and eventually executed. -
Xbox
The release date of one of the most time-destroying devices ever made. This game platform has wasted countless hours of young teenage boys' lives, and shows no sign of stopping. -
Hurricane Katrina
This devestating hurricane caused an incredible amount of damage, as well as showed the weakness and ineptitude of the head officals of FEMA. Many parts of New Orleans are still decemated from this event. -
Swine Flu!
Omg, i'm going to die! One of the most powerful shows of media hype in the decade, millions of people feared they had, or would get the swine flu, prompting a nationwide panic, and demand for a cure. -
Solar Eclipse
One of the coolest natural events, a solar eclipse will occur in July. This will definitely draw a lot of media attention, as well as cause a large commotion in astronomical circles. -
2012
Apparently the end of our world, as predicted by the Mayan calender. Although i think it is total bunk, many people will live their "last days" as though they have always wanted to spend thier lives, probably going broke in the process and waking up the next day with a feeling of dispair.