1954-1975 Timeline APUSH by abjohnson617

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Nov 4, 1952

<a href='http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/dwightdeisenhower' > Dwight D. Eisenhower was a former war hero and a Republican. He was very popular with the American public and they supported him with "I LIke Ike" buttons. Eisenhower ran against Adlai Stevenson and on November 4th, 1952, won the presidential election with 33,936,234 votes to Stevenson's 27,314,992.

Brown V. Board of Education

May 17, 1954

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Supreme-Court-Ends-School-Segregation.htmlOn this day, the court declared in the case of Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, that segreagation of public schools was "inherently unequal" and unconstitustional. Eisenhower, however did not show any interest in helping solve the racial issue and when this decison was made about desegragating public schools, Eisenhower said it had upset "the customs and convictions of at least two generations of Americans". He refused to issue a public statement supporting the courts decision.

Joseph McCarthy

Jun 2, 1954

<a href='http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mccarthy-charges-communists-are-in-the-cia' > One of the problems Eisenhower faced was the popularity and power of anticommunist, Wisconsin Republican senator, Joseph R. McCarthy. On June 2nd, 1954, McCarthy accused that there were communists in the CIA. Eisenhower secretly hated him but made sure to stay out of his way and the Senate eventually condemned him of "conduct unbecoming a member".

Mattachine Society

Apr 22, 1955

http://microformguides.gale.com/Data/Introductions/20230FM.htm</a> The Mattachine Society was founded in New York in 1955. The society was a non-profit organization that educated the public on homosexuality. It did everything from helping gays with individual problems that come with being homosexual to changing people's attitudes towards gays, to fighting for gay rights.

Rosa Parks

Dec 1, 1955

<a href='http://www.rosaparksfacts.com/rosa-parks-civil-rights-movement.php' > On December 1st, 1955, Rosa Parks, a black woman, got on the bus in Montgomery, Alabama, paid her bus fee, and sat down in a seat. There were four whites left standing and the bus driver made four blacks stand up and give their seats to these white people, but Rosa Parks refused. She was arrested and started a whole movement.

The Montgomery bus boycott

Dec 1, 1955

<a href='http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/civilrights-55-65/montbus.html' >
The Montgomery bus boycott was sparked by the actions of Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white. Blacks in Montgomery refused to take the bus until they could get equal rights and sit wherever they wanted. They boycotted by walking, taking taxies, riding bikes, or anything else that did not involve taking the bus.

Interstate Highway Act of 1956

Jan 5, 1956

<a href='http://nationalatlas.gov/articles/transportation/a_highway.html' >Eisenhower backed the Interstate Highway Act of 1956 which was a $27 billion plan to build forty-two thousand miles of motorways across America. This gave countless construction jobs and sped up the suburbanization of America. This act offered benefits to trucking, automobile, oil and travel industries but also robbed the railroads of business. It also made the air quality poorer and had a negative effect for cities whose downtowns withered away while shopping malls in the suburbs flourished.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Jan 10, 1957

http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/southern-christian-leadership-conference-1957</a> The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was formed in Atlanta Georgia after the Montgomery Bus Boycott, by Martin Luther King and 60 other black ministers and civil rights leaders. It's goal was to mobilize the power of black churches on behalf of black rights.

Sit in Movement

Feb 1, 1960

<a href='http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/6-legacy/freedom-struggle-2.html' >The "Sit-In" Movement was launched february 1st, 1960 by four black college freshmen in Greensboro, North Carolina. They spontaneously demanded service at a whites-only Woolworth's lunch counter. They were refused service and the next day they showed up with nineteen classmates, then the following day, eighty-five, and by the end of the week, a thousand. This started a whole movement of differnent sit-ins across the South.

John F. Kennedy Wins the Election

Nov 8, 1960

<a href='http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy' > On November 8th, 1960, John F. Kennedy was elected president. It was a close call and in the popular vote, his margin over Richard Nixon was 118,550 out of a total of nearly 69 million votes. Kennedy was popular in many industrial and urban states, giving him a majority of 303 to 219 in the electoral vote. Kennedy was the youngest man to be elected president and the only Catholic.

Birmingham, Alabama

May 21, 1963

https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=birmingham,+alabama+1963&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.r_qf.&bvm=bv.45512109,d.cGE&biw=1024&bih=667&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=QHZ0UY2KKImRiQKd64HgBA#imgrc=pEOfFAdrVc5o8M:;yqoBeduSeC5pbM;http%3A%2F%2Fwww.global1.youth-leader.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2011%2F10%2Fchildrens-march1.jpg;http%3A%2F%2Fwww.global1.youth-leader.org%2F2011%2F10%2Fhow-a-march-by-children-ended-segregation-in-usas-most-segregated-town%2F;470;325</a>In the spring of 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. launched a campaign against discrimination in Birmigham, Alabama, the most segregated city in America. Birmingham police would set loose vicious dogs and spray high-pressured water hoses at marchers that had the force to knock bricks loose from buildings. The acts of cruelty done to these peacful civil rights protesters brought attention to the horrible discrimination that still took place in America.

March On Washington

Aug 28, 1963

<a href='http://brendablackmonmy9.wordpress.com/2008/08/28/this-date-3x-remembered/'>
On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. led a march to Washington, DC in support of a proposed legislation to protect black citizens by President Kennedy. At the Lincoln memorial, King gave his famous and inspiring "I Have a Dream" speech.

President Lyndon B. Johnson

Nov 22, 1963

<a href='http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/lyndonbjohnson'> Johnson was vice president to Kennedy and when Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, Johnson was sworn in as President. He started right away on a new civil rights bill and tax cuts that Kennedy was working on before his death. With Johnson's presidency, America made spectacular explorations of space.

Gulf Of Tonkin Incident

Aug 2, 1964

<a href='http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread916655/pg1' > On August 2nd, 1964, the USS Maddox was attacked by three North Vietnamese motor torpedo boats on the Gulf Of Tonkin near Vietnam. A few days after the attack, the US passed the Tonkin Gulf Resolution which allowed the government to fight back and defend themselves against Vietnam. The US aircraft then bombed four torpedo boat bases in Vietnam.

Operation Rolling Thunder

Mar 1, 1965

<a href='http://www.history.com/topics/operation-rolling-thunder' >Rolling thunder was when the US military airforce bombed targets throughout North Vietnam from March 1965- October 1968. This bombardment was intended to put pressure on North Vietnam's Communist leaders and reduce their ability to wage war on the US. This operation was the first US assult on North Vietnamese territory.

Nixon makes changes to the Supreme Court

Apr 22, 1965

<a href='http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_griswold.html' >In the 60's, the US Supreme Court ruled many cases that affected sexual freedom, civil rights and the structure of political representation. One of the first court cases of this sort was Griswold V. Connecticut in 1965 where the Court struck down a state law that prohibited the use of contraceptives. To change the Courts way of thinking, Nixon sought 4 appointees to interpret the constitution and cease "meddling" in social and political questions.

Medicare

Jul 30, 1965

<a href='http://www.aarp.org/health/medicare-insurance/info-07-2012/medicare-turns-47.html'> On July 30th, 1965, President Johnson signed the Medicare bill. Medicare provides health insurance to American citizens 65 years and older and to younger citizens with certain health problems or disabilities.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Aug 5, 1965

<a href='http://www.secondpagemedia.com/jadblog/2012/07/for-some-reason-the-voting-rights-act-is-being-challenged-in-court/'> The voting Rights Act of 1965 made it so states can't discriminate against who gets to vote. But voting for Blacks still remained a problem. In Mississippi, for example, only 5 percent of eligible blacks were registered to vote due to requirements such as the poll tax and literacy test which made it so that most black could not vote.

Black Panther Party

Oct 22, 1966

<a href='http://www.marxists.org/history/usa/workers/black-panthers/' > In October of 1966, the Black Panther Party for Self Defense was founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, California. By this time, the civil rights movement took a turn from peaceful to militant. The party practiced self defense of minoriy communities against the police and U.S. government through community based programs.

The Tet Offensive

Jan 31, 1968

<a href='http://www.history.com/topics/tet-offensive' >On this day, about 70,000 North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces launched the Tet Offensive which was a series of attacks on more than 100 cites and towns in South Vietnam. Although the US and South Vietnam managed to hold off the communist attacks, Americans saw through the media how horrible the war was which made them against the war even more so. North Vietnam acheived a strategic victory with the Tet Offensive and the US started to slowly pull themselves out of the war.

My Lai Massacre

Mar 16, 1968

<a href='' >http://www.onthisdeity.com/16th-march-1968-%E2%80%93-the-my-lai-massacre/</a>The My Lai Massacre took place on March 16th, 1968 and was a massacre by US army soilders of about 504 unarmed South Vietnamese citizens. Victims included women,men, children and infants. Some of the women were even gang raped and some bodies were found mutilated. This massacre took place at My Lai and My Khe of Son My village.

Richard M. Nixon

Nov 5, 1968

<a href='http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon' > Republic Richard Nixon and former vice president was elected president on November 5th, 1968. Nixon got 301 electoral votes with a 43.4 percent of the popular tally compared to 191 electoral votes and 42.7 percent of the popular votes for Humphrey. During his Presidency, Nixon succeeded in ending American fighting in Viet Nam and improving relations with the U.S.S.R. and China

Vietnamization

Jan 20, 1969

<a href='http://www.history.com/topics/vietnamization' > Nixon was inaugurated on January 20th, 1969 and later talked about a policy called "Vietnamization". In this policy, he planned to withdraw the 540,000 US troops in South Vietnam over an extended period. The south Vietnamese could then slowly take charge of the war with the help of American money, weapons, training and advice.

Nixon Approves Welfare Programs

Apr 22, 1972

<a href='http://www.biography.com/people/richard-nixon-9424076' > Nixon approved programs such as Food Stamps, Medicaid, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and added a new program called Supplemental Security Income to assist the indigent aged, blind, and disabled. He signed legislation in 1972 guarenteeing automatic Social Security cost-of-living increases to protect the elderly against inflation when prices rose more than 3 percent in any year.

Watergate Scandal

Jun 17, 1972

http://www.authentichistory.com/1961-1974/6-nixon/3-watergate/popculture/</a> On June 17th, 1972, five men were arrested after trying to put eavesdropping decives in the Democratic party's headquarters. It was revealed that they were working for the Republican committee for the re-election of Nixon. Nixon also had tapes with vital evidence from the scandal that he refused to hand over.

Paris Peace Accords

Jan 27, 1973

http://hnn.us/articles/paris-peace-accords-were-deadly-deception</a> The Paris Peace Accords were signed on January 27th,1973 and was an agreement on ending the Vietnam war and restoring peace in Vietnam. The Peace Accord ended direct US military involvement and temporarily stopped the fighting between North and South Vietnam.

Energy Crisis

Oct 22, 1973

http://newstalgia.crooksandliars.com/gordonskene/newstalgia-reference-room-1973-gasener</a>
Late October, 1973, the Arab nations suddenly clamped an embargo on oil for the United States and other countries supporting Israel. Americans then suffered through a oil/ energy crisis

Nixon resigns

Aug 8, 1974

<a href='http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0808.html'>
On August 8th, 1974, Nixon resigned. He was in trouble for many things including witholding information, using the FBI and CIA for the wrong reasons, and paying "hush money" to keep men quiet so he resigned so he wouldn't get kicked out of office.

Gerald R Ford

Aug 9, 1974

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford</a> Gerald Rudolph Ford was the first man to be made president by a vote of Congress and entered his presidency in August 9th, 1974.Ford was confronted with almost insuperable tasks. Ford came into the presidency with challenges of inflation, reviving a depressed economy, solving chronic energy shortages, and trying to ensure world peace.

Milliken v. Bradley

Jul 25, 1975

http://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/418/717/case.html</a>In the Supreme Court Case of Milliken v. Bradley, it was ruled that desegregation plans could not require students to move across school district line. This reinforced "white flight" from cities to suburbs.