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276
Eratosthenes
He was the first person to use the word "geography" and invented the discipline of geography as we understand it. He invented a system of latitude and longitude. He was the first person to calculate the circumference of the earth by using a measuring system using stades, or the length of stadiums during that time peiod. He was the first person to prove that the Earth was round. He was the first to calculate the tilt of the Earth's axis. -
325
Pytheas
He travelled around and visited a considerable part of Great Britain. Some of his observations may be the earliest report of Stonehenge. Pytheas is the first person on record to describe the Midnight Sun, polar ice, Germanic and possibly Finnic tribes. -
Mar 4, 1394
Prince Henry the Navigator
In 1427, one of Henry's navigators, probably Gonçalo Velho, discovered the Azores. Portugal soon colonized these islands in 1430. -
Jan 1, 1480
Ferdinand Magellan
Magellan's expedition of 1519–1522 became the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean (then named "peaceful sea" by Magellan -
Jan 1, 1490
SONAR
(SOund Navigation And Ranging) A technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in Submarine navigation) to navigate, communicate with or detect other vessels. -
Jan 1, 1535
Diving Bell
is a cable-suspended airtight chamber, open at the bottom like a moon pool structure, that is lowered underwater to operate as a base or a means of transport for a small number of divers. -
Benjamin Franklin
was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. -
James Cook
Cook charted many areas and recorded several islands and coastlines on European maps for the first time. -
Mathew Maury
Maury made many important new contributions to charting winds and ocean currents, including ocean lanes for passing ships at sea. -
Challenger Expedition
Was a scientific exercise that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of oceanography. The expedition was named after the mother vessel, HMS Challenger. -
Marianas Trench
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans, and the lowest elevation of the surface of the Earth's crust. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. -
Bathysphere
The vessel was designed by Captain John H. J. Butler, an engineer with Cox & Stevens, Inc., the firm that Barton hired in 1929 to construct his "diving tank". -
Plate Techtonics
A scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of Earth's lithosphere. -
Ptolemy
He was a Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet
