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Sweatshops
This was a factory or workshop, especially in the clothing industry, where manual workers are employed at very low wages for long hours and under poor conditions. -
Mormons
During the 1800s, the Mormon denomination attracted many converts. -
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John D Rockefeller
He was an American oil industry business magnate and philanthropist. He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time, and the richest person in modern history. -
Telephone
Antonio Meucci, an Italian immigrant, began developing the design of a talking telegraph or telephone. Alexander Graham Bell is the father of the telephone. After all it was his design that was first patented. -
Elevators
The man who solved the elevator safety problem, making skyscrapers possible, was Elisha Otis, who is generally known as the inventor of the modern elevator. -
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Frederick Jackson Turner
He was an American historian in the early 20th century, based at the University of Wisconsin until 1910, and then at Harvard. He trained many PhDs who came to occupy prominent places in the history profession. -
Homestead Act
This act encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land. -
Transcontinental Railroad
This was a train route across the United States. It was the project of two railroad companies: the Union Pacific built from the east, and the Central Pacific built from the west. The two lines met in Utah. -
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Miners
There was a mining boom at this point in history. Mining was a dangerous job for many reasons. It was long, hard hours with low wages. -
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Spectator Sports
This is a sport that is characterized by the presence of spectators, or watchers, at its competitions. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
This was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States. It was passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. -
Sod Houses
The sod house or "soddy" came after the log cabin during frontier settlement of Canada and the United States. The prairie did not have standard building materials such as wood or stone; however, there was lots of sod from thickly-rooted prairie grass. -
Oklahoma Land Rush
This was the first land rush into the Unassigned Lands. The area that was opened to settlement included all or part of the present-day Canadian, Cleveland, Kingfisher, Logan, and more. -
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Ellis Island
This was a small island in New York Harbor. Twelve million immigrants entered the United States through it during this time. -
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Homestead Strike
This was also known as the Homestead Steel Strike, Pinkerton Rebellion, or Homestead Massacre, was an industrial lockout and strike. -
Pullman Strike
This was a nationwide railroad strike in the United States. It was a turning point for US labor law. It pitted the American Railway Union (ARU) against the Pullman Company, the main railroads, and the federal government of the United States under President Grover Cleveland. -
Dumbbell Tenements
Old Law Tenements are tenements built in New York City after the Tenement House Act of 1879 and before the New York State Tenement House Act of 1901. -
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Angel Island
This was another immigration station located in San Francisco Bay, California where immigrants entering the United States were detained and interrogated. -
Women's Suffrage
This is the right of women to vote in elections. Limited voting rights were gained by women in Finland, Iceland, Sweden and some Australian colonies and western U.S. states in the late 19th century. -
Refrigerator Cars
The refrigerator car was part of Lionel's new line of close-to-scale freight cars.