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Enlightenment thinkers.
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Publication of Leviathan
Back in April 1651 Thomas Hobbes but out and published the Leviathan. This piece of work he composed delves into the structure of society and government, and is still regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory. -
Publication of Two Treatises of Government
The Two Treatises of Government contains many ideas and proposes many of John Locke's government philosophy's. This work was an example of a response to the political situation in England which had a lot of problems at the time. -
Publication of The Spirit of Laws
The Spirit of Laws is a treatise on political theory, as well as a work in comparative law, published in 1748 by Baron de Montesquieu. This document goes over a proposition of dividing power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. -
King Louis XVI becomes king
During May 1774 Louis Auguste became Louis XVI upon the death of his grandfather and previous king Louis XV. At the time he was only 20 years old, Louis XVI was deemed immature and lacked confidence in himself and the government. Louis XVI wanted to be a good king and help his subjects but ended up facing enormous debt and rising resentment towards the monarchy. -
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French Revolution
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Tennis Court Oath Taken
During late June 1789, the members of the French Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath and voted "not to separate and to reassemble wherever necessary, until the Constitution of the kingdom is established". It was a pivotal event in the French Revolution and changed a lot of laws for the French people. -
Storming of the Bastille
In July 1789, a state prison on the east side of Paris called the Bastille, was attacked by an angry and very aggressive and dangerous mob. The prison had become a symbol of the monarchy's dictatorial rule, and the event became one of the defining moments in the Revolution that followed and ultimately caused the start of the revolution. -
Beginning of the Great Fear
The Great Fear was a general and major crisis that took place between 22 July to 6 August 1789 at the start of the French Revolution. The main fear was that the King planned on punishing them and ending the revolution. Rumors spread like wildfire which caused people to panic and a great fear swept through France. -
Publication of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was proposed by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789. This work is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. The Declaration was drafted by many philosophers and politicians such as Abbé Sieyès, Marquis de Lafayette, and Thomas Jefferson. -
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Haitian Revolution
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Slaves rise up on northern plantations of St. Domingue
The start of this revolution occurred when the slave rebelled against their owners. The slaves were here to help Saint-Domingue, This place ended up being the most profitable French colony in the world.
Slavery sustained sugar production under harsh conditions, including the unhealthy climate of the Caribbean, where diseases such as malaria and yellow fever caused high mortality. -
Publication of Vindication of the Rights of Women
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was a ground-breaking work of literature which still resonates in feminism and human rights movements of today. Wollstonecraft wrote the book as a reaction to Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the French Revolution. This work gave women a voice and was very inspirational and motivating for the Women of France. -
King Louis XVI executed by guillotine
Only 1 day after being convicted guilty of conspiracy with foreign powers the King was sentenced to death by the French National Convention. King Louis XVI was executed by guillotine in the Place de la Revolution in Paris in front of the people of France. -
Reign of Terror begins
In early September The Reign of Terror begins when Robespierre declares Terror "the order of the day." This marks the beginning of almost two years of repressing perceived enemies of the Revolution. It claimed an estimated 18,500-40,000 lives before its end in July 1794. -
War of Knives begins for control of St. Domingue
The War of Knives also known as the War of the South, was a civil war from June 1799 to July 1800 between the Haitian revolutionary war. They fought over control of the French colony of Saint-Domingue during the war. Their conflict followed the withdrawal of British forces from the colony during the early stages of the Haitian Revolution. The war resulted in Toussaint taking control of the entirety of Saint-Domingue, and Rigaud fleeing into exile. -
Dessalines creates the flag of Haiti
Haiti's very first flag as an independent nation is said to be created by revolutionary Jean-Jacques Dessalines. It's widely rumored that he took a French flag, tore out the white strands and then sewed the red and blue together to make the first Haitian flag. -
Dessalines proclaims Haiti’s independence
Haitis long path to independence started when they expelled the French from Saint-Domingue, and on January 1, 1804, Dessalines, as governor-general, announced the entire island of Hispaniola an independent country under the name Haiti. -
Mexico declares independence from Spain
By the 19th century many Mexicans were fed up and wanted to separate from Spain and create a sovereign government that would act on their own interests. The desire for independence from Spanish rule first formally emerged in 1810. -
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The Revolutions of Latin and South America
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Battle of Chacabuco
The Battle of Chacabuco was a Latin American war for independence, a victory won by South American patriots over Spanish royalists north of Santiago, Chile. It began the expulsion of the Spaniards from Chile, completed the next year at the Battle of Maipú. -
Battle of Boyaca
The battle of Boyaca is considered the beginning of the independence of the North of South America, and is considered important because it led to the victories of the battle of Carabobo in Venezuela, Pichincha in Ecuador, and Junín and Ayacucho in Peru. This battle was sparked when South American insurgents took over Spanish forces. It ended up freeing New Granada (Colombia) from Spanish control. -
Peru declares independence
The Peruvian War of Independence was composed of a series of military conflicts in Peru beginning with military reconquest in 1811 in the battle of Guaqui. Peruvian independence was finally declared on July 28, Spanish power was broken and Peru's independence ensured for all the citizens of that country. -
Gran Columbia formed
The Gran Colombia formed in South America by 1819.Being Led by Venezuelan military Libertador Simón Bolívar, Gran Colombia fought to unite regions covering present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, Ecuador, and parts of Peru and Brazil.
