-
Aug 3, 1492
Columbus arrives
- Columbus Exchange Spain sends conquistadors & Armada Spain sets up Encomiendas Three ships~Nina, Pinta ,Santa Maria
-
England defeats Spanish Armanda
England becomes superpower and begins colonization, under the commands of Duke of Medina Sidonia -
Jamestown
Virginia company ~Backer company
Joint Stock company ~investor Backed
Leader~ Captain John smith
1609-1610 desperate times
Powhatan Confederacy aides Jamestown
Tobacco , cash crop, Saves colony from extinction
Chesapeake becomes name of The surrounding area
Indentured Servants~Popular and useful
1618 ~50 acres given to a plantation owner who sponsored people over to america. -
House of Burgesses
First government in colonies
White property ~owning males could vote
Slavery begins in English colonies -
Separatists leave England accidentally
Arrived in Massachusetts in Mayflower
Plymouth~settlement
Mayflower compacts power came from governed not from god
Aid from local Indians to further the settlement -
Massachusetts bay colony
Congregationalists ,John Winthrop,City on a hill
Idea??~Puritan and Calvinist idea
Ex.Religious Intolerance
Roger Williams banished ,Created Rhode island ~free religion
Anne Hutchinson
1629-42 Great Puritan Migration
1649-1660~little Immigration because England was mainly Puritan
Deputy governor~ Thomas Dudley -
Connecticut gets charter for being a colony
Maryland,Lord Baltimore, Haven for Christmas & Catholics
1649~Act of Toleration protects Christians,Lacked characteristics of a constitution. -
bacon´s Rebellion
Settlers v. Indian =problem
Governor Berkeley- was corrupt,the elite group wants to get the best land ,did not protect back country farmers
Nathanial Bacon- Led to the frontier farm and raids against the Indians and burned Jamestown which led to the creation of the black codes.Held by Virginia settlers -
Salem Witch Trails
Many executions ,Unrest in religion ,Politics and gender led to the witch hysteria
Witchcraft,Massachusetts,
February 1692-May 1693 -
7 years war French~ Indian war
British wins ~ but also leads to Anti~British sentiment
1754~1763
Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended it -
Albany plan by Ben Franklin
Defense,
Government plans
Not accepted
reform colonial-imperial relations
Benjamin Franklin
Join or die -
Proclamation of 1763
Forbids colonial settlement past Appalachian Mountains
Angered colonists
End of salutary Neglect
turning point of Britain~colonial relations
Line of proclamation -
Sugar act
Stop smuggling
Currency act ~ Colonists Can¨t make paper money -
Stamp act
Direct tax or revenue
Broad tax covered legal documents too
Affected almost everyone, especially literate and lawyers
taxed goods made in the colonies
No taxation without representation
British response ~virtual representation
Stamp Act congress Formed boycotts~ Act repealed
Declaratory act passed ~parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies -
Townshend act
Taxed goods imported from Britain
Paid for government officials salaries
More vice admiralty court created
Suspended NY legislation
¨writ of assistance¨ British can search anywhere , soldiers sent to Boston to keep the peace
On March 5, 1770 colonists protest
On 1769 Townshend duties repealed -
Boston Massacre
British troops
Major turning point in american revolution
Helped spark American independence -
Boston Tea Party
Tea Tax protest
America winning its independence from Britain -
Coercive Acts~ Intolerable Acts
Closed Boston port; except for essentials
colonists had to house soldiers -
First continental congress
Georgia
Goals ~ determine grievances
Address Actions to grievances such as boycotts
Parameters which were considered Parliamentary interference -
second continental congress
Established continental army
Printing money
Established government offices for policies
George Washington~leader of army -
Battles of Lexington and concord
Concord -Shot heard round The world
British won
Samuel Adams and John Hancock ~Leaders -
Olive branch Petition
America wants reconciliation with Britain
Last attempt to avoid armed conflict
King George III ignored it -
Common sense ~ Thomas Paine
advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies
Why should an island rule a continent? Colonists have suffered abuses by British government -
Declaration of independence
Thomas Jefferson commissioned to write Declaration of independence
Signed August , 2,1776 -
Articles of confederation
first central government
lacked ability to tax,declare, form a military -
Franco ~American Alliance
negotiated by Ben Franklin
Brings French into war on the colonists side
Battle of Saratoga -
Treaty of Paris
Gave US land and independence
ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France -
Constitutional convention
NJ plan support small states , equal representation
Virginia plan checks and balances , supporting large states, representation based on population
Great compromise ~ bicameral
House of Representatives~representation according to population
Senate ~equal, 2 per state
3/5th compromise : slaves population , and empowered Southern states -
Election of Washington
Cabinet Jefferson (secretary of state ) Hamilton (treasury)
National Bank created
Hamilton´s financial plan to reduce debt
Neutrality Proclamation
Pinckney´s treaty 1796
No third term -
Constitutional is effective
September 17, 1787 approved the constitution
effective for the ratifying states when New Hampshire is the ninth state to ratify it. July ,21 ,1788 -
Bill of rights added
Freedom of speech.
Freedom of the press.
Freedom of religion.
Freedom of assembly.
Right to petition the government
10 amendments -
John Adams
XZY affair
Alien &sedition acts
VA& KY resolutions ~ nullification
Midnight appointments~Ãdams placed more Judges in Judicial positions with Federalists
leads to Marbury V. Madison -
Farewell Address~neutrality championed
avoid political parties and issued a special warning to be wary of attachments and entanglements with other nations -
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark
provided a powerful impetus to westward expansion
confirmed the doctrine of implied powers of the federal Constitution -
Jefferson re~Elected
British impressment
Embargo act 1807& Non intercourse act 1809 both hurt American economy -
James Madison
Macon´s bill #2 doesn't work
Attacks from Britain and France
Declared War on Britain in 1812 short war , Treaty of Ghent
Battle of new Orleans ~ Jackson wins
Hartford Convention ~ end of federalist party
American system ~ tariff , Roads, re~charted National Bank ~ protective
Lobbied by Henry Clay -
James Monroe
the Monroe Doctrine.
5th president -
Corrupt Bargain Henry Clay became sec. of state & JQA President
Dem. Party formed with Andrew Jackson supporters -
Era of good feelings
first political party in America
McCullough V. Maryland States can¨t tax national Banks
Panic of 1819~ people couldn¨t pay loans
Re~election
Adams ~Onis Treaty 1819 ~Flordia acquired from Spain
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise by Henry Clay
Missouri Slave state
Maine free state
36 30 Slavery is below that -
Jackson presidency begins
¨Era of common Man¨ Universal white male Suffrage -
Indian removal Act ~ trail of tears
Tariff of 1832 Nullification issues
Vetoed second bank of US Charter
Specie Circular
Panic of 1837
Nat turners Rebellion fails
Black codes
Whig party emerges
Anti~democratic party -
Martin Van Buren Becomes president
Panic of 1837
tenth secretary of state
Under president Andrew Jackson -
William Henry Harrison dies one month in office
becoming the first president to die in office -
John Tyler
Becomes president
¨President without a Party¨
second great awakening 1790-1840
Temperance
slavery, Abolition
Reforms of society -
Polk elected
he reduced tariffs, reformed the national banking system, Oregon Territory -
Texas annexed
Texas clearly favored slavery
Free state vs slave state -
Mexican ~American war
The Wilmot proviso Defeated quickly -
Oregon treaty
Oregon treaty established northern border with Canada
American Acquires OR,WA , parts of ID , WY, MT -
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
ends Mexican ~American war
Mexican cession $15 million for C (alifornia) A (rizona) N(evada) C(olorado) U(tah) N(ew mexico) -
Zachary Taylor elected
Last Whig elected
1850 Taylor dies : Fillmore takes over -
Compromise of 1850
Written by Stephan Douglas & Henry Clay
CA is a stare
Stronger fugitive Slave law UT & WM territory created; popular sovereignty will decide slave or free eventually
Abolished slave trade in DC -
Franklin Pierce elected
14th president
temperance movement
signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act -
Uncle Tom´s Cabin published
Harriet Beecher Stowe
shared ideas about the injustices of slavery, pushing back against beliefs about the physical and emotional capacities of black people -
Kansas Nebraska Act
Repealed Missouri compromise
Championed popular sovereignty will decide slave or free eventually
abolished slave trade in DC -
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state
A series of violet conflicts on Kansas Territory
Because being free of slavery -
Bleeding sumner
Slavery
Nearly almost killed Sumner
Led to civil war -
Lincoln ~Douglass debates
Freeport Doctrine -
John Brown Raid on Harper´s Ferry
Trying to slavery -
SC seceded
7 more join to form CSA with Jefferson Davis as president
South Carolina -
Fort sumnter
civil war begins -
Emancipation Proclamation
Gaining freedom for slaves in the Confederate states ..if they did not return to the union -
Freedman´s Bureau established and Lincoln assassination
In April 1865 ~ war ended and Lincoln assassinated -
Reconstruction Begins
10% plan
Wade - Davis bill ~ Lincoln vetoed it
Johnson´s Reconstruction plan ~ kind of a combo of 10% +W-D Bill
Black codes instituted in South
14th amendment -
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
Divide the south into five military distracts and to make sure that the officers rewrote their constitutions -
15th amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. -
compromise of 1877
Hayes = president
Military reconstruction ends in the south -
McKinley Tariff
Sherman Anti~Trust Act -
WIlson~Gorman Tariff
lower tariffs would open markets abroad for American goods,reduced tariff rates -
Progessive era
The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States that spanned the 1890s to the 1920s. -
Spanish American war/Gilded age
Americans drive spanish out of cuba & Phillippines
treaty of Paris ends war -
Platt Amendment
Limited Cuba rights to make treaties with other nations and commercial relations -
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
Big stick Policy
America Not involved in Europe
Involved in western Hemisphere -
WIlson elected
Woodrow WIlson -
Neutrality Declared
Proclamation of Neutrality ....The United states were being Neutral unless told other wise -
Period: to
WW1
World War I was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 -
Lusitania sunk
it was important because it risked many peoples lives at the hands of Germans -
The sinking of the Lusitania
In Europe in 1914 A great thunderhead happened which resulted in Building and gathering steam. -
Zimmerman Telegram
A secret communication
Germany and Mexico -
The Zimmerman note
The Zimmerman note was the event that caused the United States to join WWI. -
Espionage Act
made it a crime to share information to inference the success of the country enemies -
Declared war on Germany
United States to declare war on Germany -
fourteen points league of nations
President Wilson proposed Fourteen points. Of these points last which was called League of Nations -
The treaty of their side
The treaty of their side was the treaty that ended World War I in June 1919. -
Period: to
Women sufferage or the nineteenth amendment
Approved by the Senate on June 4, 1919, and ratified in August 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment marked one stage in women's long fight for political equality. -
14 points
League of nations made it not pass in congress because WIlson was unwilling to compromise -
Women´s right to vote
August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote. -
Voting
Between 1878, when the amendment was first introduced in Congress, and August 18, 1920, when it was ratified, champions of voting rights for women worked tirelessly, but strategies for achieving their goal varied. -
Immigration Act
Immigration Act of 1924 affected immigration by Almost unrestricted immigration to the United States. -
The Scopes Monkey Trial
.The Scopes Monkey Trial was A giant clash between Anti Religious thought and Religious thought and was the period were they made it illegal to teach Darwinian in public schools -
Roaring 20´s depression
Harding~ scandals 1921
1923 ~Coolidge
Business
cars
October 1929 ~stock Market Crash
Great depression begins
1932 ~FDR
100 days
New deal implemented
scopes trail
prohibition, 18th amendment jazz Harlem Renaissance -
The fight rule
The work or fight rule was Drafting people into war that didn't have a job. As the men were leaving the workforce women took up their jobs. -
New deal & WW2
Banking Act of 1933
FDIC
AAA(Agricultural)
PWA(Public Works)
SEC(Securities &Exchange Commission)
1934~ second New deal
WPA
Social security
Good Neighbor policy
1935~1937 ~3 Neutrality acts
1940~Selective Training & service Act of 1940
1941 ~Lend ~lease act
Atlantic Charter Conference with Churchill
December 7 ,1941 ~Pearl Harbor Attacked
June 6,1944~D~day
Feb 1945~ Yalta conference
Potsdam~ determined A~bomb
1945~ FDR dies ~Truman becomes president
August 1945~Hiroshima & Nagasaki -
Post WW2 & Cold war
1947~ Truman Doctrine , Financial support of anti~communist nations for containment communism
Marshall plan,1949 NATO~ leads to CIA in America
1950~McCarthyism ~ Joseph McCarthy =names of communists in American government
1950-1953 Korean war ; Civil rights movement begins
Dwight Eisenhower =President
1954~Army McCarthy trails ends scare -
civil rights movement
Jfk* freedom rides:try to end segregation in bus facilities , JFK sent troops to allow James Meredith to register at Univ. of Miss. MlK and other civil rights activists were thrown in jail Birmingham, Alabama ´Letter from a Birmingham Jail´ -
Birth control
in 1960 that birth control became legal nationwide in the U.S. -
march on Washington~ civil rights act
¨i have a dream speech¨ Civil rights act (1964) segregation illegal in all public facilities & established Equal Employment Opportunity commission that banned discrimination in employment -
1969~1979
1974~ Nixon resigns
1974~ Gerald ford is president ; pardons Nixon
1977~Jimmy Carter elected president
1979~ 3-Mile island nuclear failure -
1954
Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka
1956~ Suez Crisis
1957~sputnik launched leads to NASA being established
1960 U-2 incident
1961 ~ JFK becomes President ,Bay of pigs 1961 ~Vietnam Conflict begins
1962 ~Cuban missile Crisis
1963~ JFK assassinated ; LBJ becomes president
1964~ Civil rights Act of 1964 ~Vietnam :Gulf of Tonkin
1965~Great society legislation
1969~ Nixon is President 1969~1979~ Detente
1969~ Moon landing
1971~ America off gold standard
1972~Watergate scandal -
1980~2000
1981~First space shuttle launched
1983~Strategic Defense Initiative =¨Star wars¨
1986~Iran ~ Contra Scandal
1989~George H.W. Bush elected president
1990~1991,Persian Gulf War
1991~Operation Desert storm
1993~William ¨Bill"Clinton elected President
1994~NAFTA=North American Free Trade Agreement established
2000~George W. Bush Elected President, Wins amid Controversy
Sep.11,2001 Terrorist Attacks
2001~Patriot act -
Ronald Reagan Elected President
But soon shot by John Hinckley Jr.
