The Crusades

By sgriffiths
  • Jan 1, 1096

    The First Crusade (1096-1099)

    The First Crusade (also known as "The People's Crusade") was a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europle to get back the Holy Lands that was taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632-662), which resulted to the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. Pope Urban launched it on the 27th November, 1095. The First Crusade was led by Count Raymond IV of Toulouse and proclaimed by the many wandering preachers, notably Peter the Hermit.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1096 to Jan 1, 1272

    The Crusades

    The Crusades were any of the military expeditions undertaken by the Christians of Europe in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries for the recovery of the Holy Land from the Muslims.
  • Jan 1, 1144

    The Second Crusade (1144-1155)

    This was the second major Crusade that was launched from Europe. It started in response to the fall of the County of Edessa the previous year to the forces of Zengi. The Second Crusade was declared by Pope Eugene III and it was the first of the crusades to be led by the Euorpean Kings (Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany) and they had help from numerous of other European nobles. The armies of the two Kings, marched separately across Europe. The Crusaders prepared to attack Damascus.
  • Jan 1, 1187

    The Third Crusade (1187-1192)

    The Third Crusade (also known as "The King's Crusade"), it was an attempt by the European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Saladin. It was successful, but it then fell short of it's ulimate goal (the reconquest of Jerusalem). This Crusade was led by Richard the Lionheart of England, Philip II of France, and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Richard I called a truce with Saladin.
  • Jan 1, 1202

    The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204)

    The Fourth Crusade was orginally intended to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem by the means of an invasion through Egypt. Instead, during April 1204, the Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and conquered the Christian (Eastern Orthodox) city of Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire). This is viewed as one of the final acts in the Great Schism between the Eastern Orthodox Church & the Roman Catholic Church. The Crusade was led by Fulk of Neuil.
  • Jan 1, 1212

    The Children's Crusade (1212)

    This is a name given to a disastrous Crusade by Christian children to get rid of the Muslims from the Holy Land that was said to have taken place in 1212, but its now not believed to have occurred as chronicled. The Children's Crusade was led by a French peasant boy by the name of Stephen of Cloyes.
  • Jan 1, 1217

    The Fifth Crusade (1217-1221)

    This was an attempt to reacquire Jerusalem & the rest of the Holy Land by conquering the powerful Ayyubis state in Egypt. This Crusade was led by King Andrew II of Hungary, Duke Leopold VI of Austria, and John of Brienne.
  • Jan 1, 1228

    The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229)

    The Sixth Crusade was an attempt to get back Jerusalem. This Crusade began seven years after the Fifth Crusade failed. There was very little fighting. As a result of the diplomatic maneuvering of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, the Kingdom of Jerusalem regained control of Jerusalem & other areas for fifteen years.
  • Jan 1, 1248

    The Seventh Crusade (1248-1254)

    This Crusade was led by Louis IX of France from 1248-1254. there was approximately 800,000 bezants that were paid in ransom for King Louis, who along with thousands of his own troops, were captured and also defeated by the Egyptian army that was led by the Ayyubis Sultan Turanshah that were supported by the Bahariyya Mamluks that was led by Faris ad-Din Aktai, Baibars al-Bunduqdari, Qutuz, Aybak and Qalawun.
  • Jan 1, 1270

    The Eighth Crusade (1270)

    This crusade was declared & led by Louis IX of France. It occured 16 years after the Seventh Crusade. Louis was persuaded by his brother, Charles of Anjou, to attack Tunis first in order to command the ports & make the conquest of Egypt alot easier. But when they arrived in Africa, people in the army became sick due to the water. Louis even died & his brother, Charles, took over. Charles managed to receive trade rights with Tunis, even though the diseases in the army prevented the city's assult.
  • Jan 1, 1271

    The Ninth Crusade (1271 - 1272)

    The Ninth (last) Crusade was led by Prince Edward (later Edward I of England). King Louis IX of France's failed attempt to capture Tunis in the eighth crusade that was led by Prince Edward of England to sail to Acre in what is known as the Ninth Crusade. This Crusade had some impressive victories for Edward over Baibars. The Crusade did not so much fail as withdraw, since Edward had concerns at home and he then felt unable to solve the internal conflicts within the remnant Outremer territories.