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Period: 70 BCE to
Chinese Zoetrope
This is the oldest form of animation which was invented by Ying Huan in 180 AD. The Zoetrope was individual images put at equal distances around a band of card. However, the Zoetrope was then accredited to W.G Horner in 1834. -
Thaumatrope
The thaumatrope was invented in 1825 by Dr John Ayrton in Paris.The way in which this had worked was through 2 circular pieces of paper being attached back to back on a piece of string. -
Phenakistoscope
Joseph Plateau and sons had introduced the idea of the phenakistoscope. This form of animation had worked in a similar way to the Zoetrope. -
Flip books
During the 16th century Flip books were created and widely distributed in Europe. At this point flip books consisted of sexual acts as a from of entertainment. -
Praxinoscope
The Praxinoscope could be seen as the successor of the Zoetrope. Charles Emile Reynaud, had invented the Praxinoscope in 1877. Having mirrors placed within the inner circle was the only difference to zoetrope. -
Print Industry
During the 18th century 2 New York publications had begun printing in color ( The NY times and NY Journal). From this revolution emerged the comic strip, which was an important intrinsic part of animation. -
Cinematography
The next big step of animation was taken when cinematography was taken in the late 1800's. George Melies who was film maker had been credited as being the inventor of special effects. Which lead to the accidental invention of stop frame animation.