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Vietnam became part of the French Empire
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Ho Chi Minh Creates Provisional Government
Following the surrender of Japan to Allied forces, Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress create the National Liberation Committee of Vietnam to form a provisional government. Japan transfers all power to Ho's Vietnam. -
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War against France
Vietnamese wage war against France. -
Ho Declares Independence of Vietnam
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Indochina War Begins
Following months of steadily deteriorating relations, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam launches its first consorted attack against the French. -
Geneva Conference and consequences
Vietnam is divied at the 17th parallel Two hostile governments form. North: Ho Chi Minh establishes a Communist dictatorship. South: Elections promised for July 20, 1956, but never held. Ngo Dinh Diem , who was Catholic, anticommunist, and French educated was chosen by the US to lead. -
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Geneva Peace Accords
Goals:
1. Unify Korea.
2. Restore peace in Indochina. Participants:
The Soviet Union, the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and the People's Republic of China Outcome:
1. France relinquishes control of Indochina, which is divided into Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam
2. Vietnam is temporarily divided in two parts at the 17th parallel until a general election could be held. No action is taken to unify Korea. Some blame U.S. for obstructing plans. -
Dien Bien Phu
After losing Indochina to Japan in WWII, France tries to retake it. French hostility among native Vietnamese and Cambodians fosters support for communist leader Ho Chi minh. By 1950 Truman's government aided France as apart of the cold war, while China and the USSR aided Viet Minh guerrilla forces. After 170 days of confrontation, French forces surrender at Dien Bien Phu. Eisenhower refuses to send troops. This leads to the Geneva Peace accords of 1954. -
Vietnamese forces occupy the French command post
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Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
UK, France, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Pakistan, and the Philippines agreed to defend one another in case of attack from communist countries -
Eisenhower's aid
1955-1961 Eisenhower justifies $1billion in aid to South Vietnam -
Diem Becomes President of Republic of Vietnam
Diem defeats Bao Dai in rigged election and proclaims himself President of Republic of Vietnam. -
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Support South Vietnam
Eisenhower gave $8 million to South Vietnam and their army. -
Start of the Vietnam war
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Divide in opinion
In the U.S peoples opinion of the war become divided with people who support the war to be known as hawks V.S people who did not support the war called doves -
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Under Kennedy
After Kennedy is elected, aid is doubled.he demonstrates his strength against communism with Vietnam. -
Team to Vietnam
Kennedy commissioned a team to S. Vietnam to evaluate the necessity of U.S aid. -
Diem Assassinated
With tacit approval of the United States, operatives within the South Vietnamese military overthrow Diem. He and his brother Nhu are shot and killed in the aftermath. -
Assassination of JFK
with the death of the president Lyndon B. Johnson takes office in which he continues to fund the war and send in more troops throughout his administration. -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
three North Vietnamese PT boats allegedly fire torpedoes at the USS Maddox, a destroyer located in the international waters of the Tonkin Gulf, some thirty miles off the coast of North Vietnam. The attack comes after six months of covert US and South Vietnamese naval operations -
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
The Tonkin Gulf Resolution authorized President Lyndon B. Johnson to use military force in SE Asia, without declaration of war by Congress to help "any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty." Resolution was used to rapidly increase troops. -
Operation Rolling Thunder
Operation Rolling Thunder greatly increases the bombing on North Vietnam. After the Gulf of Tonkin, the US becomes more active in the Vietnam War. -
Students for a Democratic Society
SDS recruited 20,000 people for an anti-war demonstration in Washington, D.C. -
Tet Offensive
the Vietcong launched a surprise attack on every American base and and city in South Vietnam. It had little success, but it changes public opinion of the war after U.S retaliation -
My Lai Massacre
US troops, expecting vietcong forces, found only a village, yet carried out a mass killing of all the inhabitants. This heavily shifted public opinion further towards the Anti-War sentiment. -
Aftereffects
A result of the Tet offensive, the US leans towards peace and an end to the Vietnam War. President L.B. Johnson begins movement for peace in Vietnam -
Nixon
Newly elected President Nixon begins to secretly bomb Cambodia and pulling out troops from South Vietnam. All the while, he continues Johnson's peace talks. -
Nixon orders the drop of the most devastating bomb on North Vietnam.
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end of US involvement
The US, North Vietnam, and South sign the formal accords in Paris that end US involvement. -
Results
North Vietnam invades South Vietnam.The Vietcong defeat the ARVN and occupy Saigon, which becomes Ho Chi Mihn City.
