Roman Events

The start of Rome

753 BCE

In the age of 753 BCE, Ancient Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus, two demi-god brothers. In an argument over who would rule the city Romulus killed Remus and became the first ruler. [https://www.ancient.eu/Romulus_and_Remus/]

Early ages

450 BCE

Displayed at Roman Forum, the first Roman law code, which was inscribed on 12 bronze tablets, which is called the 12 tables. Around 300 BCE, political power was centered in the Senate, which included patricians and wealthy lower class families. [http://www.duhaime.org/LawMuseum/LawArticle-303/450-BC-The-Twelve-Tables.aspx]

Military Expansion

390 BCE

After rebounding from Rome being burned by the Gauls, Rome fought a series of wars with Carthage. These were called the Punic Wars, and the first two lead to Rome being in control of Sicily, the western Mediterranean and a lot of Spain. The third Punic War (149 - 146 BCE) lead to the destruction of Carthage and making northern Africa a Roman province. Rome also spread east to fight Macedonia. [https://www.britannica.com/event/Punic-Wars/media/940971/2642]

Internal Struggles

107 BCE

Rome's political institutions began to collapse due to the progressively expanding empire. The wealth gap grew between the rich and poor and access to the government became increasingly difficult. Then, Gaius Marius came to be the first in a string of warlords to dominate Rome (in 107 BCE). Next came Sulla, then Pompey, and Marcus Tullius Cicero. [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gaius-Marius/media/365552/129190]

Rise of Caesar

45 BCE

After Pompey returned to Rome after battles, he formed the First Triumvirate with Marcus Crassus, and Julius Caesar. Caesar received some provinces in Gaul and seeked to conquer the rest of the area for Rome. After Pompey's wife was killed and Crassus died, Pompey stepped in as sole consul. He got together with the senate to get rid of Caesar. He invaded Gaul during that time and created a civil war. He emerged dictator of Rome for life [https://www.biography.com/people/julius-caesar-9192504]

Caesar to Agustus

29 BCE

Caesar was murdered in less than a year and a Second Triumvirate was formed to defeat Caesar's enemies and divide the power of Rome amongst them. Tensions rose and the Triumvirate dissolved. Octavian beet Antony and Cleopatra's forces and became the sole leader of Rome. He then restored the institutions and assumed the role of the first emperor of Rome. [https://owlcation.com/humanities/How-did-Augustus-consolidate-his-power]

Peace

27 BCE

Octavian's rule help lead to pax Romana. This is two full centuries of peace and prosperity. He created many social reforms,won many battles, and promoted literature, art, architecture, and religion.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Course_of_Empire_(paintings)#/media/File:Cole_Thomas_The_Consummation_The_Course_of_the_Empire_1836.jpg]

Flavian Dynasty

69

Vespasian was a general under Nero, and he was one of the four emperors. After defeating Vitellius to become emperor, he reconstructed incomplete buildings, and renewed the capitol. He also started construction on the Colosseum. His son, Titus completed the construction. This dynasty is also important for the destruction of Jerusalem. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titus]

Principate to Dominate

284

Diocletian healed the crisis of political instability. He created the tetrarchy, which divided the empire among four emperors. He conquered some barbarian tribes and got rid of the persians who plundered syria. He began to change rules and behavior around the emperor of Rome. He also started the destruction of all christian worship at the time. The end of his reign ended the traditional form of rule. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocletian]

The end of Rome

476

This really refers to the fall of the western part of the empire as the eastern side lived on as the Byzantine Empire. Food production declined in the west leading to higher food price.The government began to producing more coins to make up for the west not having anything to trade with the east. This lead to inflation as well as large corruption in the government which lead to the governmental collapse. [https://www.historyonthenet.com/when-did-the-roman-empire-really-end]