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Tsar Alexander I
For the start of Alexander's rule, he was a liberal allowing the freedom of political prisoners and a relaxed censorship. This was until the defeat of Napoleon, where he changed and became more reactionary and making censorship more strict. -
German Confederation
The congress of Vienna recognized 38 states as part of the German Confederation. Some however were still upset with how Germany was not unified. -
Peterloo Massacre
Due to the outrage of the Corn Laws, a mass protest was started in Manchester. Eventually a squadron of cavalry charged at the protesters, killing 11 people. -
Karlsbad Decrees
A decree made due to the ongoing ideals of unification in Germany. It would have harsh censorships on universities. -
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Charles X
Charles X's rule of France was controversial for the people. He tried to reallow Catholic control of France and granted indemnity to aristocrats whose land has been confiscated. -
Decembrist Revolt
A revolt against the current choice of leadership switching from Constantine to Nicholas. The protesters lost as Nicholas got his troops and dealt with them. -
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Tsar Nicholas I
The next emperer after Alexander I. He was extremely authoritarian after he dealt with the Decembrist Revolt. -
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July Revolution
Due to the anger of Charles X, some of the french barricaded Paris and hastily formed a new government with Louis-Philippe in charge. This leading to Charles X to flee to Britain. -
Belgium independence
Although Belgium was unified with the Dutch Republic, they seemed independence. They convinced the major powers to accept them as a nation and choose Leopold of Saxe-Coburg as their King. -
Union of Netherlands and Belgium
The Congress of Vienna added the area once known as Austrian Netherlands (Belgium) to the Dutch Republic. This was to create a stronger border nation against France. -
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King Charles Albert of Piedmont
King of Italy during his reign. He tried to gain independence with a war against Austria. -
Reform Act
An act passed by the Whigs to fix some of the Tories issues. It doubled the amount of voters for England although the voters were still mainly higher ups. -
Poor Law
Law that was passed to give fairer wages as well as address abuses towards the poor. It was also created by the Whigs and had a large backing. -
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Emperor Ferdinand I
Ferdinand was the ruler of Austria. He dealt with the revolutions of his Empire as Europe became a cesspool of revolts. -
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March Revolution
A time period of where Austria and the Germanic States went through constant amounts of revolutions. All failed leaving to the countries being stricter and the rebels to go into hiding or being exiled. -
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Hungarian Revolution of 1848
The Hungarians were angry over there place in Austria and revolted. It was later crushed by the Russians. -
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Greater Poland Uprising
An unsuccessful revolution against the Russians and Prussians for a free Polish state. It would later become a part of the German Confederation. -
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First Italian War of Independence
War between Italy and Austria to seek Italian independence. It would later lead to the loss of Italy during the Battle of Novara. -
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Frankfurt Assembly
Assembly where people of academics met and discussed how they will create a unified Germany. However it failed and disbanded a year later. -
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Junes Day Uprising
After hearing that there were plans to close the National Workshops, the french people went back on the streets. It eventually lead to the injury or death of over 10000 people. -
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October Revolution
Also known as the Vienna Uprising where the people of Vienna stormed the city and killed the minister of war. They were crushed by the end of the month. -
French Presidential Election
After the revolution in 1848, they held one of their first ever presidential election. The winner of this would come out as Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte with 74% of the votes. -
Repeal of the Corn Law
After the failure of the Corn Laws, it was repealed. It was said to be when Britain accepted free trade more. -
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Battle of Perod
Austrian forces had to face of against Hungarian rebels in a revolution. The Austrians won when Russia came in to aid them in the battle, defeating the revolt.