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black ships
In 1853 the Japanese was a closed society. the Japanese people weren't allowed to leave or have any contact with the outside world, their nation was ruled by an emperor, shoguns were leaders of military clans who ruled in the emperors name. -
the strong nation
in 1860 the ruling shogun was overthrown, and a 15-year-old emperor named Mutsuhito took the throne. In the 45 years of Emperor Mutsuhito's reign, Japan went a long way toward achieving both goals The new Japan understood that being a strong and prosperous nation was the only way to preserve its independence and unique culture -
Americas pacific power
in 1898 The U.S., recognizing that it could lose its profitable trade with China, announced an "open door policy". the U.S. took the islands of Hawaii as an American territory. Hawaii was especially prized by the U.S. Navy for a fine natural port on the Island of Oahu. Its name was Pearl Harbor. -
the great depression
The 1929 New York Stock Exchange crash and the failure of important European banks plunged the entire world into an economic depression.As Japan's economy grew worse, the country became more aggressive. , working together with leading industrialists and financiers, dreamed of a Japanese empire that would bring "the eight corners of the world under one roof. 1929-1931 -
china in flames
In 1937, China and Japan went to war. Nanjing massacred 300,000 Chinese civilians. Americans in the 1930s didn't want the nation to get involved in foreign wars. September 1939, Germany and Russia attacked Poland. France and Britain declared war in return. the summer of 1940, Roosevelt outlawed the sale of some American goods to Japan. At the same time, Congress also approved a program to build new military ships and planes.1937-1940 -
the tripartite pact
Japan responded to America's actions by joining Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in the Tripartite (three-part) Pact. In this agreement, the two European dictators approved Japan's goal for an Asian empire The army wanted to attack the Soviet Union, which was fighting a war against Nazi Germany. The navy favored seizing the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), British Malaysia, and the American Philippines. -
war warning
In late 1941 Japanese army general Hideki Tojo became the nation's prime minister. A determined leader, Tojo was not afraid to challenge Britain and the U.S. for power in East Asia. . Two Japanese diplomats, Kichasaburo Nomura and Saburo Kurusu, met with U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull throughout the fall of 1941. The first ships of the Japanese task force left their base in the Kurile Islands on November 26. -
the day of infamy
On December 6, the Japanese government began sending a long message to its diplomats in Washington. The last part of that message arrived in the early-morning hours of December 7. What they didn't realize was that the same message had been decoded and rushed to President Roosevelt and to the high commanders of the U.S. Army and Navy., Nomura and Kurusu were in Secretary Hull's office, Japanese bombs were falling onto the neat lines of U.S. warships in Pearl Harbor's "Battleship Row." -
the marshal law
the marshal law is Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions of government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. from 1972 to 1981
