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Period: Apr 29, 1387 to
Chapter 17 Renaissance and Reformation
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Period: Jan 28, 1392 to
Chapters 19-20 Age of Exploration
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Mar 4, 1394
Prince Henry of Portugal is Born
Prince Henry was an important figure in 15th-century Portugese politics. He was also an important part of the beginning of the Portugese Empire. -
Jul 19, 1402
Yonglo becomes Ming Emperor
Yonglo began exploring the South Pacific when he came to power. He started the exploration for China. -
Jul 11, 1405
Zheng He captains his first Voyage
This was the first of many voyages that Zheng He would attend. He left on July 11, 1405. He had 317 ships at his command he traveled all over the Pacific and Indian Ocean. His massive fleet showed how powerful he was. -
Nov 22, 1439
Johann Gutenberg Invents the Printing Press
Johann Gutenberg, a craftsemen from Germany, reinvented movabled type in 1440. This made books easier to make and cheaper, so more of the population could learn to read. -
Period: Mar 27, 1450 to
Chapter 22
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Apr 6, 1453
The Fall of Constantinople to the Turks
The Fall of Constantinople was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This event was significant because it marked the end of the Roman Empire. -
Dec 19, 1453
The Hundred Years' War Ends
The Hundred Years' War was a war faught between several groups that were trying to gain control of the Kingdom of France. The House of Valois won the war. -
Jan 28, 1488
B. Dias reaches the Cape of Good Hope
In 1488, Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias became the first European mariner to round the southern tip of Africa. He opened the way for a sea route from Europe to Asia. -
Aug 19, 1491
Nicolaus Copernicus begins studying planetary movement
Nicolaus Copernicus was a mathematician who proposed the idea that the sun was stationary in the center of the universe and that all of the planets in our solar system revolved around it. He attended the University of Cracow in 1491 and began studying theories such as this. -
Jan 2, 1492
Ferdinand and Isabella end war with Muslims
Isabella and Ferdinand went to Granada to receive the keys of the city and the principal mosque was reconsecrated as a church. The Treaty of Granada signed later that year assured religious rights to the Muslims. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus spots land in North America
This event led to the first European contact with America. The Europeans had a very large impact in the historical development of the modern Western world. -
Jan 28, 1494
Spain and Portugal agree to Treaty of Tordesillas
This agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered and explored by Christopher Columbus and other15th-century voyagers. -
May 20, 1498
Vasco da Gama lands in India
Gama landed in Calicut on 20 May 1498. He reached the legendary Indian spice routes. -
Period: Mar 4, 1500 to
Chapter 21
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May 29, 1502
Amerigo Vespucci charts New World coast
This event was important because it gave Europeans an idea of what the New World looked like. Map makers named America after Amerigo Vespucci. -
Dec 13, 1503
Leonardo Da Vinci Starts the Printing Press
He started the painting in 1503 and worked on it until he died in 1519. It is one of the most famous paintings to ever be created. -
Sep 8, 1504
Donatello creates his David statue
This statue was the first large free-standing nude since ancient times. The carvings were very intrcate and showed lots of detail. -
Dec 17, 1508
Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
He started the painting in 1508 and finished in 1512. This painting was unique because it blended Greek and Christian ideas. -
Dec 19, 1509
Raphael paints School of Athens
The School of Athens is one of the most famous frescoes by Raphael. It shows how the Greeks had an effect on the Renaissance. -
Dec 19, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis
This was a list of things wrong with the Catholic church, written by Martin Luther. Many people view this as the start of the formation of the Protestant church. -
Feb 27, 1519
Hernando Cortez landson Mexican Coast
He landed here on February 27, 1519. Cortes claimed the land for the Spanish empire. During the time he was making his way through the land, Cortez recieved more soldiers and acquired more horses for his group. -
Nov 16, 1532
F. Pizzaro meets Atahualpa
He trapped Atahualpa by luring him to a feast in the emperor's honor and then fired at the Incans. Pizarro captured Atahualpa and forced him to convert to Christianity before killing him. -
Dec 19, 1532
Machiavelli writes The Prince
This book was a guide for rulers. It taught them how to keep their position even if they have enemies. -
Mar 4, 1533
Chapter 21- Ivan IV came to the throne
Ivan IV was sometimes called "Ivan the Terrible." He was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533-1547 and Tsar of all the Russias from 1547 until he died. -
Jan 30, 1534
Jaques Cartier claims land in Canada
The initial voyage helped change the French's view on North America. It was believed that the area’s only value was its fisheries, however, he reported that there were fertile lands and the possibility of mineral wealth. -
Dec 19, 1536
Anne Boleyn is executed
Anne Boleyn was the wife of King Henry VIII, and gave birth to their daughter. She was then executed for being accused of perfoming witchcraft. -
Oct 12, 1537
Edward VI is born
Edward VI was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until he died. He was the first English monarch raised as a protestant. -
Sep 27, 1540
Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuit order
The Jesuit order is a Christian male religious congregation of the Catholic church. Ignatius of Loyola founded it after being wounded in battle and experiencing a religious conversion. -
Jul 19, 1553
Mary I becomes Queen
Mary I reigned from from 1553-1558. Her many executions of protestants gave her the nickname "Bloody Mary". -
Mar 4, 1555
Chapter 21- Charles V agreed to the Peace of Augsburg
The Peace of Augsburg was a treaty between Charles V and the Schmalkaldic league. It made the legal division of Christendom permanent within the Holy Roman Empire. -
Mar 4, 1556
Chapter 21- Philip II inherited Spain, the Spanish Netherlands, and the American Colonies
When Charles V retired to a Spanish monastery, he divided his empire. His son (Philip II) inherited Spain, the Spanish Netherlands, and the American colonies. -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen
Elizabeth I was the Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 until her death. She was the fifth and last monarch in the Tudor dynasty. She also never had any children. -
Mar 4, 1572
Chapter 21- The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred
The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred in 1572. It was a targeted group of assassinations, and was then followed by Catholic mob violence, both directed against the Huguenots -
Mar 4, 1579
Chapter 21- The seven northern provinces of the Netherlands united and declared their independence from Spain
The Dutch Revolt began in 1579 when the northern, largely Protestant Seven Provinces of the Low Countries against the rule of the Roman Catholic King Philip II of Spain, revolted and declared independence. Philip II had inherited that land. -
English East Company is Founded
The English East Company was founded on December 31, 1600 by John Watts. It was an English joint-stock company formed to pursue trade with the East Indies. -
Dutch East India Company is Founded
The Dutch East India Company was founded by Jan van Riebeeck in 1602.The general of the Netherlands granted it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. -
Chapter 21- James Stuart became King James I of England
When Elizabeth I of England died in 1603 unmarried, James was crowned King James I of England. -
Henry Hudson is last seen
Henry Hudson had planned to use his Discovery to further explore Hudson Bay with the continuing goal of discovering the Passage. However, most of his crew wanted to return home. His crew sent Hudson away on his own boat with his son. -
William Shakespeare dies
He was a very famous writer, actor, poet, and playwright. He is often regarded as the greatest English writer to ever live. -
The Thirty Years' War began
The Thirty Years' War was a group of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. It initially began as a war between Catholic and Protestant states. However, the war continued for several other reasons. -
Chapter 21- Louis XII appointed Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XII relied heavily on Cardinal Richelieu to govern France. Together, they put an end to the revolt of the French Nobility. -
Chapter 21- Charles I took the throne
Charles I was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He was executed in 1649. -
Galileo publishes his many findings in Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Galileo Galilei published his findings in Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems in 1632. Many people reacted harshly to this event, and in 1633, Galileo's famous trial took place. -
Chapter 21- The English Civil War began
The English Civil war was a series of battles and political machinations between Parliamentarians. This war lasted from 1642-1651. -
New Netherlands becomes New York
Settlers lived together peacefully in New York until there was a short period of English rule when the Netherlands got the settlement back. New York was then under England's rule. -
La Salle claim Mississippi River for Spain
These expeditions were a series of trips into the Mississippi and Ohio Valley. Much of this land had not been explored by any Europeans before. On the third trip to America, La Salle canoed down the Mississippi and at the mouth of the river he buried an engraved plate and a cross claiming the territory for France. -
Isaac Newton published his laws of gravity in Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
First published in Latin, this book held all of Newton's mathematical findings. It states Newton's very famous Laws of Motion. -
John Locke justifies rebellion in Two Treatises on Government
This book is a work of political philosophy published by John Locke. Many of Locke's ideas on government and society are discussed in this book. -
Chapter 21 The War of the Spanish Succession began
This was the first world war of modern times. The war occurred in Spain, Italy, Germany, Holland, and at sea. -
Anders Celsius creates his scale for measuring temperature
Celsius is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It is named after Anders Celsius who created the scale. Much of the world uses this scale today. -
Gabriel Fahrenheit makes the first mercury-in-glass thermometer
Gariel Fahrenheit created the first mercury-in-glass thermometer in 1714. He then created a temperature scale that is now named after him. -
Chapter 21- Peter the Great died
Peter the Great ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire. He died on February 8, 1725. -
Frederick the Great begins his reign in Prussia
During his reign, Frederick achieved military victories, he reorganized Prussian armies, and he came out victorious in the Seven Year' War despite the odds that were against him. He achieved many things during this time and was given the nickname "Frederick the Great." -
Chapter 21- Maria Theresa succeeded her father
Maria Theresa began ruling when her father passed away in October of 1740. She ruled for 40 years. -
Baron von Montesquieu purposed separation of power in On the Spirit of Laws
The Spirit of Laws is a work filled with political theory, Baron von Montesquieu first published this work anonomously. -
Chapter 21- Maria Theresa lost Silesia at the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle of 1748 ended the War of the Austrian Succession. Mother Theresa lost Silesia because of this treaty. -
Denis Diderot publishes the first volume of his Encyclopedia
The first volume of the Encyclopedia held an incredible amount of information and was a great source of knowledge. It was used by many and became a very beneficial work. -
Seven Years' War begins
Some of the greatest powers at the time contributed to and affected many nations. The war was driven by the conflict between Great Britain and the Bourbons resulting from overlapping interests in their colonial and trade empires. -
Mary Wollstonecraft is born
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and an advocate of women's rights. During her life, she wrote many works. Her ideas are still used today and her actions were a huge leap towards gender equality. -
Cesare Baccaria writes against torture in On Crimes and Punishment
"On Crimes and Punishment" marked the high point of the Milan Enlightenment. In this work, Cesare Baccaria voiced some of his opinions on the death penalty. He discussed that crimes should be dealt with in a rational way, and many of his ideas are still used today. -
The start of the Partition of Poland
The Partitions of Poland were a series of three partitions that took place towards the end of the 18th century and eliminated Poland for 123 years. The first Partition was decided on August 5, 1772. From then on, more partitions were decided until Poland was taken off the map. -
Boston Tea Party
On December 16, 1773, Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty climbed onto three ships in the Boston harbor and threw 342 chests of tea overboard. After this happened, the passage of the punitive Coercive Acts in 1774 occured and the two sides were becoming closer to going into war. -
Declaration of Independence is signed
This document stated that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain were now independent states. Though many people believe that the document was signed on the 4th of July, the date has been disputed. Some think it may have been signed nearly a month after that date. -
Delegates at the Constitutional Convention sign the Constitution
73 delegates were appointed to the Constitutional Convention. The Constitution is the supreme law of the United States and is a very important document. -
First slave revolts in Hispaniola
The Haitian Revolution occured from 1791 until 1804. This revolution led to the founding of a state. -
Chapter 21- The Romanov Dynasty began
The Romanov Dynasty was the second imperial dynasty, It ruled over Russia.
