Late and 20th and early 21st Century Parenting and Childcare

By Dubai
  • Period: to

    Scientific Mom

    Motherhood was “upgraded to a profession:" lawful, rule-bound, embodying a scientific knowledge to be mastered.
  • Period: to

    Empathetic Mom

    Dr. Spock's flavor of cuddly, permissive and supportive mothering.
  • Demographic data point

    A majority (87%) of children under age 18 resided with two married parents.
  • Political data point

    Congress passed a Comprehensive Child Development Act to provide quality child care for working parents, but President Nixon vetoed the bill, saying publicly-provided child care would destabilize American families.
  • Economic data point

    The share of all mothers in the labor force was 47%. Among mothers of children younger than 3 it was 34%.
  • Period: to

    Revolution in motherhood

    According to Thurer, "The baby is now seen as a participant in, an activator of the mother-child dialogue, not simply a recipient.”
  • Period: to

    Family Equality Stalls

    1994-2004: the percentage of Americans preferring the male breadwinner/female homemaker family model rose to 40% from 34%.
    1997-2007: the number of full-time working mothers who said they would prefer to work part time decreased to 60% from 48%.
  • Social data point

    25% of stay-at-home mothers would prefer full-time work.
  • Social data point

    16% percent of stay-at-home mothers wanted to work full time.
  • Demographic data point

    64% of children under age 18 reside with two married parents.
    The share of all mothers in the labor force rose to 71%. Among mothers of children younger than 3, 60% were in the labor force in 2008.
  • Economic data point

    Women compose 47% of the workforce.
  • Social data point

    A majority of adults age 18 to 29 favor a modern marriage, where both the husband and wife have jobs and both take care of the household and children, over the male breadwinner/female homemaker model.
  • Demographic data point

    More than half of American children will spend some part of their childhood living in a household that does not include two biological parents who are married to each other.