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Brown vs. Board of Education
During this trial, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation by race was NOT constitutional. The Federal Government, like never before, supported those students that were exposed to prejudice and inequality. Later on, this becomes a stepping stone for students with special needs. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
It was this Act that initiated the role of Federal Government within school systems. They are to protect and provide for those students who do not have the same privileges as others, those coming from a disadvantaged background. An example of this occurrence is the initiation of Free Reduced Lunch. -
PARC vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Challenged the integrity and honesty within the exclusion of those with mental disabilities from public education. Leaving the state with no authority of excluding these, they were NOT allowed to deny access to public education to children who suffered from a mental disability. -
P.L 94-142
It was in 1975 that Congress authorized the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. States and localities were to protect, enforce, and meet individual needs for those students with disabilities. This helped improve the progress of children within the education system. -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District vs. Rowley
Simplified and cleared up the definition of (FAPE), free and appropriate public education. This being the educational right of ALL children across the United States including IDEA. -
Honig vs. Doe
This case led to benefiting those who had behavioral disorders due to their disability. It was concluded that schools were not permitted to expel students with behavioral issues that were in relation with their disability. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/001440298905600109] -
Cedar Rapids v Garret
In this case, it was demanded that students receive the necessary needs and requirements to attend school without any issue due to lack of supplies/special equipment. Therefore, individuals within IDEA are to be provided all the means necessary, such as nursing services and such during a school day. -
NCLB
"No Child Left Behind" Act is a law that authorizes federal education programs to provide the assistance to those who are in need of it in order to successfully gain proper education. This is the most recent, re-stated version of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This Act also sets an educational standard for all students that track the progress students have made by viewing their levels and meeting a certain demand.
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg] -
winkelman v parma
This case is a civil suit under IDEA. It was decided by the Supreme Court that parents were allowed and had the right to pursue IDEA claims to their benefit completely apart and independent to their child's rights.
