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First Bilingual Elementary School in the United State
Coral Way Elementary School, in Miami, becomes the first bilingual and bicultural public elementary school in the US. This is due to the influx of children immigrating from Cuba to the United States. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act was an important start to an ever evolving struggle for equal rights in our nation. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited segregation based on race, religion, and ethnicity. This act is a large part of the Civil Rights movement, which continues to be crucial lesson in multicultural history. -
ESEA
Sections of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act sought to level the playing field for low-income students, and between students urban and rural environments. It extended to bilingual and students with disabilities. -
The Bilingual Education Act
It was created as a section of the ESEA. The Bilingual Education Act was intended to accommodate students with language backgrounds other than English, in order to give them the same opportunities to learn in school. -
EEOA
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act was created to stop segregation based on race in schools. This act states that no student can be denied the opportunity of equal education. Iconically, busing students of color to white schools occurred at this time. -
Plyler v. Doe
Violating the Fourteenth Amendment, a Texas statute that denied funding for any undocumented students was deemed unconstitutional in the case of Plyler v. Doe. This trial was significant because it meant that immigrants were protected by the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment of the US Constitution. -
EIEA
The Emergency Immigrant Education Act program was created to help fill the costs to schools who have a high rate of immigrant students. Because many of these students would require additional bilingual education, the funds allocated to the EIEA program would offset these costs. -
Proposition 187
Proposition 187 from California, would have made it so that law enforcement, teachers, and health care workers would have had to report any undocumented adults and children. It was eventually overturned, and deemed unconstitutional. Its passing would have prevented undocumented children and people from receiving the services they needed and deserved as humans. -
No Child Left behind
NCLB, replacing the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, required schools to implement testing which directed the curriculum. A lot was held at stake from these tests, and put much pressure on teachers and schools to have the students do well. This affected many bilingual and ELL students. -
Chicago School Closings
Voted on by the Chicago Board of Education, 50 schools in Chicago were closed due to "underutilization". Closing these schools would have the greatest affect on African American students. Without having a school to go to nearby, students would be forced into other school, causing over-crowding and lack of resources.
