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Coral Way Elementary School, starts the first bilingual and bicultural public school in the United States.
Coral Way Elementary located in Dade County, FL, is viewed as the the first public school containing bilingual/bi-cultural education which accommodates to both English and Spanish speakers within the United States. It was developed as result of the thousands of children of Cuban refugee families who arrived in Florida after the Cuban Revolution in 1959. The program was named the "Spanish for Spanish" program. The image is of Coral Way Elementary Spanish students. -
The Civil Rights act becomes law
The Civil Rights act, which prohibits the segregation and discrimination based on color, gender, ethnicity, religion, or nationality becomes instituted as a law in 1964. This law mandates that every individual regardless of race, gender, religion, etc. is given the right to equal educational opportunity. The image is of President Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Civil Rights act with Martin Luther King Jr. behind him. -
Diana v. California State Board
The Diana v. California State Board was a case where the use of testing was disputed. Diana, who was a Spanish-speaking student in Monterey County, California, was mistakenly placed in a class for moderately intellectually disabled students due to her low score on an IQ test given to her in English. This led to new laws being enforced and led the court to rule that Spanish-speaking children should be retested in their native language to prevent errors in placement. -
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 becomes a law
Title IX of the Education Amendments mandated that no individual will be discriminated against based on gender in all aspects of education and related programs. The image is of Patsy Mink, who was one of main authors of the Education Amendment. -
Federal Judge Arthur Garrity orders busing of African-American Students
Federal Judge Arthur Garrity issued the busing of African American students to predominantly white schools to encourage racial integration and dissolve segregation of public schools in Boston, MA. Many white parents begin to protest against the order. Students, teachers, and administrators were re-designated to different schools to desegregate,and required the children to enter into unfamiliar neighborhoods. The image is of Judge Arthur Garrity. -
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act becomes a law
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act proscribed discrimination towards anyone within an educational environment and ordered school districts to accommodate to barriers that would inhibit a student's participation. This law protected the rights of students with a lack of English fluency. -
National Association of Bilingual Education
In 1975, the National Association of Bilingual Education is formed. The NABE provides training for teachers, educational leadership, and lobbying efforts in support of individuals learning English as a second language. The group advocates bilingual education as opposed to only English education. The image is the official logo of the organization. -
Immigration and Nationality Act
The Immigration and Nationality Act was an amendment that increased total immigration to allow hundreds of thousands of immigrants to come into the US from both high-admittance and low-admittance countries. This presumably increased the diversity in schools, as well as throughout the United States. It was considered the INS lottery. -
Improving America's Schools Act (IASA)
The Improving America's Schools Act was signed into law by President Bill Clinton. This law replaced the Elementary and Secondary Act of 1965, and mandated reforms that pertained to increasing the funding for bilingual and immigrant education, instituting changes for public charter schools, promoting drop-out prevention, and educational technology. The image is of President Clinton signing the Act in the gymnasium of Framingham High School in Massachusetts. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001
The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) authorized several of the federal education programs that were administered by states. The law is a renewal of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. It required states and schools to increase performance students, particularly, English-language learners, students in special education, and poor and minority children, who generally scored less than their peers. It was introduced in 2001, but signed into a law by President Bush in 2002.
