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Thomas Graham founded the basis of Dialysis
Thomas Graham created 'Graham's Law' which had to do with the diffusion of gasses. It is because of his discovery that the original dialyser was created -
Abel, Rowntree, and Turner dialysed the first animal
Scientists Abel, Rowntree and Turner successfully dialysed the first animals using collodion tubes whilst the animals were under anaesthetic. -
First human dialysis by George Haas
The first attempted human dialysis by George Haas using the same machine designed by Abel, Roundtree and Turner. The attempt was a failure and the patient died. Haas made 6 further attempts to dialyse a human over the next 4 years however all of them failed. -
Willem Kolff creates the rotating dialyser
Willem Kolff, considered the 'founding father' of Kidney Dialysis created his first machine this year. Before his first successful patient he has 20 deaths due to either the machine or last stage renal failure. -
Willem Kolff successfully dialyses human
On the 31st of August 1945 Willem Kolff dialysed the first human being and was successful. The treatment lasted 11 hours and completely revered the kidney failure. After this event Kolff published his work which allowed for the development of many more dialysis machines. He is considered the founding father of kidney dialysis because of this selflessness -
Nils Alwall introduces ultrafiltration
Dr. Alwall introduced a major improvement to the Kolff dialyser process with the addition of metal grates to support the cellophane wrapping which in turn allowed greater pressure to be put through the machine, and also the addition of a method known as ultrafiltration, which involves plasma water from the patient being pushed through the dialyzer membrane with pressure. -
Skegg-Leonard Design
The Skegg-Leonard dialyser allowed dialysate fluid and blood to be flowed through alternating tubes, hence allowing multiple processes to be completed with one machine, again revolutionising the process. It revolved around a 'plate' design with sheets of membrane between rubber pads, creating a 'sandwich' effect. -
Kolff's 'Orange Juice' Dialyser
The travenol U200A twin coil dialyser was the second coil dialyser in existence, based on the 'Pressure Cooker Artificial Kidney' made by doctors Inouye & Engleberg 3 years previously. It was also the first portable, dialyser and also the first disposable dialyser. -
Kiil Dialyser
The Kiil Dialyser, created by Dr. Kiil, was created in 1960. The main advantage of this dialyser over others was the fact that it did not need a blood pump and could operate on blood pressure alone. -
Teflon Dialysis shunts
Teflon was used for the first time this year to make a shunt so that the treatment could take place many times and over a long period of time. This again revolutionised the Dialysis industry. -
C-DAK Artificial Kidneys (Hollow fibre dialysers)
This product again revolutionised kidney dialysis and is still the most used treatment today. This product is an extremely small and compact artificial kidney that is perfect for portable usage.
