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The Thirteenth Amendment
Was created to stop slavery and involuntary work, unless it was a punishment for a crime. It was passed by President Abraham Lincoln. He also passed the first law to free slaves, which was the Emancipation Proclaimation that freed only confederate slaves. -
Black Codes
Black codes were laws set up to stop African American men from having the same exact rights as white men. It was set up under President Andrew Johnson, who believed federal government should have no control over laws at the state level. These codes granted African Americans right to marry, buy and own property, make contracts, and testify in court against their race. Most codes put restrictions on land they could own and money they could earn. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was an act created to give blacks equal rights to whites. It was passed by the House of Representatives. It included the ability to sue, give evidence in court against any race, and buy and cell property. Andrew Johnson attempted to veto, but was overruled. The act was the exact opposite of many black codes. -
The Fourteenth Amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment gives citizenship to all people naturalized in the United States. It forbids states from denying life, liberty, and due process of law. President Andrew Johnson disagreed with the new amendment. The law applied toformer slaves as well. -
The Fifteenth Amendment
The Fifteenth Amendment states that no United States citizen can be denied the right to vote only because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Congress passed the amendment, which allowed black males and past slaves to vote. It was successful until 1890, when southern states setup laws that had requirements for voting that had nothing to do with race. This stopped many poor white men from voting as well. -
Jack Johnson
Jack Johnson was a boxer in The Progressive Era. He went to school for a few years, but quit to become a laborer. By the age of 16 he was out on his own. His nickname became the Galveston Giant. He wanted to fight for the heavyweight title, but his opponent, Jim Jeffries, denied him the opportunity because he was Black. By 1908, Tommy Burns had the title, so Johnson took it off of him, then offered Jeffries a fight. The win made him the first African American World Heavyweight Champion. -
Jim Thorpe
Jim Thrope was an Olympic athlete in the Proogressive Era who played football, basketball, baseball, and hockey. He also did track & field along with boxing. He was born as James Francis Thorpe. He was an All-American football player and a 2 time gold medalist. His medals were earned in the decathlon and pentathalon in 1912. Thorpe's medals were revoked when officials found that he'd been a paid athlete, which was not allowed in the Olympics back then. Jim Thrope was a star athlete. -
Francis Ouiment
Francis Ouimet is a golfer of the Progressive Era. He started as a caddie and worked in a dry goods store. His role changed in 1913 when he tied English professionals in the U.S. open. He won many more competitions, and is the reason the sport is popular in the U.S. Ouimet was the first American to be voted president of the St.Andrews' Golf Club. He changed the upper class mindset people have when they think of golfers. He's the reason why many Americans love golf today. -
Shoeless Joe Jackson
Shoeless Joe was a professional baseball player in the Progressive Era. He was born as Joseph Jefferson Jackson. He didn't go to school as a child, he instead worked in a cotton mill. As a teenager he was a better ball player than older kids. He named his bat Black Betsy. Jackson purposely lost the 1919 World Series because the owner never paid players fairly. As an outfielder for the Chicago White Sox, Jackson was a natural hitter. He was removed from the league when he helped fix a game. -
Knute Rockne
Knute Kenneth Rockne was a football player and coach in the Progressive Era. As a student at Notre Dame, he ran track and played on the football team. By 1919, Knute Rockne was named head coach at the school. He coached 13 seasons, resulting in 105 wins and only 12 losses. Rockne had 5 undefeated seasons and 3 championships. He also made the offensive forward pass a popular tactic. Knute Rockne played a huge role in how football is played today. Knute Rockne was an important athlete of the Era. -
Works Cited
*Constitutionenter.org *history.com *lcrm.lib.unc.edu *ourdocuments.gov *loc.gov -
Works Cited on Progressive Era
