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The Gilded Age – Post Reconstruction [1877] - 1900
A period of expansion, industrialization, immigration and urbanization with significant effects on
Native Americans, workers, immigrants, and the rise of big business in the late 19th century. -
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Age of Imperialism and Reform – 1898 - 1919
During the early 20th century the U.S. entered a new historical era: an Age of Expansionism
beyond our natural borders as the country moved from isolationism. U.S. imperialism led to
involvement in the Spanish-American War, changing policies in Latin America and Asia and
eventually to World War I. At home, reformers made efforts to correct economic and social
abuses of the Gilded Age. -
George S. Patton
commander of u.s. forces in north africa and sicily
led third army across Europe
thought u.s. should turn on & fight Russians after Germany's surrender -
sixteenth amendment
The congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration. -
Period: to
sixteenth amendment
The congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration. -
seventeenth amendment
The senate of the united states shall be composed of two senators from each states, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. -
Woodrow Wilson
president from 1913-1921
advocate from women's suffrage
president during ww2
propsed fourteen points as a basis for post war peace
supported u.s. membership in league of nations; u.s. failed to join -
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World War I – 1914 – 1918
This was an era in which the global conflict of World War I and its effects had an impact on all
Americans. -
John J. Pershing
Named Commander of America Expeditionary Force (AEF) during WW1 by Woodrow Wilson.
Led forces at Battle of Argonne Forest. -
eighteenth amendment
After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intox icating liquors within, the imoirtantion thereof into, or territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes in hereby probhibited. -
nineteenth amendment
The right of citizens of the united states to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the united states or by any states on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. -
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The Roaring 20s
This was also an era of significant prosperity and social change as Americans became more
isolationist and responded to significant change in social norms, consumerism, technological
advances and artistic achievement -
Warren G. Harding
President from 1921-1923
Called for a "return to normalcy"- less foreign involvement; emphasis on prosperity at home.
Appointed friends to positions; Teapot Dome scandal tainted his reputation. -
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Great Depression: 1930s
Beginning with the Stock Market Crash in 1929, this era is marked by severe depression and
the increasing role of the Federal government to improve the economy. -
Douglas MacArthur
commander of U.S. army in the pacific during ww2
commander of U.S. forces in Korean conflict
Disagreement with truman over use of nuclear weapons in north korea and china
public critism of truman led to his removal -
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Rise of Dictators and World War II – 1930s and 1940s
The rise of totalitarian governments in Europe and East Asia led to World War II and
involvement of the United States in that conflict -
George Marshall
Army Chief of Staff and advisor to Roosevelt during WW2.
Churchill referred to him as the "organizer of victory".
Served as Truman's secretary of state. -
Franklin D Roosevelt
President from 1932-1945 (elected to 4 terms)
Pulled country out of Great Depression with New Deal.
Declared war on Japan after bombing of Pearl Harbor - U.S. entered WW2. -
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Cold War – Post WWII through the 1980s
This post-war era is marked by issues of communism vs. democracy in Europe and America
after World War II. It includes the United States and the Soviet Union as competing
superpowers in the balance of power. The escalation of the Cold War from containment to the
outbreak of the Korean War and foreign policies of the Kennedy / Johnson years including the
growing conflict in Vietnam as well as the ending of the Cold War in the 1980s. -
Chester W Nimitz
Commander of Pacific Fleet during WW2
Commander at Battle of Midway victory.
Successfully organized halt of Japanese advances -
Omar Bradley
World War 2 general
Selected by Eisenhower to lead U.S. forces into France after Normandy invasion.
Commander during Battle of the Bulge.
Pushed his troops for the final offensive into Germany. -
Harry S. Truman
President from 1945-1953
Used atomic weapons against Japan to bring WW2 to an end
Assisted in the founding of the United States -
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Civil Rights – 1950s, 1960s and beyond
This era highlights the issues of emerging rights for minorities and the leaders and critical
events of the modern 20th century civil rights movement. -
Dwight D. Eisenhower
supreme commander of D-day & allied invasion of europ in ww2
president from 1953-1962 (2 terms)
created the interstate highway system in 1953
extended u.s. containment of communism policy to middle east -
Joseph McCarthy
conducted hearings is identify communists he claimed infiltratedUS. government
no roof of his allegations ever provided
led to a "witch" hunt for communists -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Clergyman, activist & leader in the Civil Right Movement.
Advanced civil rights using non-violent civil disobedience (influenced by Gandhi) -
Rosa Parks
Arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white person.
Her actions led to Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-56); led to intergrated buses and thrust her into the national spotlight. -
John F. Kennedy
president from 1961-1963
supported space race- john glenn orbited earth
embarrassed by bay of pigs invasion (unsuccessful attempt to overthrow castro)
created alliance for progress & peace corp-programs to promote progress in under-developed countries to discourage the spread of communism
avoided nuclear shoedown - cuban missile crisis -
Betty Friedan
Leader in Women's Liberation Movement.
Wrote The Feminine Mystique - challenged the traditional role of women. -
Hector P. Garcia
mexican american physician & surgeon during ww2
human rights advocate and founder of american G.I forum
first mexican american to serve on the u.s. commission on civil rights
awarded presidential medal of freedom (highest civilian honor) in 1984 -
Richard Nixon
president from 1969-1974
normalized (reopened) relations with red china (1972)
introduced detente with soviet union (relaxing of tension and de-escalating arms race)
resigned office to avoid impeachment after watergate scandal -
Phyllis Schlafly
conservative activist
founder of Eagle forum opposes modern feminism
campaigned against equal right amendment -
Cesar Chaves
Leader of Chicano movement to eliminate racism against Mexican Americans.
Organized farm workers in California. -
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Late 20th Contemporary Issues 1980s – 2000
An era of change as the U.S. experienced the end of the Cold War, new conflicts in the Middle
East, the impeachment of a President and a controversial election to begin a new century -
Sandra Day O’Conner
Appointed to Supreme Court in 1981.
First female Justice.
Established her voice as a swing vote between conservatives & liberals -
Ronald Reagan
President from 1981-1989
Reduced taxes & regulations to encourage business activity- Reaganomics -
Bill Clinton
President from 1993-2001 (2 terms)
balanced federal budget- cut spending, raised taxes on rich and closed military bases
supported NAFTA - gradually phased out traffic
stood against human right abuse in Kosovo and China
avoided impeachment - vote went along party lines -
Period: to
21st Century
Early in this century America dealt with a new threat of terrorism at home with the attacks on the
World Trade Center on 9/11 and a decade of the “War Against Terror”. This era also marked the
election of the first African-American President of the United States in 2008. -
Barack Obama
1st African American to be elected President
appointed sonia sotomayor to supreme court
supported health care reform & banking reform
