Forensic Science Timeline

  • 1248

    First Forensic Science Book

    First forensic science manual published by the Chinese. This was the first known record of medical knowledge being used to solve criminal cases.
  • First Physical Evidence

    First recorded physical matching of evidence leading to a murder conviction (John Toms, England). Evidence was a torn edge of newspaper in a pistol that matched newspaper in his pocket.
  • First Used Photos

    San Francisco uses photos to identify a criminal, the first city in the US to do that.
  • Fingerprints Found to be Unique

    Henry Faulds and William James Herschel publish a paper describing the uniqueness of fingerprints.
  • Fingerprint Identification

    Juan Vucetich, an Argentinean police officer, is the first to use fingerprints as evidence in a murder investigation. He created a system of fingerprint identification, which is known as dactyloscopy.
  • First Fingerprint Prisoner Identification Used

    NY state prison system implemented fingerprint identification.
  • Hair Used in Forensics

    Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert publish first study on hair.
  • Voice Recording Used as Evidence

    A sound spectrograph discovered to record voices. Voiceprints started to be used in investigations and as court evidence from recordings of phones, answering machines, or tape recorders.
  • Footwear Detection System

    Britain's Forensic Science Service develops online footwear coding and detection system. This helps police to identify footwear marks quickly.
  • Facial Sketches

    Michigan state university develops software that automatically matches hand-drawn facial sketches to mug shots stored in databases.
  • Dental Match

    Japanese researchers develop a dental x-ray matching system. This system can automatically match dental x-rays in a database, and makes a positive match in less than 4 seconds.