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Period: to
Grammar-Translation Method
Uses only first language
Lists of words are translated
Grammar stressed
No content
Overcorrection
Boring
No oral practice
No output
No interaction
Memorization and fill-in-the blanks -
Grammar Translation
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Period: to
Audiolingual Method
Over-learning of language patterns
Repititon
Almost exclusive target language use
High level of communicative competence not reached
Chain, substitution, and repetition drills
Immediate error correction
Immediate results
Not long lasting results -
Audiolingual
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The Silent Way
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Period: to
Total Physical Response (TPR)
Physical response to oral commands
Understanding before production
Understandable context
Develop basic, essential speaking skills
All students take active role
Less stressful classroom
Self evaluation
Engaging
Multiple types of input -
Period: to
The Silent Way
Teachers guide learning process
Trial and error
Practice time
Students actively direct learning
Focus on learner
Teacher is silent, only gestures
Concepts taught with gestures and simple word repetition
Group setting for support
Enourages students to learn on their own -
Period: to
Suggestopedia
Georgi Lozanov
Comfortable setting
Students should be relaxed
Soft lighting
Comfortable chairs
Teacher has authority
Positive thoughts about students ability
Child-like behavior encouraged
Creativity
Baroque music -
Period: to
Community Langauge Learning
Motivation is important
Teacher is "Knower", human translator
Inductive grammar
Learners sit in circle
Learners dictate what they want to learn
Focus on group learning, not individual
Students give feedback and evaluations
No stress environment -
TPR
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Period: to
The Direct Method
Direct associations between concepts/objects and TL words
Exclusive use of TL
Only everyday vocabulary taught
Oral introduction of vocabulary
Focus on ability to speak language
Promotes spontaneous use of language
Hard to implement in public schools due to lack of resources
Little to no focus on reading/writing -
Direct
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Suggestopedia
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CLL
