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Chinese Immigrants
The U.S Supreme Court required public education to extend to the children of Chinese immigrants. -
First Junior High School
In order to improve high school graduation rates, the Columbus Ohio School Board authorized the creation of junior high schools. Indianola Junior High School became the first Jr. high school in the United States -
The First Montessori School
Maria Montessori founded the first Montessori school in Tarrytown, New York. It is a type of school that lets children interact with many things and subject all day. -
Smith-Hughes Act passes
This provided vocational education to be adopted. This gave federal aid to the states for the purpose of promoting vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades and in home economics. -
Transportation
All states have laws providing funds for transporting children to school, including Pupil Transportation like public buses. -
Brown Vs. Board of Education
The Supreme Court unanimously agreed that segregated schools are "inherently unequal" and must be abolished. -
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg County Board of Education
The Swanns, an African-American family, went to court because their children weren't allowed to attend the city's white schools. In its ruling, the Supreme Court stated that all schools didn't strictly have to reflect the district's racial make-up. But, the Court argued, all-black or all-white schools must not be the result of deliberate policies of segregation. The Supreme Court justices then went a step further and suggested integration. -
Milliken v. Bradley.
The Supreme Court, made up of Richard Nixon's appointees, ruled that schools may not be desegregated across school districts. This effectively legally segregated students of color in inner-city districts from white students in wealthier white suburban districts. -
Tribal Colleges Act
The federal act established a community college on every Indian reservation, which allowed young people to go to college without leaving their families. -
Jones International University
The first university to "exist entirely online." Jones International University was a for-profit university offering degrees in education and business online. -
Proposition 187
Proposition 187 passed in California, which made it illegal for children of undocumented immigrants to attend public school. Federal courts hold Proposition 187 unconstitutional, but anti-immigrant feelings spread across the country. -
Servicemen's Readjustment Act(G.I. Bill of Rights)
The act is signed by FDR on June 22. Around 7.8 million World War II veterans take advantage of the GI Bill during the seven years benefits are offered. More than two-million attend colleges or universities, nearly doubling the college population. About 238,000 become teachers. Because the law provided the same opportunity to every veteran, regardless of background, the long-standing tradition that a college education was only for the wealthy is broken. -
June 1998 Ballot
A multi-millionaire named Ron Unz put a measure on the June 1998 ballot, outlawing bilingual education in California. He believed that immigrants should come here to work for what they need rather than "to sit back and be a burden on those who were already here!" (Los Angeles Times, 31 August 1997). -
School Prayer
Santa Fe School District v. Doe
The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the district's policy of allowing student led-prayer prior to football games violates the Established Clause of the First Amendment. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The controversial act (NCLB) is approved by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8. The law, which reauthorizes replaces the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, mandates high-stakes student testing, holds schools accountable for student achievement levels, and provides penalties for schools that do not make adequate yearly progress toward meeting the goals of NCLB. -
Race
In the cases of "Parents involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No 1" and "Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education", the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that race cannot be a factor in assigning students to high schools. -
Race To The Top Grant
President Obama announced this grant. It was a $4.35 billion United States Department of Education competitive grant created to spur and reward innovation and reforms in state and local district K-12 education. -
Budget Bill
President Barack Obama signed the 1.1-trillion dollar bipartisan budget bill on January 17. The bill restored some, but not all, of the cuts to federal education programs that resulted from re-movement of the states. -
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
President Donald Trump signed the act into law on December 22nd. Educational implications include maintaining the $250 limit on deductions teachers can take for school supplies and expanding the use of 529 savings plans for K-12 private and home school costs. However, some education advocates believe the tax bill may hurt public school funding and reduce donations to colleges and universities. -
Case of Endrew F. Vs. Douglas County School District
the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that schools must offer "an individualized education program reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child's circumstances."
