Davidson Art History Timeline

Model of a Han Dynasty House

100

This is a clay model of a typical Han dynasty. This helps scholars and archeologists identify and preserve ancient architecture, when full houses cannot be found or preserved. While rare, these models are quite important. http://archive.archaeology.org/1101/departments/artifact.html

Augustus of Prima Porta

100

This is a marble statue of the Roman Emperor Augustus. It is based off of the original, which was made in bronze. It depicts Augustus standing with Cupid, and was most likely made to promote Augustus' image. http://mv.vatican.va/4_ES/pages/z-Patrons/MV_Patrons_04_03.html

Travelers among mountains and streams

110

This painting by Fan Kuan depicts a beautiful and ideal landscape. Painters later in Chinese history would turn to this painting for inspiration, influencing future art and culture. http://www.chinaonlinemuseum.com/painting-fan-kuan-travelers-among-mountains.php

Pantheon

126

The Roman Pantheon is a famous temple dedicated to all gods and goddesses in the Roman mythology/religion. In fact, the term "Pantheon" is used to describe all deities of a faith. Even today, it is the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome, and is an archetype of Roman architecture. http://www.rome.info/pantheon/

Altar of Zeus

175

Also known as the Pergamon Altar, this temple was dedicated to the god Zeus in the city of Pergamon. It is a detailed and complex temple, demonstrating the level of skill of the artists at that time. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/the-pergamon-altar1.html

The Temple of Horus

200

The Temple of Horus is one of the best-known and most preserved temples in Egypt. It was created around the second century BC, and was dedicated to the ancient Egyptian god Horus. The significance of this temple is derived from the fact that it was created while Egypt was under Roman rule. http://www.sca-egypt.org/eng/SITE_Edfu.htm

Buddha's first sermon at Sarnath

200

This is a stele depicting Buddha's first sermon at Sarnath. This work of art is important to religion, but also marks ancient understanding of preserving history through art forms. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1980.527.4

Marzia Gate

200

The Marzia Gate, or Porta Marzia, is a gate in Perugia, Italy. Its use of arches and columns is a very prominent part of Etruscan architecture. http://www.slideshare.net/MDarrow/etruscan-art

Sarcophagus of Lars Pulena

200

This is a sarcophagus depicting the journey to the Underworld. Lars Pulena's life achievements were described on a scroll. This is significant for its indication of Roman respect for the dead and the beginning of rituals that are still used today. https://www.boundless.com/art-history/the-etruscans/later-etruscan-art/the-road-to-rome/

Terracotta Soldiers

210

One of the most important and famous archeological finds of recent history, this is a massive assembly of over 7000 unique terracotta soldiers and horses. It represents the complexity and extent of the Chinese empire at the time. http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/shaanxi/xian/terra_cotta_army/

Dura-Europos Synagogue

250

The Dura-Europos Synagogue, made in about 250 AD, was found in Syria, and is one of the oldest synagogues in the world. The frescoes in the synagogue depict various scenes from the Torah. http://cujah.org/past-volumes/volume-iii/essay-2-volume-3/

Lion Capital of Ashoka

250

This is a decoration representing four lions. It is a national symbol of India. This represents ancient religion in India as well as the empire's expanse and influence over the region at the time. http://www.sarnathindia.com/lion-capital-of-ashoka.html

Sipan Moche Ear Ornament

300

This is an ear ornament found near Sipan, Moche, Peru. It is made of gold and turquoise. It depicts a Moche warrior preist with two retainers, the former of which carries a club and shield. Information from textbook.

Arch of Constantine

315

This is a triumphal arch built by Constantine on 315 AD to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Milvian Bridge. Triumphal arches were usually built as war trophies and political propaganda, evidence that art his usually created for a purpose- in this case policial reasons. www.ancient.eu.com/article/497/

Praxiteles

340

Praxiteles was one of the most famous Athenian sculptors of this era. He was highly influential in both Roman and Greek art. His innovative style brought a more human aspect into art of the time. http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/People/Praxiteles/

Nok Terracotta Head

350

The Nok Terracotta heads are an example of some of the earliest sculptures in the region. They were found in present-day Nigeria, feature large eyes, mouths, and ears, and utilized early pottery techniques. http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/noks-500bc-terracotta-heads/

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

360

This sarcophagus is an example of very early Christian relief. It is the sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, a Christian Roman senator. It is very detailed and depicts various scenes from the Bible http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/sarcophagus-of-junius-bassus.html

Catacomb of St. Peter and Marcellinus

400

This catacomb is the grave of over a thousand Romans, and is situated near Rome. The catacomb's art refers to both Roman and Christian culture and often blends the two. The catacomb is named after the martyrs who are said to be buried near it. http://www.romanhostels.com/guide/catacombs-marcellinus-peter/

Parthenon

440

At the height of its power, Athens built the Parthenon, an ancient Greek temple to the city's patron goddess, Athena. It is a symbol of Athenian political and cultural power in the area. It is often considered to be one of the most significant architectural works of the era. http://academic.reed.edu/humanities/110tech/parthenon.html

Tomb of the Leopards

450

The Tomb of the Leopards is an Etruscan tomb. Its frescoes describe different scenes, such as that of a feast. One can learn much about Etruscan culture by studying this tomb. www.mysteriousetruscans.com/tarleop.html‎

Sant'Apollinare Nuovo

504

The Sant'Apollinare Nuovo is a basilica located in Ravenna, Italy. It is an example of early church architecture, and features large mosaics that use the Byzantine style. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-st-apollinare-nuovo

Kroisos Kouros from Anavysos

530

This statue is the grave marker for an Athenian soldier. This particular grave marker is significant in that it was not made out wood (as most were), but marble, and so has survived. http://www.ancientgreekbattles.net/Pages/52561_KroisosStatue.htm

Hagia Sophia

535

The famous Hagia Sophia was created as a Greek Orthodox Church, converted to a mosque, and is now used as a museum in Istanbul (Not Constantinople), Turkey. It is a fine example of architecture and art of the time, an archetype of Byzantine culture. http://www.livescience.com/27574-hagia-sophia.html

San Vitale, Ravenna

535

This early church in Ravenna, Italy is an example of the Byzantine style of architecture and art. Its large and beautiful mosaics feature both scenes from the Bible and scenes of (then-)modern leaders. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale

Gateway of the Sun

550

This ancient stone arch, created by the Tiwanku and found in present-day Bolivia, was made in about AD 550. It was made from a single stone, and weighs about 10 tons. The carvings on the arch seem to reference ancient Tiwanku religion, referring to a Sun God. http://www.athenapub.com/tiahuan1.htm

Bodhisattva Padmapani

575

This is a work of art depicting the Bodhisattva, an important figure in Buddhism. He is shown holding a lotus, a symbol for enlightenment. This marks the spread of Buddhism in the area. http://tfreeman.net/Ceramics/Galleries/Pages/The_Bodhisattva.html

Haniwa Warrior

Feb 5, 600

These sculptures of warriors were used to mark graveyards and specific graves. The arrangement of these along with sculptures of horses reflected beliefs about the movement of evil and spirits (and evil spirits). http://education.asianart.org/explore-resources/artwork/haniwa-form-warrior

Etruscan Temples

Feb 10, 600

This is a model of an Etruscan temple, created in the sixth century BC. They are similar to Greek temples, but there are some differences- for example, Etruscan temples' columns appear only at the front of the temple, unlike Greek temples. http://www.slideshare.net/MDarrow/etruscan-art

Vienna Genesis

Feb 19, 600

The Vienna Genesis is an early illustrated manuscript. It is a part of the book of Genesis. Its illustrations lack some Roman characteristics of illustrating, and shares some qualities with later religious works. http://www.doaks.org/research/byzantine/byzantine-fellowship-reports/art-and-text-in-the-vienna-genesis

Sutton Hoo Purse Cover

Mar 1, 625

This purse cover, found in an English tomb, is made of precious materials, and so was probably a symbol of great wealth. It depicts both Germanic and Roman people, and so can be used as evidence of times when the Roman Empire had fallen and the Medieval age had not yet begun. http://venus385.wordpress.com/2008/12/05/sutton-hoo-purse-lid/

The Thirteen Emperors

Feb 5, 650

This is a painting by Yan Liben, a famous Chinese artist. It contains depictions of emperors from several Chinese dynasty, therefore allowing us to look at Chinese history from a unique perspective that we would be unable to do otherwise. http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/the-thirteen-emperors-29071

Regolini-Galassi Fibula

Feb 10, 650

This is a golden fibula found in an ancient Etruscan tomb. It is decorated with five lions at the top. Fibulae were used to fasten hair at the shoulder. This piece's material demonstrates the material wealth of the Etruscans at the time. http://regolinigalassi.wordpress.com/2011/07/12/a-strange-fibula/

Colossal Heads

Feb 28, 650

The Colossal heads of the ancient American Olmec civilzation are a recognizable example of Native American art. These head,s weighing up to ten tons, were transported over great distances and carved. They are thought to resemble ancient Olmec leaders. http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/ancientlatinamerica/p/The-Colossal-Heads-Of-The-Olmec.htm

Lindisfarne Gospels

Mar 1, 700

The Lindisfarne Gospels is an example of an early Medieval illuminated manuscript. It is one of the finest examples of medieval book art, a common and widespread form of Medival art. http://www.lindisfarne.org.uk/gospels/

Diplyon Krater

Jan 28, 750

This grave marker was found in Athens and was named after the location at which it was found. This particular vase depicts scenes of life and death relating to the religious views of the ancient Greeks. http://www.fischerarthistory.com/dipylon-krater.html

Vishvanatha Temple

Feb 5, 1000

This is one of the most famous temples in India, dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. It is a highly complex temple, and so symbolizes organized and widely spread religion in India. http://varanasi.nic.in/temple/KASHI.html

Otto III enthroned

Mar 1, 1000

This painting from a gospel book depicts Otto III, the Holy Roman Empire. It uses many Byzantine styles of painting, but is considered Medieval. It displays both Otto's military and religious strength through symbols of the priest and the soldier. http://dereksarthistorytimeline.weebly.com/otto-iii-enthroned.html

Saint Michael's of Hildesheim

Mar 1, 1000

Saint Michael's church, Hildesheim is an example of Romanesque architecture in religious buildings. Its heavy use of barrel and groin vaults, thicker walls, smaller windows, arches, and columns mark it as an important structure of this period. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/187

Easter Island Moai

May 3, 1000

The Moai are famous rock figures found on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean. They are massive monolithic stone figures, and their purpose is unknown. http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/easter-island/

Katholikon, Hosios Loukas

Feb 19, 1015

The Hosios Loukas is a Greek monastery. It is an important Byzantine architectural achievement, many features being copied and used elsewhere in Byzantine architecture. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/CivilizationHamblin/id/1894

Pisa Cathedral Complex

Mar 1, 1050

This cathedral complex in Italy is best known for its leaning tower, but is an incredibly masterful and, well, complex complex divided into four parts. It is composed of the cathedral, the leaning tower, the baptistery, and the cemetary, all of which borrow heavily from Romanesque architecture. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/cathedral_of_pisa.html

Bayeaux Tapestry

Mar 1, 1075

This is a massive tapestry, over 230 feet long. It depicts various battle scenes of the Norman Conquest of England, and focuses on leaders like William, Duke of Normandy. It is an enormous achievement of the Romanesque time. http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/

Ife King

Mar 1, 1100

This sculpture depicts an Ife King, found in present-day Nigeria. The way that the king is depicted is similar to that of portraiture, with accurately proportioned waist and torso, but the head is unnaturally large. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/282720/Ile-Ife

Saint-Sernin, Toulouse

Mar 1, 1100

This Roman Catholic Basilica, located in Toulouse, France, primarily uses the Romanesque style. These features include the use of the barrel and rib vault and support by buttresses. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/france/toulouse-st-sernin

Reiner de Huy- baptismal font

Mar 1, 1120

The metalworker Reiner de Huy is most known for this bronze baptismal font. The figures are in very high relief, and utilizes various elements from Early Christian, Roman, and Byzantine art. https://www.boundless.com/art-history/romanesque-art/sculpture/reiner-of-huy/

Saint-Pierre Moissac

Mar 1, 1125

This famous moissac is located in a French monastery. The moissac, also known as a tympanum, depicts a scene from the Apocalypse. The moissac is considered to be a Romanesque masterpiece. https://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/moissac/stpierre/intro.html

Chartres Cathedral

Mar 13, 1150

The Chartres Cathedral is a famous Gothic cathedral in Chartres, France. It features many Gothic aspects such as tall spires, stained glass, and flying buttresses. It is also famous for the figures carved on its west portal. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/81

Shrine of the Three Kings

Mar 13, 1190

The Shrine of the Three Kings is a triple sarcophagus that is said to contain the bones of the Three Wise Men. It is an example of Mosan art, a precursor to Gothic art. https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Shrine_of_the_Three_Kings.html

Qutub Minar

Apr 17, 1193

The Qutub Minar is a massive 73 foot tall victory tower builtin 1193. It signifies the triumph of Hinduism over Buddhism in India. http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/tourist_place/qutab_minar.jsp

Anyang Guang

Feb 5, 1200

This is a complex bronze sculpture, a guang from the Anyang dynasty. It was cast using molds, an important and still widely used art technology. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/43.25.4

Tale of Genji

Feb 5, 1200

The Tale of Genji was a piece of ancient and classical Japanese literature. Certain scenes were later illustrated. This represents a major landmark in literary culture in Japan, as this famous work was made and published by a woman. It is sometimes called the first modern novel. http://learner.org/courses/worldlit/the-tale-of-genji/

Cliff Palace, Colorado

Feb 28, 1200

This largest single piece of housing was created by the Pueblos people of North America and is today found in Colorado. It is made predominatly of sandstone and wood, and can house up to 100 people. http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/media/cliff-palace/?ar_a=1

Amiens Cathedral

Mar 13, 1220

The Amiens cathedral is a French Gothic cathedral located some kilometers north of Paris. It is most famous as being an architectural light experiment, with the architects attempting to maximize the amount of light entering. http://www.learn.columbia.edu/Mcahweb/index-frame.html

God as architect of the world

Mar 13, 1225

God as architect of the world is a Gothic work. It depicts God creating the earth, sun, and moon using geometric principles and a compass. The circle, in medieval times, symbolized eternity. http://thewhatofart.wordpress.com/2013/03/15/god-as-architect-of-the-world/

Saint Francis Altarpiece

Mar 13, 1235

This is an altarpiece depicting Saint Francis. It slightly precedes Renaissance humanism, and so may have influenced the ideas produced in that period of time. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-history/art-history-400-1300-medieval---byzantine-eras/gothic/v/bonaventura-berlinghieri--altarpiece-of-st--francis--c--1235

Salisbury Cathedral

Mar 13, 1245

Salisbury Cathedral is a cathedral located in central England. Although it features English Architecture, its spires and exterior design resemble Gothic designs. It is an Anglican church, whose seperation from the Catholic Church is historically significant. http://www.salisburycathedral.org.uk/

Vault of the Treasury at Atreus, Mycenae

Jan 28, 1250

This chamber was found at Mycenae, and is an example of architecture related to civilization and social function. This Treasury was built underground, and so gives credence to the idea that the Greek/Aegeans were skilled in many art forms. http://www.mhhe.com/socscience/art/timelines/the_aegean/html/treasury.html

Pisa Baptistry Pulpit

Mar 13, 1260

This is the pulpit on the baptistry at Pisa. It was made by Nicola Pisano. It contains an image of Hercules, which is evidence of classical themes in a mostly religious time. http://www.wga.hu/html/p/pisano/nicola/1pisa.html

Shunjobo Chogen

Feb 5, 1300

The Shunjobo Chogen is a statue of a monk from Japan. He was a devoted monk, dedicating his life to peace and charity, and so was enshrined in this statue. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/542334/Shunjobo-Chogen

Muhammad ibn al-Zayn brass basin

Feb 19, 1300

This brass basin, made by craftsman Muhammed ibn al-Zayn, is an example of Muslim-influenced art. It shows various scenes of Islamic/North African/Middle Eastern civilizations, and was used ceremonially. http://www.learner.org/courses/globalart/work/65/index.html

Walking Buddha

Apr 17, 1300

The Walking Buddha is a popular and oft-reproduced sculpture from the 14th century. It portrays the Buddha in a posture of elegance and peace. http://www.artsconnected.org/resource/94/walking-buddha

Arena Chapel

Mar 13, 1305

The Arena Chapel in Italy contains a masterpiece by Giotto, one of the great masters of the Renaissance. This piece as well as Giotto himself helped to fuel and drive the ideas of the Renaissance. http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/arth213/arenachapel.html

Orvieto Cathedral

Mar 13, 1310

The Orvieto Cathedral is a Gothic cathedral located in central Italy. It is significant for its facade and particularly its rose windows, a signature mark of Gothic architecture. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Orvieto_Cathedral.html

Maesta- Duccio

Mar 13, 1310

This altarpiece was commissioned for Siena in 1310 from Duccio. It contains a strongly Byzantine influence and highlights the Virgin Mary and the infant Christ, as well as several other saints. http://www.wga.hu/tours/siena/analysi1.html

Yuan Dynasty Vases

Apr 17, 1351

The Yuan Dynasty was a period of Chinese history ruled by the Mongols. This Dynasty saw the rise of several now very traditional Chinese art forms, like this porcelain vase. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/718528/Chinese-pottery/283176/The-Yuan-dynasty-1206-1368

Bull-leaping Fresco

Jan 28, 1400

This fresco found in Crete, marks the period when the Mycenaeans becan to conquer the Minoan empire. Frescos are notoriously tricky to make, so the level of detail in this shows a certain mastery of artistry at the time. http://www.ancient.eu.com/article/390/

Well of Moses

Mar 13, 1400

The Well of Moses is a sculpture located in a monastery in France. It was built by the Dutch artist Claus Sluter and blends International Gothic aspects with newer Renaissance ideas. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/sluters-well-of-moses.html

Forbidden City

Apr 17, 1400

The Forbidden City in Beijing was the capital of imperial power for 5 centuries. Although not comfortable, it is massive, complex, and an archetype of Chinese architecture, culture, and history. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/439

Machu Picchu

May 3, 1400

This is a famous mountain that was settled on by the Incas about a century before Spanish Conquest. It features the Inti Watana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows. http://www.peru-machu-picchu.com/

Andrei Rublev's Three Angels

Feb 19, 1410

This famous painting, created by Andrei Rublev in the 15th century, depicts the Trinity of angels that visited Abraham in Genesis. It is an often-used symbol of Christianity, the Trinity, and holiness. http://www.sacredheartpullman.org/Icon%20explanation.htm

Donatello Saint Mark

Mar 13, 1412

This sculpture of Saint Mark by Donatello was commissioned for a cathedral in Florence. The figure is highly detailed and appears to be natural and flowing, a characteristic of the Renaissance. http://www.artble.com/artists/donatello/sculpture/st_mark

Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Mar 13, 1415

The LTRHDDDB is an excellent example of a French Gothic illuminated manuscript. Its detail and expansiveness has helped historians to learn more about Medieval and noble life. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/rh/

Masaccio Holy Trinity

Mar 13, 1425

This work depicts the Holy Trinity in a fresco by Renaissance artist Masaccio. The work was later restored by Vasari and Cosimo I de' Medici. http://www.chiesasantamarianovella.it/en/artworks/masaccio%E2%80%99s-holy-trinity

Campin Merode Altarpiece

Mar 13, 1425

The Merode altarpiece is a painting by the Netherland painter Campin. It makes heavy use of Christian symbolism and may allude in painting to the actual commission of the work itself. http://www.metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/470304

Man in a Red Turban

Mar 13, 1433

The Man in a Red Turban is a painting by the master Jan Van Eyck that is often thought to be a self-portrait. As typical of Van Eyck, the painting pays close attention to detail and realism, a characteristic of the Renaissance. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/van-eycks-portrait-of-a-man-self-portrait-1433.html

Brunelleschi Santo Spirito

Mar 13, 1435

The Santo Spirito is a Florentine cathedral by Brunelleschi. It is an Early Renaissance work, and is decorated on its exterior with several frescoes. It contains many Greek and Roman influences, like many other Renaissance works. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-history/art-history-1400-1500-renaissance-in-italy-and-the-north/florence-1/v/brunelleschi-s-santo-spirito--florence--1428-81

Borgia Codex

May 3, 1450

The Borgia is an ancient Mesoamerican ritual and worship manuscript. Written before Spanish exploration of Mexico, it describes several religious rituals and deities. http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/ancientlatinamerica/p/The-Borgia-Codex.htm

Coyolxauhqui Stone

May 3, 1469

This is a round stone found at Coyolxauhqui in one of the main temples at Tenochitlan. It depicts a dismembered woman, most likely an Aztec deity. http://www.dellerae.com/tenoch/Coyolxauhqui.html

Basilica of Sant'Andrea

Mar 13, 1470

The Basilica of Sant'Andrea was constructed in Northern Italy. It contains Gothic and Renaissance features such as ribbed vaults, but is based off of the Roman Arch of Titus, evidence of Greco-Roman influence. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/sant-andrea-in-mantua.html

Christ delivering the keys to St. Peter

Mar 13, 1482

This famous Renaissance painting by Perugino is most notable for its use of linear perspective. The concept was originally designed by Brunelleschi, and was then frequently seen in many works in ther Renaissance. http://www.wga.hu/html/p/perugino/sistina/keys.html

Saint Anthony Tortured by Demons

Mar 13, 1485

This is an early Renaissance work by Martin Schongauer, which was later copied and illustrated by Michelangelo. It shows great attention to detail, particularly to the demons, which is believed to have derived from watching birds and beasts in life. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/20.5.2

Sesshu Toyo Splashed Ink Landscapes

Apr 17, 1495

Sesshu Toyo was a Japanese master famous for his ink-splashing technique. Using this, he would paint landscapes like this 1495 work. http://www.theartwolf.com/landscapes/sesshu-toyo-landscape-ink-broken.htm

Michelangelo's David

Mar 28, 1500

Michelangelo's David is a famous 14 foot marble statue of the Bible's David. It depicts David right before his fight with Goliath. It was originally planned to decorate Florence's Cathedral, commissioned by the Medici. http://vlsi.colorado.edu/~rbloem/david.html

Lotus Mahal

Apr 17, 1500

The Lotus Mahal is part of a palace of the now-ruined Vijayanagara, a former capital of India. The Lotus Mahal is exemplary of classical Indian architecture. http://www.vijayanagara.org/html/LotusMahal.html

Bramante's Tempietto

Mar 28, 1502

The Tempietto is a small commemorative tomb built by Bramante. It is located in Rome, Italy, and was comissioned by Isabelle and Ferdinand. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/tempietto.html

Durer's Fall of Man

Mar 28, 1504

This was a copper engraving made by Durer in 1504. It depicts Adam and Eve tasting the fruit which led to their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. http://www.oberlin.edu/amam/Durer_Fall.htm

Chateau de Chambord

Mar 29, 1519

The Chateau de Chambord is a French Renaissance chateau. It blends the Renaissance style with the Medieval style and is one of the most recognized chateaux in the world. http://loire-chateaux.co.uk/19-Chateaux/National-Domain-Of-Chambord.html

Benin Ivory Waist Pendant

Mar 1, 1520

This waist pendant depicts a queen of the kingdom of Benin, and was probably used ceremonially and as a symbol of prestige. It was worn at the waist, probably by a king, and may have contained medicines. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1978.412.323

Court of Gayumars

Feb 19, 1530

This is an Islamic painting of Gayumars, an ancient king. It incorporates Islamic ideas into the art while depicting Gayumars' kingdom's majesty, glory, and power. http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/art/146520

Palazzo del Te

Mar 28, 1530

The Palazzo del Te is an Italian palace, design in the Mannerist architectural style by Guilio Romano. It uses both Palladian and more Greco-Roman styles of design. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Palazzo_del_Te.html

Hans Holbein The Ambassadors

Mar 29, 1533

The Ambassadors is one of Hans Holbein's most famous works. It depicts two Renaissance men juxtaposed next to several scientific and mathematical devices as well as a misshapen skull. The skull's distortion is a result of an optical illusion, an invention of the Renaissance. http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/hans-holbein-the-younger-the-ambassadors

Parmigianino's Madonna with the long neck

Mar 28, 1534

Parmiagianino's Madonna with the Long Neck is a painting depicting the Virgin Mary with the infant Christ. The figures of Mary and Jesus are highly distorted, making the work an example of Mannerism. http://www.artble.com/artists/parmigianino/paintings/madonna_with_the_long_neck

Titian's Venus of Urbino

Mar 28, 1538

This work, by the master Titian, depicts the Roman goddess Venus. The painting is meant to be sexually explicit, a novel concept at the time. http://www.uffizi.org/artworks/venus-of-urbino-by-titian/

Death Mask of Agamemnon

Jan 28, 1550

This death mask is beleived to have belonged to Agamemnon, the Mycenean King of Homer's Iliad. This is evidence of early art connected to ancient stories like the Iliad and supports these stories archealogically. http://www.ancient.eu.com/image/1235/

Aertsen's Butcher's Stall

Mar 29, 1551

The Butcher's Stall is a painting by Aertsen. It is often belived to symbolize the death of a fbeliever. It is an early example of still life. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/aertsen/butchers-stall/

Sinan Mosque of Selim II

Feb 19, 1570

One of the greatest achievements of Islamic architecture, this is an Ottoman mosque situated in Edirne, Turkey. Its wide use of tall, circular towers with a multitude of domes makes it an archetype of Islamic architecture. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/533556/Mosque-of-Selim

Kano Eitoku Chinese Lions

Apr 17, 1580

Kano Eitoku was a Japanese painter, often considered to be a patriarch of the Kano school of Japanese art. His art is typical of the Japanese "panel" style. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/112601/Chinese-Lions

El Greco: Burial of Count Orgaz

Mar 29, 1586

This piece by El Greco depicts a popular local legend. It is significant for El Greco's unique distorted and elongated style, as well as for its subject. http://www.artble.com/artists/el_greco/paintings/the_burial_of_the_count_of_orgaz

Basawan and Chatar Muni

Apr 17, 1590

The Basawan and Chatar Muni (Akbar and the Elephant Hawai) is a watercolor made during the time of the Mughai Empire. http://www.slideshare.net/MDarrow/art-history-chap25a

Snake Goddess, Knossos

Jan 28, 1600

The Snake Goddess was a Minoan goddess. This sculpture is evidence of Aegean religion and worship, and its representation in art. This particular goddess may be connected with Egyptian deities. http://www.pantheon.org/articles/m/minoan_snake_goddess.html

Caravaggio's Calling of St. Matthew

Mar 29, 1600

This masterpiece by Caravaggio depicts Matthew at the moment when he decides to follow Christ. It is famous for its contrast of light and setting. http://www.wga.hu/html/c/caravagg/04/23conta.html

Honami Koetsu Boat Bridge

Apr 17, 1600

Koetsu was a Japanese master in the 17th century. His writing boxes, made with gold, depict a temporary bridge made of boats, often thought to reflect life's instability. http://www.cengage.com/art/book_content/0495093076_kleiner/online_study_guide/ch28/ch28_1.html

Rubens' Arrival of Marie de'Medici

Mar 29, 1622

This work by Rubens is part of a large cycle of paintings centering around Marie de'Medici, a member of the powerful art-supportive Florentine family. He depicts well the wealth and splendour of the Medici family. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilization/id/880

Rembrandt's Night Watch

Mar 29, 1642

This masterpiece by Rembrandt depicts the guards of the city. It is popular for its masterful usage of light and shadow, a signature of Rembrandt's work. http://www.rembrandtpainting.net/rembrandt's_night_watch.htm

Bernini's Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

Mar 29, 1650

The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa is a Baroque masterpiece sculpture by Bernini. It is made of marble and seems to be about contact between heaven and earth. https://www.stmarys-ca.edu/the-ecstasy-of-saint-teresa

Velazquez Las Meninas

Mar 29, 1656

Las Meninas is a masterpiece by Spanish artist Velazquez. It depicts various members of the Spanish aristocracy, like infant princess Margaret Theresa. It is quite a famous work and is the subject of much analysis. http://www.velazquezlasmeninas.com/

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

Mar 29, 1666

The San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane is a Roman Catholic church built in Rome. It is an iconic work of Baroque architecture, being very intricate and gaudy. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/san-carlo-alle-quattro-fontane.html

Vermeer's The Letter

Mar 29, 1666

As another one of Vermeer's creatively named works, The Letter shows a young maid handing a letter to her lady. The narrow view creates the impression of privacy and secrecy. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/vermeer/love-letter/

Wren's Saint Paul's Cathedral

Mar 29, 1675

After much of London burned in its great 1666 Fire, the city was rebuilt as a great Enlightenment city. Wren was one of the city's primary architects during this time and designed this famous London cathedral that stands to this day. http://www.aviewoncities.com/london/stpaulscathedral.htm

Shitao Man in a House beneath a cliff

Apr 17, 1680

The Shitao Man in a House beneath a cliff is a work depicting the classical Chinese landscpae style, with an emphasis on vertical rather than horizantal perspective, the grandeur of nature, and single brush strokes. http://www.cengage.com/art/book_content/0495093076_kleiner/online_study_guide/ch27/ch27_1.html

Pozzo's Glorification of St. Ignatius.

Mar 29, 1691

Pozzo was an Italian Jesuit during the Renaissance. He painted the ceiling of this chapel dedicated to St. Ignatius, founder of the Society of Jesus, in the Baroque style, both of which resulted from the Counter-Reformation. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/pozzos-glorification-of-saint-ignatius.html

Rigaud's Louis XIV

Mar 29, 1701

This is an immensely famous portrait of Louis XIV, a particularly frivolous spender of French Monarchy (having built Versailles). Rigaud emphasizes the power and expense of Louis' domain in the Baroque style. http://www.learner.org/courses/globalart/work/12/index.html

The Stele of Hammurabi

Jan 1, 1750

This is a carving depicting the Mesopotamian king, Hammurabi, recieving his famous Code of Hammurabi, from the Mesopotamian god Shamash. Hammurabi's Code is the first record of written law in history. http://tylerleavitt.wordpress.com/2011/10/05/the-stele-of-hammurabi/

Greuze Village Bride

Apr 17, 1761

This work by Greuze depicts French Bourgeoisie life in the 18th century. It contrasts the frivolity of the aristocracy with the humble life of a peasant. http://www.sedefscorner.com/2011/10/jean-baptiste-greuze-village-bride.html

Suzuki Harunobu Evening Bell at the Clock

Apr 17, 1765

This is the Evening Bell at the Clock by Suzuki Harunobu. This series of 8 woodblock prints that describe domestic life in Japan. http://www.bridgemanart.com/en-GB/asset/478/harunobu-suzuki-1725-70/the-evening-bell-of-the-clock-one-of-a-series-of-eight-parlour-scenes-which-translate-the-classical-eight-views-into-everyday-events-in-an-about-the-house-pub-c-1766-colour-woodblock-print

Jefferson's Monticello

Apr 17, 1770

Jefferson's Monticello is the Neoclassical home built by Thomas Jefferson in Charlottesville, Virginia. It is famous for its use of classical elements, like domes, columns, and a pediment. http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/presidents/jefferson_monticello.html

David Oath of the Horatii

Apr 17, 1784

This is a large oil painting by France's famous David, a painter of the French Revolution and Napoleon. This painting depicts the classical story of the Horatii, a triplet of warriors who defended Rome. http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/his/CoreArt/art/neocl_dav_oath.html

Canova's Pauline Borghese as Venus

Apr 17, 1808

This is a propogandist culpture designed by Canova during the era of Napoleon. It depicts Pauline Borghese, Napoleon's sister, as Venus, glorifying the Bonaparte family. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/canovas-paolina-borghese-as-venus-victorious.html

Marquesa Islands Tattooed Warriors

May 3, 1820

The tattoos of the Marquesa island were an important sybol of status. The more and more ornate tattoos one had, the more powerful you were said to be. http://culturedart.blogspot.com/2010/12/tattooed-warriors-of-marquesas-islands.html

Delacroix Death of Sardanapalus

Apr 17, 1827

The Death of Sardanapalus is a Romantic oil painting by Delacroix in 1827. It depicts the death of Sardanapalus, the last King of Assyria, and is famous for its heavy use of emotional elements (romanticism). http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/the-death-of-sardanapalus.html

Labrouste Saint-Genevieve Bibliotheque

Apr 17, 1843

The Saint-Genevieve Bibliotheque (library) in Paris is a fine example of a blend of modern and classical elements, designed by Henri Labrouste. It is an example of Italian Revival architecture blended with modern materials and engineering techniques. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Biblio_Ste_Genevieve.html

Trobriand Islands Canoe Prow and Slashboard

May 3, 1850

This canoe prow and splashboard is from the indigenous peoples of the Trobriand Islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is highly decorated, signifiying the importance of the sea to the Trobriand peoples. http://hearstmuseum.berkeley.edu/exhibitions/cent/gallery4_4_1.html

O'Sullivan A Harvest of Death

Apr 17, 1863

O'Sullivan's A Harvest of Death is an exceedingly important work in art history. It is an example of one of the first usages of photography of art. It depicts the carnage after the Gettysburg battle in the Civil War. http://metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/285644

Throne of King Ngasu

May 3, 1870

The Throne of King Ngasu by the Bammu civilization is a masterpiece of African art. Its complex carvings are very representative of Western African tribal life and culture. http://cengagesites.com/academic/assets/sites/Chapter%2034,%20Africa%20After%201800.pdf

Kwakiutl Masks

May 3, 1875

Masks are an essential aspect of Native American culture, and play an active role in religion and representation of spirits. This particular mask was made by the Kwakiutl Tribe and represents an eagle. http://www.mpm.edu/research-collections/artifacts/kwakiutl/kwakiutl-masks

Kalabari Ijaw Ancestral Screen

May 3, 1875

The Ancestral Screens of the kalabari Ijaw are their way of commemorating and memorializing the dead. On the complex and ceremonial screens are depicted the life and accomplishments of the deceased. http://artsconnected.org/resource/93729/duein-fubara-memorial-screen

Victoria Terminus

Apr 17, 1878

The Victoria Terminus is a Terminus in Mumbai built in the Victorian Gothic style, a relic of the British rule (Raj) in India. It is evidence of Western influence in other regions of the world. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/945

Van Gogh's Starry Night

Apr 17, 1889

The Starry Night is an intensely famous painting of a landscape in southern France by Post-Impressionist Van Gogh. It is the subjecct of a wide variety of interpretations based on the way Van Gogh painted the scene. http://www.vangoghgallery.com/painting/starry-night.html

Eiffel Tower

Apr 17, 1889

This intensely famous tower was designed by Eiffel for the 1889 Paris World Fair. It is a triumph of engineering and is today a universally recognized symbol of France. http://www.history.com/topics/eiffel-tower

Monet's Rouen Cathedral

Apr 17, 1894

The Rouen Cathedral was a series of paintings by the Impressionist master Monet depicting France's Rouen Cathedral. These paintings focus on the change and effect of light. http://www.learn.columbia.edu/monet/swf/

The Tomb of Amenemhat II

Jan 1, 1900

The Tomb of Amenemhat was created at about 1900 BC. This marks the ability to carve interior chambers out of stone, a skill greatly used by the Egyptians. The Greeks based much architecture off of the ancient Egyptians. http://egyptholidaysdirectory.com/listing/tomb-of-amenemhat.html

Belau Ceremonial House

May 3, 1900

Located in Micronesia, this house was built by the Belau people and is known as a Bai. It was mainly used for meetings, feasts, and social events. http://prezi.com/tw-9bjit1ut4/mans-ceremonial-house-belau/

Picasso Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

May 3, 1907

This Cubist work by Pablo Picasso challenges traditional art in that it portrays five nude figures, but none of them are portrayed in a particularly feminine way. http://www.moma.org/collection/object.php?object_id=79766

Auuenau Western Arnhem Land

May 3, 1913

The Auuenau is a ghoulish spirit from native Australian culture. This is a drawing depicting the artist's interpretation of the Auuenau, which was thought to be long, tall, thin, and hairy. http://www.sacred-texts.com/pac/om/om25.htm

Brancusi Bird in Space

May 3, 1924

Brancusi's Bird in Space is part of a series of sculptures. It focuses on the movement of the bird, not the form itself. http://www.metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/486757

Weston Nude

May 3, 1925

Weston's series of nude portraits are remarkable because they portray the human bodyyas a piece of art, and in this case, a landscape. http://www.edward-weston.com/edward_weston_nudes.htm

Wright Fallingwater

May 3, 1936

Wright's Fallingwater is an immensely famous piece of American architecture. Frank Lloyed Wright used modern materials and engineering techniques create a beautiful and practical living space, and then sold it for a tidy sum. http://www.wright-house.com/frank-lloyd-wright/fallingwater.html

Martinez San Ildefonso Pueblo Jar

May 3, 1939

Maria Martinez created extremely famous Native American-styled pottery in the early 20th century. She was known for successfully emulating classical Native American pottery styles. http://www.medicinemangallery.com/Maria-Martinez-article.lasso

Kahlo The Two Fridas

May 3, 1939

Kahlo was a feminist painter during the early 20th century. This is one of her more famous pieces, The Two Fridas. The Two Fridas is thought to be a sort of self-portrait. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/kahlos-the-two-fridas-las-dos-fridas-1939.html

Bonsu Linguist's Staff

May 3, 1950

The Bonsu linguist's staff depicts two men sitting across from each other. It is made of wood and gold leaf. http://cengagesites.com/academic/assets/sites/Chapter%2034,%20Africa%20After%201800.pdf

Jackson Pollock Lavendar Mist

May 3, 1950

Jackson Pollock's Lavendar Mist represents a breakthrough in American painting. With his drip painting technique, Pollock aimed for expression beyond form, and is one of the most famous modern painters. http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/highlights/highlight55819.html

Kenzo Tange Olympic Stadium

Apr 17, 1961

Kenzo Tange designed this Olympic stadium for the Olympics hosted by Tokyo, Japan. It is a very Modernist and Expressionist building, using modern architecture to its fullest extent. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Olympic_Arena.html

Warhol Marilyn Diptych

May 3, 1962

Created in the year of her death, this diptych by Pop Artist Warhol is a commentary on the cult of celebrity. The diptych depicts her in almost a negative light, and the right side of the work is reminiscent of film, ocnnotating short-livedness. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/warhol-marilyn-diptych-t03093

Ye Yushan Rent Collection

Apr 17, 1965

The Rent Collection Courtyard is a series of 114 life-sized clay sculptures by Ye Yushan in the Sichuan region. It depicts an evil aristocrat collecting rent from penurious peasants. http://english.ccnt.com.cn/?catog=fineart&file=031100&ads=service_001

Senufo Dance Mask

May 3, 1975

The Senufo Dance Masks are a famous and classical symbol of Senufo culture. They are often used in traditional dances, in which dancers take on the characters of various spiritual animals for holidays. http://www.hamillgallery.com/SENUFO/SenufoArt.html

Villa of the Mysteries

Feb 10, 1979

The Villa of the Mysteries, as it is known, is a well-preserved Roman house from Pompeii. It is decorated with several frescoes depicting a cult initiation of some sort. http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/timelines/rome/empire/vm/villaofthemysteries.html

Chicago The Dinner party

May 3, 1979

Chicago's The Dinner Party is an important and powerful feminist work. It shows a dinner party table laid out in a celebratory banquet in honor of ninety-five women from history. http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/dinner_party/

Arch of Titus

Feb 10, 1982

This is an arch built in AD 82 commemorating the accomplishments of the Roman Emperor Titus. It was commissioned by his brother Domitian after Titus' death. It was used as a symbol of persecution to the Jewish people. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/romanurbs/archtitus.html

Song Su-Nam Summer Trees

Apr 17, 1983

Song Su-Nam, a leader of the Oriental Ink Movement, painted this abstract design of trees in summeri in 1983. This resulted from the catastrophic Cultural Revolution, which obliterated many Chinese cultural identifiers. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=267937&partId=1

Bester Homage to Steve Biko

May 3, 1992

The Homage to Steve Biko is a painting done by Bester dedicated to Steve Biko, a famous African Civil Rights activist.He died in police custody, and so has become a martyr. http://books.google.com/books?id=TlVeuxIgjwQC&pg=PA221&lpg=PA221&dq=homage+to+steve+biko+bester&source=bl&ots=Mhx7loses0&sig=racHp3vqHZGlB33XhLjLWTRjNZM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RFVkU6iRNaywsASc5oHwCg&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=homage%20to%20steve%20biko%20bester&f=false

Guggenheim Museum: Bilbao

May 3, 1997

The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, is truly a modern museum. Its crazy convulsions of metal are a result of new technologies, and the art contained inside are no less avant-garde. http://www.guggenheim.org/bilbao

Oursler Man She She

May 3, 1997

Oursler used digital cameras and modern computers to create this work. It uses the faces of two men and a women in an egg shape. http://tonyoursler.com/individual_work_slideshow.php?navItem=work&workId=175&startDateStr=Sep.%2024,%201997&subSection=Installations&allTextFlg=true&title=Man%20She%20She

Robed Male Figure

Feb 5, 2000

This is a sculpture of a robed male figure from Mohenjo-daro. It is believed to represent a priest king. This is significant because of its representation of religion in Ancient Asia. http://www.cengage.com/art/book_content/0495093076_kleiner/online_study_guide/ch06/ch06_1.html

Middle Jomon Vessel

Feb 5, 2000

Jomon was a period of pottery in Japan. This vessel represents a typical piece of pottery at the time. While functional, the exterior often sported complex designs, reflecting ancient Japanese culture. http://www.davidrumsey.com/amica/amico12100815-37473.html

Horyuji Kondo

Mar 2, 2022

This is one of the oldest surviving pieces of wooden architecture in the East. It is a residential space, and represents much of the typical architecture of the time. http://www.horyuji.or.jp/horyuji_e.htm

Paris Psalter

Mar 2, 2022

The Paris Psalter is another illuminated manuscript found in Paris and made during the time of the Byzantine empire. It depicts scenes of the Bible, particularly that of David, and by mythological extention, also of Orpheus. http://www.le.ac.uk/english/em1060to1220/mss/EM.P.BN.Lat.8846.htm

Great Mosque, Codoba

Mar 2, 2022

This building in Cordoba, Spain, was built as a mosque and later converted to a church. It combines elements of Islamic architecture and Roman architecture, using columns, arches, as well as Moorish/Islamic building materials. http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/the-great-mosque-of-cordoba-spain.html

Charlemagne/Charles the Bald

Mar 2, 2022

This statuette depicts Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Bald, atop a horse. It is a well-known statuette, copied many times all over the world. Art like these statuettes has helped to preserve history in the form of art.

Dome of the Rock

Mar 2, 2022

The Dome of the Rock is an extremely important and famous Muslim shrine. It is located in Jerusalem, Israel. It is one of the most important sites of Muslim theology, and is the first example of Islamic architecture. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-dome-of-the-rock

El Castillo, Chichen Itza, Maya

Mar 2, 2022

Chichen Itza is an ancient Mayan city located in present-day Mexico. The main architectural feature is El Castillo, a large step pyramid. It is dedicated to various Aztec gods, such as Kulkukan and Quetzalcoatl. http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/chichen-itza/

The Great Sphinx of Giza

Jan 17, 2500

The Great Sphinx is a massive statue built by the Ancient Egyptians. It was built around 2500 BC, and its purpose is unknown, although theories range from a portrait to religious purposes. http://amazeingart.com/seven-wonders/sphinx.html

Lyre Player, Keros

Jan 28, 2600

This lyre player, found at Keros, is a three-dimensional carving. It is an achievement of the Cycladic sculpture, a style/period found in the Aegean region. http://www.greece-athens.com/page.php?page_id=11

The White Temple Ziggurat at Uruk

Jan 1, 3200

Created in 4000-3000 BC, this famous ziggurat was built by the Mesopotamians. It is one of the best known and preserved ziggurats. Ziggurats may have been built for religious reasons. http://www.fischerarthistory.com/white-temple-and-ziggurat.html

Running Woman, Tassili n'Ajjer

Feb 28, 5000

Tassili n'Ajjer is an area in present-day Libya, Niger, and Mali that contains examples of cave art. It depicts a running woman with body paint and a skirt, perhaps in a religious or ritual setting.