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Roanoke
The settlers sailed to the new world and founded Roanoke. John White, their mayor sailed back to England to get resources and returned back three years later. When he returned, the whole settlement was empty. Everyone gone without a trace except that the word Croatoan and Cro were carved into trees along the colony's border. https://www.britannica.com/story/the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
It was the first permanent British settlement. Its most profitable export was tobacco and it became very popular because it was a good cash crop. John Rolfe, leader of Jamestown married Pocahontas, daughter of Algonquin chief. Jamestown was the capital of Virginia until 1699. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
Great Puritan Migration
The Separatists voyaged to the new world on a ship called the Mayflower and arrived on the coast of Massachusetts, in November. They established Plymouth in the colony of New England, and this marks the start of the Great Puritan Migration. Notes -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
The pilgrims settled the Plymouth colony by voyaging on a ship called the Mayflower. There were 100 passengers on the ship and they landed at Cape Cod.Half of the settlers died in the first winter. The Mayflower Compact established the foundation for the colony's government, it was the first self government plan in the colonies. Notes -
New York
Settled by the Dutch. They called this land New Netherlands and New York City was called New Amsterdam. Henry Hudson explored this area and has the Hudson river named after him. Between 1652-1674, the Dutch and British fought 3 naval wars. In 1673 the colony was back in British control. Notes -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony. They were led by John Winthrop. The laws of the colony were tied to the beliefs of the Puritan Church. It eventually became the largest and most influential New England colony in America. Notes -
Maryland
Southern colony settled by Lord Baltimore. He was a Catholic who convinced King Charles to give him 100 acres of land for the persecuted Catholics to settle. It was a proprietary colony. Lord Baltimore died before he did anything with the land, but son gave the land to a married couple. The Toleration Act of 1649 was made in Maryland and it granted religious freedom to all Christians. Notes -
Rhode Island
New England colony. It was settled by Roger Williams and his supporters. He settled here, because he was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking against government authorities that were taking land from the Native Americans, so he founded Rhode Island. There was no religious persecution of Christians in Rhode Island. Notes -
Conneticut
The colony of Connecticut was founded by Thomas Hooker, a nonconformist puritan. The colony was used as the first trading post on the Connecticut River Valley. It was one of four of the New England colonies. Notes -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was an assembly of elected representatives, from Virginia and they met from 1643 to 1776. This was the first democratically elected legislative body in North America. It was dissolved in 1774 by John Murray because it started to support resistance to the crown. The House of Burgesses was the training ground for Americas first Founding Fathers.https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/House_of_Burgesses -
Maryland Toleration Act
It was called the Toleration Act of 1649. It granted religious freedom to all Christians living in Maryland. Notes -
Carolina
8 supporters were granted land by King Charles the 2nd in the Carolinas. There was easy access to trade so many people grew cash crops there like, rice, indigo, and tobacco. To harvest these crops it required a huge work force so they got African slaves to do the work for them. By 1720 slaves outnumbered settlers 2:1. In 1729 Carolina became a royal colony, and split into North and South Carolina. Notes -
Bacon's Rebellion
Bacon attacked a friendly tribe and falsely accused them of stealing his corn. He asked the governor to attack Native Americans He wouldnt do it, so Bacon formed is own army. He met the Occaneechi people on his trip and they helped him fight. When they won the battle Bacon killed all the Occaneechi people.https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/2088010/edit -
Pennsylvania
Middle colony, settled by William Penn. It was established as a Holy Experiment, it was without a landowning aristocracy and every male settler got 50 acres and the right to vote. William Penn became a Quaker, then the Society of Friends was made in 1647, not formally organized until 1668. Notes -
Salutary Neglect
Its the policy of the British government regarding trade regulations between Britain and the American colonies. There could be colonial affairs, as long as the colonies were loyal to Britain and that the colonies helped the Britain economy and made it profitable. This ultimately led to American independence. https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect -
Salem Witch Trials
A group of girls in the town of Salem, Masterclasses were thought to be possessed by the devil. Many people were executed for being part of witchcraft. This lead to a wave of hysteria spreading through Massachusetts.In total 18 people were killed for witchcraft. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Great Awakening/ Enlightenment
It was a religious revival that impacted many colonies. It came about from the idea of secular rationalism being noticed, and the passion for religion became quiet. Christian leaders went from town to town, promoting Christianity and it resulted in a renewed dedication to religion. Enlightenment was also known as the Age of Reason and it emphasized a scientific and logical view of the world, without religion. https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
French-Indian War
It was a war between Great Britain and France and it was known as the seven years' war. It began in 1754 and ended in 1763 because they made the Treaty of Paris. Paying the wars expenses lead to colonial dissatisfaction, and then to the American Revolution. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/french-indian-war -
Albany Plan
It was a plan to place British North American colonies under a more centralized government. The plan got adopted but was never carried out. This was the first important proposal where representatives voted as a whole under one united government. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
Proclamation of 1763
After the Seven Years' War was won by Britain, the proclamation of 1763 was written. It was made to form a boundary line, called the proclamation line. It separated British on the Atlantic coast from land to the west, American Indian land. It has become one of the cornerstones of Native American law in the United States and Canada. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of
