-
Brown v board of Education
This was a complication of multiple cases of educational discrimination. Brown was brought before the Supreme Court by NAACP defence fund lawyer Thurgood Marshall, who created a complete argument against segregation using sociology, extensive research and the 14th Amendment. -
Emmitt Till murder
Emmitt Till was a 14-year-old boy who came down to Mississippi to visit his cousins. he was accused of flirting or hissing in some way at a white woman. Emmitt's dead body was found at the Tallahatchie River, tied to a large cotton gin fan. His body was so beaten up, that he could not be easily identified. Moses, Emmitt's uncle testified in court against the men who had killed him, and his mother held an open casket funeral to show that would what discrimination or racism had done to her son. -
Montgomery Bus boycott
This was a boycott of the Bus to protest for the desegregation of buses. it lasted for a year. Buses were empty, and private systems were made to transport people to work. -
Little Rock Nine
After the ruling in Brown v Board of Education, 9 kids tried attending school with a federal order to desegregate Little Rock. Governor Orval Faubus responded by sending the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the children from entering the school. This was a direct challenge of Federal authority. Later on, Eisenhower sends Federal troop to escort in, and they continue to do this for a whole year. -
Lunch counter Sit-in
The first sit-in in 1960 was started by 4 black college students at North Carolina A&T State University determined to end segregation. They sat on a lunch counter stool reserved for whites and asked to be served. Many were faced with verbal and physical abuse from whites. They also impacted the businesses, because the took ups space for the customer that would get served. -
Freedom Bus rides
These were a group of interracial protesters that travelled on interstate buses to enforce the desegregation of Bus terminals. They did what the law allowed them to do. On thier route to Alabama, the two groups were harassed. One was met by a mob that fire-bombed the bus, and the other bus they were beaten up. -
Birmingham Protest
Birmingham was chosen by SCLC, and MLK because it was the most discriminatory city in the south. They knew that Bull Conno, chief of police in Birmingham would have the most reactive and aggressive response. This would help get national attention, which was the civil rights movement tactic. They were protesting black employment downtown. -
March on Washington
The effort to gain national support for the Civil Rights Movement culminated with the March on Washington. 200,000 people, both black and white, gathered in Washington. This was double the amount expected. It was positively portrayed/ captured on television. And the fear that Eisenhower had that riots might break out was diminished as the crowd was peaceful. -
Freedom Summer
Mississippi had the most number of black non-voters. The plan was to encourage people to register to vote. They also set up summer schools to teach kids. No protection was provided by the police or the government, till 3 college students went missing (killed) -
Citizen Right Act of 1964
- Outlawed Segregation is spaces open to the public.
- Justice Department can enforce the law
- Prohibited Discrimination in employment by Race or Gender.
-
Selma March
Selma match was a series of three matches that took place in Alabam to protest the Black people's right to vote. In the first attempt, they were beaten up by the police. Then MLK led on were he turned around. Then another that succeded to go all the way to Montgomery -
Voting Right Act of 1965
- Prohibited Literacy test and poll taxes
- Authorized the use of federal registers to register voters if states failed to respect the 15th amendment.
- Federal government can take over polling.